Background Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) following the extracapsular extract of cataract is associated with the proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells (LECs).Study showed that the incidence of PCO is higher in diabetic patients than those of non-diabetes.So if insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) participates in the pathogenesis of PCO deserve research.Objective This study was to explore the active mechanism of IGF-1/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1 R) system in the migration of LECs and offer theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of PCO.Methods Human lens epithelial cell lines (HLEC-B3) were cultured and passaged in DMEM.The cells were identified using fluorescence immunocytometry.IGF-1 with the concentrations of 0,30,90 μg/L were added into the medium separately for 48 hours.The numbers of migrated cells were calculated by Transwell test.The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 0,1.5,30,60,90 μg/L IGF-1,and the expressions of IGF-1 Rα and IGF-1Rβ in the cells were assayed and compared by Western bolt.Results The cultured showed the positive response for α-crystallin anibody with red fluorescence in the cellular membrane.Twelve hours after Transwell incubation,the number of migrated cells (Median) was 0(0,1),10(10,11) and 29(27,31) in the 0 μg/L IGF-1 group,30 μg/L IGF-1 group and 90 μg/L IGF-1 group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the 3 groups (Z=12.610,P=0.002).The number of migrated cells in the 30 μg/L IGF-1 group and 90 μg/L IGF-1 group was significantly more than that of the 0 μg/L IGF-1 group (both at P =0.008),and the number of migrated cells in the 90 μg/L IGF-1 group was significantly more than that of the 30 μg/L IGF-1group (P =0.009).Western blot assay showed that the expressions of IGF-1Rα and IGF-1Rβ in the cells were significantly different among the 0,1.5,30,60,90 μg/L IGF-1 groups (F=63.700,130.530,both P =0.000).The expressions of IGF-1 Rα and IGF-1Rβ were gradually elevated as increase of IGF-1 doses when then concentration of IGF-1 was ＞ 30 μg/L,with significant differences among the different concentrations groups (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions IGF-1 can upregulate the expressions of IGF-1R in HLEC-B3 cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner.Also,IGF-1 enhances the migration ability of HLEC-B3 cells.These results suggest that activation of IGF-1/IGF-1R system may be associated with the pathogenesis of PCO.

A total of 1140 medical workers from 8 public hospitals of secondary and tertiary levels in Anhui were surveyed with questionnaire. Their knowledge of the reform, acknowledgement of key points of the reform, desire of participating in the reform and other factors that may influence the reform were investigated as categorized by their hospital, position, title and age. This study comes up with such recommendations as reinforcing communications on public hospital reform, reforming the compensation mechanism to clarify government responsibilities, probing into a better model for multi-institution practice of certified physicians, and encouraging private capital to participate in medical service while ensuring its non-profit nature, and improving the performance appraisal mechanism to ensure incentives of medical workers. These recommendations aim to enable the health administrators in their decision making.

Objective:To explore the correlation between the characteristics of contrast-enhanced sonography of intraoperative glioblastoma multiform (GBM) and molecular markers of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1(IDH1).Methods:A retrospective analysis were performed in 30 patients who underwent neurosurgery and pathologically confirmed to be GBM at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from May 2018 to April 2019. All neurosurgical glioblastoma patients after craniotomy underwent conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) guided navigation. The characteristics of the ultrasound imaging (whether the tumor involves the structure of the corpus callosum, the clarity of the tumor boundary after enhanced ultrasound and whether the tumor has necrotic areas with enhanced ultrasound images) were analyzed. The ratio between tumor necrosis area and whole tumor area (N/W) was measured, and the correlation with IDH1 gene expression was analyzed.Results:There were statistical differences in clarity of tumor boundary after CEUS and tumor necrosis after CEUS between positive IDH1 and negative IDH1 groups(all P<0.05). The positive expression of IDH1 was negatively correlated with the N/W area of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound mode( r=-0.756, P<0.05), suggesting that the expression level of IDH1 gene was negatively correlated with the area of tumor necrosis. Conclusions:Ultrasound contrast agent examination can more accurately distinguish the active proliferation area, hemorrhagic necrosis area and peripheral edema area of glioblastoma. Accurately identifying the extent of tumor necrosis area through ultrasound contrast agent examination can predict expression of IDH1.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of sequential plasma perfusion of low dose plasma exchange in the pa-tients with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF).Methods The patients with HBV related ACLF in the infection department of the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College were divided into the plasma exchange therapy group (group A,n=114)and the low dose plasma exchange sequential plasma perfusion therapy group (group B,n=144).The group A was treated only by plasma exchange of fresh frozen plasma 2 400 mL;while the group B adopted the sequential plasma perfusion of plasma exchange,with fresh frozen plasma dosage of 1 400 mL.The changes of the liver and renal function,coagulation function and electrolyte indicators were observed in the two groups.The differences in the clinical effects and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The serum levels of ALT,TBIL and INR after treatment in the two groups were significant decreased than before treatment(P<0.05);ALB and PTA were significantly improved compared with before treatment(P<0.05);there were no signif-icant differences in serum levels of CRE,K+ and Na+ between before and after treatment.The changes of various indexes before and after treatment had no statistical differences between the two groups.The total effective rate and the mortality at 24 weeks in the group B was 66.66% and 47.22% respectively,which had no statistical differences compared with the group A.The total oc-currence rate of adverse reactions in the group B was 23.75%,which was significant lower than 35.26% in the group A with statis-tical difference (P=0.011).Conclusion Sequential plasma perfusion of plasma exchange has better clinical effect and few adverse reactions for treating the patients with ACLF,which can reduce the plasma dosage significantly.

Diving ; Humans ; Otitis Externa ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3) mRNA expression, microvessels density (MVD) and lymphatic microvessels density (LVD) in human hepatocellular carcinoma and normal liver tissue. Try to illuminate the relationship among VEGF-C,VEGFR-3,MVD,LVD and the clinical pathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Liver tissue of 60 cases definitely diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma and 20 normal cases were collected. VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 mRNA expression were examined by RT-PCR, MVD and LVD were examined by immunohistochemistry staining. Relationship between these indexes and clinical pathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma was also analysed. Results VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 mRNA expression, MVD and LVD in hepatocellular carcinoma were higher than those in normal liver tissue (P<0.01); In hepatocellular carcinoma tissue, expression of VEGF-C mRNA positively related with VEGFR-3 mRNA, MVD and LVD(P<0.01). VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 expression positively related with portal vein tumor thrombus, intrahepatal metastasis and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). MVD positively related with portal vein tumor thrombus and intrahepatal metastasis (P<0.01). LVD positively related with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). Conclusion VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 expression increase in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue. They might play roles in tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.

A new phenethanol, (2'R)-4-(2', 3'-dihydroxy-3'-methyl-butanoxy)-phenethanol (1), along with other eleven known benzene derivatives (2-12) were isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of Clausena excavata (Rutaceae). Compounds 3 and 4 are new natural products, and compounds 5-8, 10-12 were isolated from C. excavata for the first time. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses including HSQC, COSY and HMBC experiments. 1 was tested for its cytotoxicities against A549, HeLa and BGC-823 cancer cell lines, and antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that 1 did not exhibit cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.
Benzene Derivatives ; chemistry ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Clausena ; chemistry ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects

To investigate monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes of the stems and leaves of Clausena excavata, an AcOEt fraction of the methanol extract was subjected on column chromatographies including silica gel and RP-18, as well as preparative HPLC. The structures of compounds isolated were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data as excamonoterpene (1), (6R, 9S)-9, 10-dihydroxy-4-megastigmen-3-one (2), (3R, 6R, 7E) -3-hydroxy-4, 7-megastigmadien-9-one (3), (3S) -3-hydroxy-7, 8-dihydro-beta-ionone (4), (3S, 5R, 6S) -3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-beta-ionone (5), (6R, 9R) -9-hydroxy-4-megastigmen-3-one (6), (3S, SR) -dihydroxy-6, 7-megstigmadien-9-one(7), (-)-loliolide(8), caryolane-1, 9alpha-diol(9) and 2, 6-dihydroxyhumula-3 (12), 7 (13), 9(E)-triene (10), were isolated from the stems and leaves of C. excavata. Compound 1 is a new monoterpene, named as excamonoterpene. Compounds 2-10 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Clausena ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methanol ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Monoterpenes ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; analysis ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enoyl-CoA Hydratase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

objective To explore the role of cytokines and dendritic cells (DCs) in rat high-risk corneal allograft survival pro- longed by superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) and to compare the different effects between SEB and glucocorticoid. Design Experimental study.Participants Fisher 344 and Lewis rats.Methods The Fisher 344 and Lewis inbred rats were used for high-risk penetrating keratoplasty model.All of the Lewis rat recipients were divided into three groups by blinded fashion.GroupⅠand GroupⅡrats were injected intraperitoneally with 0.2ml saline buffer or SEB (75?g/ml) respectively at 4-day intervals on three occasions before transplantation.GroupⅢrats were injected subconjunctivally with 0.1ml dexamethasone (1mg/ml) daily from the first day after surgery for 2 weeks.The allograft survival was examined under slit-lamp.The concentration of interleukin IL-1?,IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6, IL-10,TNF-?in rat aqueous humor and peripheral blood were measured by liquichip and the cytokine and CD11c,CD80,MHC-Ⅱex- pression in corneal grafts were examined by immunohistochemestry staining.Main Octcome Measures Mean survival time of the allo- grafts,the level of cytokines in aqueous humor,peripheral blood and corneal grafts.Results Compared with group control,the grafts mean survival time was delayed about 3.8d in group SEB (P=0.00) and 7.1d in group dexamethasone(P=0.01).But there was no signifi- cant difference between group SEB and dexamethone (P=0.26).Liquichip test showed that the level of IL-1?in aqueous humor was re- duced and IL-4,IL-6 and IFN-?,ascended.Only IFN-?,and IL-6 could be found in peripheral blood,and the changing shift of them was similar to that in aqueous humor.The immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of IL-2 in rat corneal grafts was signif- icantly decreased but IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10 elevated.The expression of DCs in group SEB was similar to that in group control,which was elevated after keratoplasty,but the phenotype of DCs was not the same.There were predominantly mature DCs in group control while immature DCs in group SEB.Conclusions The immunological inhibiting effect of SEB is same to glucocorticoid,but the mecha- nism is different.SEB can modulate immune response,which might induce immune inhibition via the local production of cytokines and effect on DCs maturation involving corneal graft rejection prevention.