Objective:To explore the roles of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in diabetic reti nopathy.Methods:The serum levels of IGF-1 and TNF-? in 127 cases of type 2 diabetic patients (DM group) and 36 cases of health control (control group) were detected by ELISA method. Results: (1)The serum level of IGF-1 in DM group were lower than that in control group(P

According to the theory of in vitro radioassay, using TSHAb as binder and 125I-staphylococcal protein A (125I-SPA) as tracer agent, a new method for detecting the abnormal immunoglobulin (aIgG) in the sera of patients with Graves disease (GD) was reported. In the initial study of the method, the most appropriate interacting conditions of TSHAb with aIgG were explored and compared with ELISA using ganglioside (GLS) as a binder. The relationship between aIgG and thyroid-stimulating imunoglobulin(TSI) was probed into. The results showed that TSHAb could interact specifically with aIgG in vitro; but it could not interact with IgG from sera of normal subjects, systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) patients and diabetic patients. With aIgG as an evaluating index, the mean value in 29 normal subjects was 1. 06?0. 17. When the sera of 72 patients with GD in different clinical stages were studied, the aIgG index was positive in 83% of untreated GD patients (n = 24), in 12% of GD patients in clinical remission (n = 25) and in 82% of relapsed GD patients (n = 23). Very significant difference was observed between normal subjets and untreated and relapsed patients with GD (P

Spectral karyotyping (SKY) is a novel cytogenetic technique, has been developed to unambiguously display and identify all 24 human chromosomes at one time without a priori knowledge of any abnormalities involved. SKY discerns the aberrations that can not be detected very well by conventional banding technique and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). So SKY is hyper-accurate, hypersensitive, and hyper-intuitional. In this paper the basic principle of SKY technique and its application in leukemia cytogenetics were reviewed.
Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia ; genetics ; pathology ; Spectral Karyotyping

The influence of low tube voltage in dual source CT (DSCT) coronary artery imaging on image quality and radiation dose and its application value in clinical practice were investigated. Totally, 300 cases of chest pain with low body mass index (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2)) subjected to DSCT coronary artery imaging were prospectively enrolled. The heart rate in all patients were greater than 65/min. The retrospective ECG gated scanning mode and simple random sampling method were used to assign the patients into groups A, B and C (n=100 each). The patients in groups A, B and C experienced 120-, 100-, and 80-kV tube voltage imaging respectively, and the image quality was evaluated. The CT volume dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were recorded, and the effective dose (ED) was calculated in each group. The image quality scores and radiation doses in groups were compared, and the influence of tube voltage on image quality and radiation dose was analyzed. The results showed that the excellent rate of image quality in groups A, B and C was 95.69%, 94.72% and 96.33% respectively with the difference being not statistically significant among the three groups (P>0.05). The CTDIvol values in groups A, B and C were 51.35±12.21, 21.28±7.13 and 6.34±3.34 mGy, respectively, with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). The ED values in groups A, B and C were 9.27±1.63, 4.56±2.29 and 2.29±1.69 mSv, respectively, with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). It was suggested that for the patients with low BMI, the application of DSCT coronary artery imaging with low tube voltage can obtain satisfactory image quality, and simultaneously, significantly reduce the radiation dose.

In this study, UPLC-MS/MS was adopted to determine the contents of five ephedrine alkaloids (Norephedrine, Norpseudoephedrine, Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Methylephedrine) in plasma and urine in rats after the combined administration of Ephedrae Herba-Gypsum Fibrosum and calculate relevant pharmacokinetic parameters, in order to discuss the effect of the combined administration of Ephedrae Herba-Gypsum Fibrosum on plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion characteristics. According to the results, after being combined with Gypsum, the five ephedrine alkaloids showed similar pharmacokinetic changes, such as shortened t(max), accelerated absorption rate, but reduced AUC(0-t) and V(z)/F, which may be related to the increase in urine excretion. Besides, Gypsum was added to enhance C(max) of Pseudoephedrine and prolong MRT(0-t) of Methylephedrine, so as to enhance the anti-asthmatic effect of Ephedrae Herba and resist the toxic effect of Norephedrine and Ephedrine. This study proved the scientific compatibility of Ephedrae Herba-Gypsum Fibrosum and provided a reference for studies on the prescription compatibility regularity and relevant practices.
Alkaloids ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Animals ; Calcium Sulfate ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Ephedra ; chemistry ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urine ; chemistry

The microbial transglutamunase (MTG) gene was amplified from the genomic DNA of Streptoverticillium mobaraensea by using PCR and inserted into pET vector to construct the expression plasmid called pET-MTG. The pET-MTG was transfected into E. coli (Rosetta DE3) and the MTG protein was found to be highly expressed as inclusion bodies. The inclusion bodies were isolated and subjected to denaturation and re-naturation, followed by strong cation ion-exchange chromatography to purify the expressed MTG. The specific activity of purified MTG was close to that of native MTG. Taken together, this study might provide a base for the industrial production of microbial transglutaminase.
Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genes, Bacterial ; Inclusion Bodies ; enzymology ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Streptomycetaceae ; enzymology ; genetics ; Transglutaminases ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the autophagy activity between rat bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) neural differentiation in order to explore the mechanism involve in this process.

METHODSBMSCs were passed by 3 generation, then was induced with the revulsant 2% (DMSO) + 200 µmol/L (BHA), NSE expression was detected by immunocytochemical stain, the mRNA expression of autophagy associated genes L3B, Beclinl, Atg5, Atg7, Atg10 were detected by RT-PCR, the autophagy protein LC3B was examined by Western blot and flow cytometry analysis.

RESULTSBMSCs were passed by 3 generation, the purity of BMSCs could reach more than 90%, the morphology of cells were like fibroblasts, after the revulsant 2% DMSO + 200 µmol/L BRA induced, cells were extended long neurites, like nerve cells, positive rate of NSE staining was (83±5) %, RT-PCR results showed that the expression of autophagy associated genes LC3B, Beclinl, Atg5, Atg7 Atg0 were rised after BMSCs neural differentiation, Western blot analysis showed that the LC3B-II protein expression was increased after neural differentiation and the MFI of L3B was highten by flow cytometry.

CONCLUSIONAutophagy is increased after rat BMSC neural differentiation.

Animals ; Autophagy ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Neurons ; cytology ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo investigate the toxicological mechanism of microcystin-LR (MCLR) on L-02 cells.

METHODSL-02 cells was treated with MCLR at different concentrations and the subsequent changes such as cell proliferation (MTT assay), morphology, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related gene expression were examined.

RESULTSMTT assay showed that MCLR mildly inhibited the cell growth within the initial 24 h of treatment but enhanced the cell viability after that till 60 h in a time- and dose-dependent manner. LDH leakage underwent no marked changes in response to 48-hour MCLR treatment but increased upon prolonged treatment for 60 h, indicating the presence of oxidative damage. After a 48-h treatment with MCLR at 50 microg/ml, obvious apoptosis of L-02 cells occurred as manifested by cell rounding, detachment from the substrate, cell shrinkage and membrane blebbing. The apoptosis rates were rather low (between 22% and 29%) after treatment with MCLR at different concentrations for 36 h, and increased to as much as 80% after a 60-h treatment with 50 microg/ml MCLR. The expressions of p53 and bcl-2 increased in the cells after treatment with high-concentration MCLR, suggesting that MCLR up-regulated the expression levels of the two proteins.

CONCLUSIONMCLR can induce apoptosis and up-regulate p53 and bcl-2 expressions in human normal liver cell line L-02.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; Microcystins ; toxicity ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To explore the role of NF-kB activation on spontaneous formation of germinal centers in spleen in BXSB mice and it's mechanisms.Methods Eighteen BXSB mice were divided to control group and pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate(PDTC)group randomly.PDTC group was given PDTC 120 mg/kg?BW ip every other day and control group was given the same dose of dissolving solution.NF-kB activity was deter- mined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Two color flow cytometry were used to detect CD154 expression on splenic B cells and germinal center B cells apoptosis.Germinal centers were stained for histochemical analysis.Results PDTC could inhibit the NF-kB activity in spleen tissue in BXSB mice.It decreased the NF-kB activity by 62.82%.Spontaneous germinal center formation was detected in spleen in BXSB mice.In- hibiting NF-KB activation could down-regulate CD154 expression on splenic B cell,retard spontaneous germi- nal center formation and increase germinal center B cell apoptosis.Conclusion NF-kB activation may induce spontaneous germinal center formation in spleen in BXSB mice by upregulating CD154 expression on splenic B cell and decreasing germinal center B cell apoptosis.The autoreactive B cells generated during spontaneous germinal center formation may escape apoptosis and then differentiate to autoantibody-producing plasm cells.It suggests that NF-kB can be a therapeutic target.