Objective To compare the effects of butorphanol,midazolam and innovar on relieving appendix traction response during appendectomy. Methods Sixty-eight patients who underwent appendectomy were randomly divided into butorphanol group(n=21),midazolam group(n=23) and innovar group(n=24).Butorphanol,midazolam and innovar were intravenously administered to patients during skin incision.The appendix traction response,sedation score,heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) were recorded and compared among groups.Results Compared with those before operation,there was no significant changes in HR,MAP and SpO2 during operation.The effective rates of butorphanol,midazolam and innovar in relieving appendix traction response were 95.2%,65.2% and 50.0%,respectively.Butorphanol surpassed midazolam and innovar in sedation and relieving appendix traction response(P

To observe the preventive effect of polydatin on diabetic myocardial hypertrophy in mice and discuss its and mechanism. The diabetic model was induced with low dose STZ (40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) x 5 d, ip) for five days in mice. The myocardial hypertrophy was determined by hypertrophy indexes (LVHI, left ventricular/right ventricle and septum), left ventricular/body weight (LV/BW), the histological examination and the mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic factor(ANF). The fast blood glucose(FBG), serum insulin and plasma hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c) levels were detected, and then HOMA insulin resistance index ( HOMA. IR) was calculated. The mRNA and protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. According to the results, the FBG of the model group exceeded 11.1 mmol x L(-1), with notable decrease in BW and significant increase in insulin, HbA1c and HOME. IR, suggesting the successful establishment and stability of the diabetic model. The increases in LVHI, LV/BW, cell surface and ANF mRNA indicated a myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic mice. Meanwhile, the model group showed decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of PPARβ and significant increase in NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS expressions. After the preventation with PD (50, 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), diabetic mice showed increase in BW, reduction in the levels of FBG, insulin and HbA1 c, relief in insulin resistance and significant recovery in hypertrophy indexes, indicating PD has the protective effect in diabetic myocardial hypertrophy. Meanwhile, PD up-regulated the expression of PPARβ, inhibited the expressions of NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS, demonstrating that PD's protective effect may be related to the activation of PPARβ and the inhibition of NF-κB, COX-2 and iNOS signaling pathways.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVE To develop the strategies for preventing nosocomial infection in the department of(laboratory).METHODS The current situation in nosocomial infection management in department of laboratory was analyzed.RESULTS There were some problems in training knowledge of nosocomial infection,preparing(equipment) and supplies for prevention,implementing prevention measures,and cultivating good work habit.(CONCLUSIONS) It is very important to strengthen nosocomial infection management for preventing efficiently(nosocomial) infection in the department of laboratory.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the reasons of nosocomial infection in laboratory departments, and then advance corresponding measures to overcome them. METHODS The current situations in laboratory department between domestic large scale hospitals and overseas hospitals were compared, especially paying attentions to those parts involving in management system and precautionary measures. RESULTS There were a lot of shortcomings existed in the supervision of nosocomial infections in laboratory departments; many measures should be taken to increase the management level. CONCLUSIONS To reform and improve the system of nosocomial infection control and prevention, and establish an effective and systematic alerting and prevention system will benefit all kinds of the hospitals.

Objective To analyze the reasons of perioperative hypoxia in Stanford A aortic dissection,and summarize its management strategies.Methods From Dec.2005 to Jul.2011,sixty four patients underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection,of which 9 cases were with chronic dissection and 55 cases with emergent ones.Preoperative oxygen fraction ratio( PaO2/FiO2 )in 51 cases was lower than 200 mm Hg.All of them underwent the surgery with the help of deep hypothermia cardiac arrest technique.Results Three cases died.Thirty-three cases could not live without ventilation during the first 72 h because of continuous hypoxia ( PaO2/FiO2 ＜ 200 mm Hg).One case underwent tracheotomy and auxiliary ventilation for 9 days.The rest were live without ventilation after auxiliary ventilator for 72 - 120 hrs.The data showed that postoperative hypoxia was related to preoperative hypoxia (oxygen fraction ratio ＜ 200 mm Hg),BMI,acute onset,hypothermia cardiac arrest time,and transfusion more than 3000 ml ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Great attention should be paid to the perioperative hypoxia-related factors in Stanford A dissection,which will be helpful to improve prognosis.

Aim To investigate the effect of GW0742 on the endothelial dysfunction induced by high glucose
(glucose at 55 mmol · L -1 )in isolated rat thoracic aorta and its related mechanisms.Methods The end
othelium-dependent relaxation of acetylcholine was per-formed in the absence or presence of GW0742 at differ-ent concentrations under high glucose condition.The structure of aorta was observed by HE staining.Moreo-ver,the content of NO was also measured by nitrate re-duction method.The mRNA and protein expression were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and West-ern blot,respectively.Results Compared with the control group,acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation was impaired by high glucose.Meanwhile,the structures of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were also in-terrupted.Furthermore, the expressions of PPARβmRNA and protein reduced while the NF-κB p65 ex-pression increased significantly which occurred in par-
allel with decreasing eNOS expression and NO concen-tration (P <0.01 ).GW0742 (0.01 ,0.1 ,1 μmol· L -1 )restored the relaxation of acetylcholine in a dose-dependent manner,and reversed the mRNA and pro-tein expression of PPARβ,NF-κB p65 and eNOS,as well as NO content (P <0.01 ).Conclusion GW0742 attenuates the injury of endothelial dysfunc-tion induced by high glucose,which may be,at least partly,mediated by the up-regulation of PPARβ,then the down-regulation of NF-κB,and the activation of eNOS-NO signal pathway.

Aim To investigate the effect of polydatin on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by high glucose (25.5 mmol·L -1 )and insulin (0.1 μmol ·L -1 ) (HGI)and its possible influence on peroxisome prolif-erator-activated receptor-β (PPARβ)/nuclear tran-scription factor-κB (NF-κB)/nitric oxide (NO)signa-ling pathway.Methods The cardiomyocyte hypertro-phy was characterized in rat primary cardiomyocytes by measuring the cell surface area,protein content,and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)mRNA expression.The mRNA and protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively.The activity of NO synthase (NOS)and NO content were measured by reagent kit through ultraviolet spectroscopy.Results HGI significantly induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy which increased the cell surface area,protein content and ANF mRNA expression (P <0.01 ).Meanwhile, the expressions of PPARβmRNA and protein reduced while the NF-κB p65 and iNOS expressions increased significantly which occurred in parallel with rising NOS activity and NO concentration (P <0.01 ).Polydatin (0.1,1,10 μmol·L -1 )inhibited the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by HGI (P <0.01 ),and re-versed the mRNA and protein expressions of PPARβ, NF-κB p65 and iNOS,and NOS activity,as well as NO content.These effects of polydatin were abolished by GSK0660 (1 μmol·L -1 ),a selective PPARβan-tagonist (P <0.05 ).Conclusion Polydatin resists HGI-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,which may be mediated by PPARβup-regulation,and then NF-κB-iNOS-NO pathway inactivation.

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the anti-tumor activity of hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ) in vitro. Methods:CCK-8 assay was applied to detect the inhibitory effect of HCQ at different concentrations(4. 78, 9. 55, 19. 10, 38. 20,76. 40 μg?ml-1 ) on A549 cells, HepG2 cells, HT-29 cells, K562 cells, Hela cells and B16 cells. Absorbance was detected by a microplate reader, and then the inhibitory rate of the tumor cells and the IC50 was calculated. Results:Compared with those of the negative control group, the inhibitory rates of HCQ at different concentrations against the six tumor cells were all increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P<0. 01). The inhibitory rates of the tumor cells were all above 60% when the concentration reached 38. 20μg?ml-1. The IC50 was 26. 70(A549), 27. 47(HepG2), 5. 72(HT-29), 14. 03(K562), 20. 21(Hela) and 13. 62(B16) μg?ml-1, respectively. Conclusion:HCQ shows anti-tumor activity on several cancer cells in vitro. There may be a good application prospect for HCQ in the treatment of colorectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, melanoma and leukemia.

Objective To describe the treatment experience of post-operative complications after total arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection in 34 cases.Methods The subjects were 34 consecutive patients (Twenty-eight males and 6 females,age 34.0 -60.0 yrs) who received total arch replacement for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection from Jan.2005 to Oct.2010 in our hospital.The duration from the onset of the symptoms to the hospitalization ranged from 4 - 18 hrs.Pre-operative 2-D Echo revealed aortic valve regurgitation in 8 patients and mitral valve regurgitation in 1 patient.Results Three patients died after operation ( mortality 8.8％ ).Severe complications included acute kidney injury in 13 cases,respiratory dysfunction in 12 cases,paraplegia in 1 case,mental disorder in 10 cases and excessive post-operative bleeding in 2 cases.Conclusion The incidence of the complications after total arch replacement is still high and severe.Intensive care should be stressed peri-operatively and early diagnosis and treatment for post-operative complications are important procedures.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of the change of serum matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1,-2,-3 and -9 in acute and chronic aortic diseases and acute myocardial ischemia.Methods The blood serum levels of MMP-1,-2,-3 and -9 were detected in 30 patients with acute aortic dissection,19 patients with chronic aortic dissection,19 patients with aortic aneurysm and in 12 patients with acute myocardial ischemia,as well as in 16 healthy individuals who served as the control group.Serum MMP levels were measured by using an ELISA technique.Results There were significantly higher levels of MMP-3 in patients with acute myocardial ischemia as compared to acute aortic dissection ( [19.10 ± 3.11 ] μg/L vs [11.89 ± 1.31 ] μg/L,P =0.02).Significantly lower levels of MMP-1 were found in healthy controls compared to the groups of patients ( [1.30 ± 0.56 ] μg/L vs [2.99 ± 0.78 ] μg/L in acute aortic dissection,P =0.03,[3.12 ±0.78] μg/L in chronic dissection,P =0.02,[3.01 ± 1.01 ] μg/L in thoracic aortic aneurysm,P =0.03 and [5.01 ± 0.98 ] μg/L in acute myocardial ischemia,P =0.01 ).Higher levels of M MP-1 and MMP-3 were detected on males.There was a positive correlation between MMP-1 and increasing age ( r =0.38,P ＜ 0.05 ).In patients operated for acute type A aortic dissection,the levels of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 increased immediately after surgery,while the levels of MMP-2 decreased.Twenty-four hours after surgery levels of MMP-1,-2 and -9 were almost equal to the preoperative ones( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Measurement of serum MMP levels in thoracic aortic disease and acute myocardial ischemia is a simple and relatively rapid laboratory test that could be used as a biochemical indicator of aortic disease or acute myocardial ischemia,when evaluated in combination with imaging techniques.