Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F.prausnitzii) is the most abundant intestinal microorganisms in the intestine of healthy adults and has been considered as a biological indicator of human health. In recent years, many studies have shown that F. prausnitzii abundance is reduced in different intestinal diseases. Further more, scholars found F.prausnitzii plays an important role in intestinal mucosal barrier protection and inflammation suppression in intestinal diseases. Therefore, it has been proposed that the abundance of F. prausnitzii may serve as a biomarker to assist in gut diseases diagnostics, providing a new idea for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of intestinal diseases. This article reviews the research progress of F.prausnitziiin in intestinal diseases.