Advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for all NSCLC 45% . In recent years,chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy has become a new standard for NSCLC. On NSCLC radiothera-py and chemotherapy(CRCT),radiation total dose,fractionation method,different chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy have many details in the efficiency and toxicity tolerance,which are still in the exploration.

Phyllosphere and epiphytes have attracted significant interest of more and more researchers by their unique biological characteristics. Progress of research on phyllosphere and epiphytes was summarized in this paper, and the special emphasis was put on the characteristic of phyllosphere, microbial communities, invasion and the location of bacteria on leaf surfaces. Some ideas for further studies on phyllosphere microbes were also proposed.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of PSF1 (partner of Sld five 1) in colon cancer specimens, and to explore the effect of RNA interference targeting PSF1 on the proliferation of colon cancer cells and its mechanism.

METHODSExpression level of PSF1 protein in colon cancer specimens was detected by Western blot in 40 patients with colon cancer from May 2004 to December 2006. The short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmid targeting PSF1 was transfected into LOVO, HT-29 and HCT116 cells with liposome, then the expression level of PSF1 protein was measured by Western blot, the effect of PSF1 shRNA plasmid transfection on cell proliferation by MTT assay, anchorage-independent growth by soft agar colomy-formation assay, and PSF2, PSF3 and SLD5 mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSThe relative expression level of PSF1 protein in colon cancer tissues was 0.485±0.113, which was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal mucosa tissues (0.056±0.014, P<0.01). Western blot showed that the expression level of PSF1 protein was significantly decreased in colon cancer cells transfected with PSF1 shRNA plasmid. After PSF1 shRNA plasmid transfection, cell proliferation was significantly suppressed, the soft agar colony-forming rates of LOVO, HT-29 and HCT116 cells were significantly lower than those in control groups (P<0.05), meanwhile the expression levels of PSF2, PSF3 and SLD5 mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPSF1 is significantly up-regulated in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal mucosa tissues. ShRNA plasmid targeting PSF1 can inhibit the expression of PSF1 gene, suppress the proliferation of colon cancer cells, suggesting that it may be a new therapeutic target for colon cancer.

ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

Background and purpose:Multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) is a rare entity, but recently there has been a gradual increase in the number of patients diagnosed with MPLC. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of MPLC through analyzing the clinical data.Methods:Forty-one patients were diagnosed MPLC by Martini-Melamed criteria. Their clinicopathological data were retrospectively reviewed. Results:There were 3 patients with triple primary lung cancer and 38 patients with double primary lung cancer. There were 13 patients with synchronous MPLC, 26 patients with metachronous MPLC, 2 patients with synchronous and metachronous MPLC. Of 85 lesions, the surgical procedures were mainly lobectomy (78.8%, 67/85). Lesions (41.2%, 35/85) were frequently in right upper lobe. Pathological type was mainly adenocarcinoma (70.6%, 60/85),followed by squamous cell carcinoma (17.6%, 15/85). Of 60 adenocarcinoma specimens, the papillary predominant subtype was more common (50%, 30/60). Eighty percent (68/85) of the lesions were stage I. As to the initial cancer and repeated cancer, patients who shared the same pathological type (68.3%, 28/41) were more than the different (31.7%, 13/41), of which adenocarcinoma-adenocarcinoma was most common(82.1%, 23/28). Lesions located in contralateral lobes were in 37 patients (90.2%), and located in ipsilateral different lobes were in 4 patients (9.8%). The 2-year overall survival (OS) of them was 87.8%. Survival analysis showed that the prognosis of patients with same pathological type was better than patients with different pathological type (P=0.037), the prognosis of patients with no lymph node metastasis was better than patients with N1,N2 metastasis (P=0.02).Conclusion:Lesions in patients with multiple primary lung cancers are more frequently in the right upper lobes. The pathology type is mainly adenocarcinoma, of which the papillary predominant subtype was most common. Early diagnosis improves continuously, active treatment with operation can achieve better prognosis.

A protocol for the isolation, purification and culture of motor neurons from newborn rat spinal cord was described and the effect of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the growth of neurite of motor neurons was investigated in vitro. Spinal motor neurons (SMNs) were dissociated from ventral spinal cord of postnatal day 1 rats. The culture system for SMNs was established by density gradient centrifugation, differential adhesion, and use of serum-free defined media and addition of exogenous GDNF. After 72-h culture, the cells displayed the characteristic morphology of motor neurons, exhibited extensive neuritic processes and were positive for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression. The neurite length of SMNs in GDNF groups was significantly longer than that in control group (P<0.05). This protocol can be adapted for various postnatal motor neurons studies.

Objective To obtain colon cancer spheroid cells from human colon cancer cell lines cultured in serum-free medium (SFM),and investigate the proliferative and migratory properties of colon cancer spheroid cells.Methods Human colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 were cultured in SFM,and then the generation of spheroid cells was observed.The expression of stem cell surface marker CD133 was detected by flow cytometry,and the proliferative and migratory properties of colon cancer spheroid cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 and Transwell migration assay,respectively.All data were analyzed by using the t test.Results Spheroid cells were obtained from colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 in SFM.The ratios of spheroid cells with positive expression of CD133 generated by HCT116 and HT29 were 75.44％ ± 11.41％ and 76.22％ ± 14.23％,respectively.Compared with original colon cancer cells cultured in serum supplemented medium,the number of HCT116 and HT29 spheroid cells with positive expression of CD133 was significantly greater (t =11.43,9.17,P ＜ 0.05 ),and the proliferative and migratory abilities were much stronger also.Conclusion Colon cancer spheroid cells cultured in SFM have higher positive expression of CD133 and stronger proliferative and migratory abilities,and it can be utilized as a feasible model for further studies of colonic stem cells.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among primary and middle school students living in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide insights into comprehensive hypertension control among children and adolescents. Methods: Primary and middle school students at ages of 7 to 17 years were recruited for a questionnaire survey in Suzhou City using the stratified cluster random sampling method from September to December, 2020, and the height and body weight were measured. Blood pressure was measured at three separate clinic visits according to the national criteria Reference of Screening for Elevated Blood Pressure among Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years ( WS/T 610-2018 ), and the detection of elevated blood pressure was estimated at three separate visits. In addition, factors affecting elevated blood pressure were identified. Results: A total of 3 713 students were enrolled, including 1 924 boys ( 51.82% ) and 1 789 girls ( 48.18% ). The detection of elevated blood pressure was 13.63%, 5.36%, and 3.37% at three separate visits, respectively, and the prevalence of hypertension ( elevated blood pressure at all three visits ) was 3.37%. The detection rates of elevated blood pressure were all higher at three visits ( 16.90%, 8.40%, and 5.26% ) among students at ages of 12 to 17 years than among students at ages of 7 to 11 years ( 9.65%, 1.67%, and 1.07%, P<0.05 ). The detection of elevated blood pressure was significantly higher in boys ( 15.23% ) than in girls (11.91%) at the first visit ( P<0.05 ), while no significant differences were seen at the second or third visit ( P>0.05 ). In addition, higher detection rates of elevated blood pressure were seen in obese ( 27.62%, 11.51%, and 7.06% ) and overweight students ( 17.45%, 6.95%, and 4.85% ) than in students with normal weight ( 9.44%, 3.54%, and 2.15% ) at all three visits, and greater detection rates of elevated blood pressure were found in obese students than in overweight students at the first and second visits ( P<0.017 ). Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension was 3.37% based on three separate visits among primary and middle school students in Suzhou City. Measurement of blood pressure at three separate visits within different days is effective to reduce the false positive rate of hypertension and decrease misdiagnosis among children and adolescents.

Objective To investigate the expression of the HER-2 in human breast carcinomas by comparing the concordance between IHC staining and FISH, and analyze the relationship between the gene expression of HER-2/neu and clinical characteristics of patients. Methods A prospective clinical trial was performed involving a large multicenter patients' samples. Totally 3 249 breast cancer samples were collected from October 2007 to September 2009 in 73 hospitals across mainland China. HER-2 status was assessed by both IHC and FISH using formalin-fixed paraffin sections of consecutive tumor samples. The relationship between the expression of HER-2/neu gene and clinical parameters was analyzed using statistical methods. Results HER-2/neu was detected by FISH in 42.6% (1342/3149) of cases, whereas IHC analysis found 46. 9% (1477/3149) of cases to be HER-2/neu positive (2 +/3 + ). A higher concordance was observed in 94. 1% (892/948) of the patients with scores of 3 + and 89. 9% (660/734) with scores of 0 + by IHC, but relatively low concordance was also observed in 71. 0% (514/725) of patients with scores of 1 + and 55. 9% (415/742) in scores of 2 + by IHC. HER-2/neu gene amplification was associated with negativity of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (r = 0. 45, P < 0.01) , high histological grade ( r = 0. 51,P<0.01), more than 4 positive lymph nodes (r =0. 35, P<0.01), advanced stage (r=0. 33, P< 0. 01) , large tumor size ( > 2 cm, r = 0. 38, P < 0. 01 ) , postmenopause (r = 0. 24, P < 0. 01). No statistically significant relationship was found between HER-2 gene status and the other variables including age(r=0.36, P = 0.068), CA125 (r=0.11, P=0.722) or CA153 (r = 0. 23, P=0.45) protein status, lymph node involvement (r=0. 15, P =0. 18), CEA (r = 0.22, P=0.074) , number stage of tumor (r = 0. 21, P = 0.056 ) and blood vessel invasion (r = 0. 12, P = 0. 133 ). Conclusions The comparison of IHC and FISH demonstrated an excellent correlation of HER-2/neu overexpression and gene amplification. The results availabledemonstrate that FISH-analysis as a gold standard should be performed to guide reasonable clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the role of NF-kB activation on spontaneous formation of germinal centers in spleen in BXSB mice and it's mechanisms.Methods Eighteen BXSB mice were divided to control group and pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate(PDTC)group randomly.PDTC group was given PDTC 120 mg/kg?BW ip every other day and control group was given the same dose of dissolving solution.NF-kB activity was deter- mined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Two color flow cytometry were used to detect CD154 expression on splenic B cells and germinal center B cells apoptosis.Germinal centers were stained for histochemical analysis.Results PDTC could inhibit the NF-kB activity in spleen tissue in BXSB mice.It decreased the NF-kB activity by 62.82%.Spontaneous germinal center formation was detected in spleen in BXSB mice.In- hibiting NF-KB activation could down-regulate CD154 expression on splenic B cell,retard spontaneous germi- nal center formation and increase germinal center B cell apoptosis.Conclusion NF-kB activation may induce spontaneous germinal center formation in spleen in BXSB mice by upregulating CD154 expression on splenic B cell and decreasing germinal center B cell apoptosis.The autoreactive B cells generated during spontaneous germinal center formation may escape apoptosis and then differentiate to autoantibody-producing plasm cells.It suggests that NF-kB can be a therapeutic target.