ObjectiveTo explore the effect of radiation dose on survival for stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic three-dimensional radiotherapy (CCTTRT).Methods From Jan.2003 to Jul.2010,201 Stage Ⅳ NSCLC patients were enrolled.Nineteen patients who received only one cycle chemotherapy were not included in survival analysis.Of the 182 patients eligible for survival analysis,all patients received platinum-based chemotherapy of two drugs.The median number of cycles was 4.The median dose to planning target volume of primary tumor ( DTPTV )was 63 Gy. Survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Logrank. Cox regression models were used to examine the effect of DTPTV on overall survival.ResultsThe follow-up rate of 201 patients was 97.5％.with 201,170 and 134 patients finished ＜ 1,1 -2 and ≥3 years' follow-up.The 1-,2-,3-year overall survival rate and median survival time was 20％,14％,0％ and 7.1 months;27％,10％,3％ and 9.6 months;and 59％,22％,16％ and 14.9 months,respectively for patients treated with DTPTV ＜ 45.0 Gy,45.0 - 62.1 Gy and ≥63.0 Gy,respectively ( χ2 =27.88,P =0.000 ) ;43％,19％,0％and 1 1 months and 2 0 ％,1 1％,5 ％ and 8 months,respectively for those received 2 - 3 cycles of chemotherapy and radiation dose ≥63 Gy and ＜ 63 Gy,respectively (χ2 =2.99,P =0.084) ;66％,23％,19％ and 16 months and 29％,12％,0％ and 8.8 months,respectively for those received 4 - 5 cycles chemotherapy and radiation dose ≥ 63 Gy and ＜ 63 Gy,respectively (χ2=15.87,P=0.000).No significant difference was found for patients received 2 - 3 cycles chemotherapy concurrently with DTP,Tv ≥63 Gy and 4 -5 cycles chemotherapy concurrently with DTPTV ＜63 Gy,respectively (χ2 =1.93,P =0.165).Multivariate analysis showed that 4 -5 cycles chemotherapy concurrently with DTPTv ≥63 Gy ( β =0.243,P =0.019),and improved KPS after treatment ( β =1.268,P =0.000) were independent favorable factors for survival.ConclusionChemotherapy concurrent with CCTTRT can prolong survival time of patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC,especially for those treated with DTPTV ≥63 Gy.

Objective To prospectively evaluate the survival of different metastasis organs with concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic three-dimensional radiotherapy (CCTTRT) for stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Two hundred and one patients of stage Ⅳ NSCLC were enrolled from January,2003 to July,2010.Of the 182 patients eligible for analysis,The number of patients with single-organ metastasis or multiple-organ metastasis was 107 and 75,respectively.Patients were treated by platinum-based chemotherapy,the median number of cycle was 4.The median dose to planning target volume of primary tumor (DTPTv) was 63 Gy.Survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Logrank.Results The follow-up rate of 201 patients was 97.5％.with 201,170 and 134 patients finished ＜ 1,1 -2 and ≥3 years'follow up.Of 182 patients,the 1-,2-,and 3-year overall survival (OS) rate and median survival time (MST) was 41.0％,17.0％,10.0％ and 10.5 months,respectively ;with single-organ metastasis and multi-organ metastasis were 50％,20％,14％ and 13 months and 29％,12％,0％ and 8.5 months ( x2 =10.10,P =0.001 ),respectively; compared with multi-organ metastasis,the 1-,2-,and 3-year OS arte and MST of patients with bone,lung metastasis only was 58％,25％,16％ and 14 months (x2 =10.42,P=0.001 ) and 49％,21％,21％ and 11 months (x2 =6.39,P=0.011 ) respectively;patients with brain metastasis only did not show advantage of survival comparing with patients with multi-organ metastasis (49％,8％,0％ and 12 months and 29％,12％,0％ and 8 months,respectively;x2 =0.71,P =0.401 ) ;the 1-,2-,and 3-year OS rate and MST was 63％,23％,19％ and 15 months and 42％,15％,0％ and 10 months,respectively for patients with single-organ metastasis and multi-organ metastasis patients who accepted 4 - 5 cycles of chemotherapy ( x2 =6.47,P =0.011 ) ; for patients under the same metastasis and 4 - 5 cycles of chemotherapy,no matter whether single-organ or multiple-organ metastases,the 1 -,2-,3-year OS rate and MST of patients with enough radiotherapy on DTPTV ≥63 Gy were better than patients without enough radiotherapy ( DTPTV ＜ 63 Gy ) ( 71％,25 ％,25％ and 16.8 months and 33％,17％,0％ and 10.5 months,respectively;x2 ＝4.73,P =0.030 ;54％,21％,0％ and 14.3 months and 29％,10％,0％ and 7.6 months,respectively,x2 =8.16,P =0.004).The MST of liver metastases was 6 months,there was significantly difference when comparing with non liver matastasis ( x2 =17.21,P =0.000).Conclusions It is very important to treat stage Ⅳ NSCLC with CCTTRT,especially patients with single-organ metastasis.Liver metastases is a unfavorable prognostic factor.

Objective To evaluate the overall survival and safety among patients for stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic three-dimensional radiotherapy (CCTTRT).Methods From Jan.2003 to July 2010,201 patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC were included.All patients were treated with CCTTRT.Those patients who received only one cycle chemotherapy were not included in survival analysis,but analysis of toxicity.One hundred and eighty-two patients were eligible for survival analysis.All patients received platinum-based two-drug chemotherapy.The median number of cycles was 4.The median dose to planning target volume of primary tumor ( DTPTV ) was 63 Gy.Treatment-related gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity were scored according to WHO criteria.Radiation-related pneumonitis and esophagitis were evaluated according to the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTC) version 3.0.Survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Logrank.Cox regression model was used to examine the effect of CCTTRT on overall survival.Results The follow-up rate of 201 patients was 97.5％.with 201,170 and 134 patients finished ＜ 1,1 -2 and ≥3 years' follow-up,respectively.Of the 182 patients eligible for survival analysis,further stratified analysis showed that the 1-,2-and 3-year overall survival rate and median survival time (MST) was 54％,20％,13％ and 14.3 months,respectively for patients treated with concurrent 4 -5 cycles chemotherapy and CCTTRT,and 66％,23％,19％ and 16.1 months,respectively for those treated with 4 -5 cycles chemotherapy and DTPTV ≥ 63 Gy.Under similar chemoradiotherapy intensity,the MST of patients with single organ metastasis was significantly longer than that with multiple organ metastases ( 13.0 months versus 8.5 months,x2 =10.10,P =0.001 ).For patients eligible for survival analysis and received 4 - 5 cycles of systemic chemotherapy,MST of patients treated with DTPTV≥63 Gy was significantly longer than those treated with DTPTV ＜63 Gy[14.9 months vs.8.4 months (x2 ＝20.48,P =0.000) and 16.1 months vs.8.8 months ( x2 =11.75,P =0.001 )].For patients with single organ metastasis,MST was 16 months for those treated with DTPTV ≥63 Gy and 9 months for those with DTPTV ＜63 Gy (x2 =10.51,P=0.000) ;for patients with multiple organ metastasis,it was 11 months and 7 months,respectively ( x2 =7.90,P =0.005 ).Multivariate analysis showed that concurrent 4 - 5 cycles chemotherapy and DTPTV ≥63 Gy (β =0.243,P=0.019) and improved KPS (β =1.268,P=0.000) were independent factors for survival.For the whole group,45％ patients had Grade 2 -3 gastrointestinal toxicity,35.0％ grade 3- 4 leukopenia,18％ grade 3- 4 thrombocytopenia.15.0％ grade 3- 4 anemia,9.5％ Grade 2 - 3 radiation pneumonia and 13.4％ radiation esophagitis,respectively.Conclusions For stage Ⅳ NSCLC,CCTTRT can prolong survival time with acceptable toxicity.Radiotherapy to thoracic primary tumor should be under consideration.

ObjectiveTo prospectively investigate the impact of short-time response on survival of concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic three-dimensional radiotherapy (CCTTRT) for stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods From Jan.2003 to Oct.2010,201 patients with pathologically or cytologically proven stage Ⅳ NSCLC were included.All patients received platinum-based chemotherapy.Of the 167 patients eligible for analysis,the median number of chemotherapy were 4 cycles.The median dose for planning target volume (PTV) of thoracic primary tumor was 63 Gy.Response was scored according to WHO criteria. Survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Logrank. Cox regression model were used to examine the effect of response on overall survival.ResultsThe follow-up rate of 201 patients was 97.5％.with 201,170 and 134 patients finished ＜ 1,1 -2 and ≥3 years' follow-up.For the 167 patients eligible for analysis,the CR,PR,NC and PD rate of primary tumor was 5.4％,65.9％,21.0％ and 7.7％,respectively.The effective group ( CR + PR) and ineffective group ( NC + PD) was 71.3％ and 28.7％,respectively.The median survival time (MST) for patients with CR,PR,NC and PD was 22.6,13.4,8.8 and 4.8 months,respectively ( χ2 =44.79,P =0.000).The MST for effective and ineffective group was 13.9 and 7.6 months,respectively in the whole group ( χ2 =8.3 0,P =0.004 ),12.1months and 7.3 months in those treated with 2 - 3 cycles chemotherapy ( χ2 =7.71,P =0.007 ),and 13.9months and 7.9 months in those treated with 2 -5 cycles chemotherapy and radiation dose to PTV ≥36 Gy ( χ2 =4.00,P =0.045 ).No significant MST difference was detected between patients of effective group and ineffective group treated with 4 -5 cycles chemotherapy ( χ2 =0.67,P =0.413),or those treated with 4 -5 cycles of chemotherapy and radiation dose to primary lesion ≥36 Gy (χ2 =0.00,P =0.956).Multivariate analysis showed that 4-5 cycles of chemotherapy and CR and PR achieved in primary tumor (β =0.182,P=0.041 ) were independent favorable factors for survival. Conclusion CCTTRT can improve local control,and prolong the survival time for Stage Ⅳ NSCLC.

Objective Acute pancreatitis exhibits different clinical and ultrasonic features in patients complicated with acute acalculous cholecystitis ( AAC) at different stages .The aim of this study was to analyze the ultrasonic characteristics of acute pancreati-tis complicated with AAC at different stages . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 41 cases of acute pancrea-titis with moderate to severe AAC .According to whether AAC developed within or after 2 weeks of the onset of acute pancreatitis , we divided the patients into an early-stage group (n=18) and a late-stage group (n=23).We recorded the gallbladder size, gallbladder wall thickness , fluid around the gallbladder , biliary sludge deposition and the Murphy′s sign by ultrasonography , obtained AAC-related clinical and laboratory data concerning body temperature , Murphy′s sign, WBC count and C-reactive protein level , and analyzed the ultrasonic features of AAC at different stages in the acute pancreatitis patients. Results All the patients experienced a fever of >38.5℃, 38.89%with chills in the early onset group and 47.83%in the late onset group .Increases were observed in patients of the early-and late-stage groups in the WBC count ( 94.44%vs 82.61%) , the C-reactive protein level ( 100%vs 91.30%) , and the fluid volume around the gallbladder (94.44%vs 60.86%, P<0.05), but incidence rate of gallbladder wall thickening was significantly lower in the former than in the latter group (11.11%vs 78.26%, P<0.01). Conclusion AAC developing at different stages of acute pancreatitis has different ultrasonic features , with higher incidence rates of fluid around the gallbladder in the early stage and gallbladder wall thickening in the late stage.

Objective To identify clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors through a retrospective analysis of 404 colon cancer patients.Methods A total of 404 patients(209 of them were followed up with inquisition) with colon cancer were surgically treated from 1993 to 2003 and studied by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Using univariate analysis age of patients,it was found that differentiation degree of the tumors,lymphatic invasion,abdominal and distant metastases,TNM stage and adjuvant radiotherapy were associated with outcome.(2)Multivariate analysis showed that only abdominal and distant metastases and TNM stage were associated with prognosis.Conclusion Multivariate analysis proved following list are independent prognostic factors: abdominal,distant metastases and TNM stage.

The establishment of in vitro model will provide optimal conditions for the study of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer. In this study, E6 and E7 gens of HPV31 were cloned and expressed in E. coli. The recombinant proteins were purified and used as antigens to immunize mice for the production of polyclonal antibody. Mammalian expression plasmid pBudCE4. 1-HPV31-E6/E7 was also constructed and transfected into C33A cells. The transfected cells were then selected by Zeocin. The expressions of the E6 and E7 mRNAs and proteins were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. A stable cervical cancer cell line was established as an in vitro model for the study of human papillomavirus type 31(HPV31) associated cervical cancer.
Animals ; Cell Line ; virology ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 31 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus Infections ; virology ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

By reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), an open reading frame of pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1) was isolated from Panax notoginseng and named as PnPR1. Molecular and bioinformatic analyses of PnPR1 revealed that an open reading frame of 501 bp was predicted to encode a 166-amino acid protein with a deduced molecular mass of 18.1 kD. Homology analysis showed that the deduced amino acid sequence of PR1 protein of Panax notoginseng had a high similarity with other higher plants had the same conservative structure domain of cysteine-rich secretory protein (CAP). The recombinant expressed plasmid pET28a(+)-PnPR1 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The expression conditions were optimized by induction at different times, different temperatures, different IPTG concentrations and different giving times. The optimum expression condition was 0.4 mmol.L-1 IPTG at 28 degrees C for 20 h. The successful expression of PnPR1 provides some basis for protein purification and preparation of the monoclonal antibody.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Open Reading Frames ; genetics ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Alignment

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism of Compound Qidan Liquid (CQD) for intervening ventricular remodeling (VR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Chinese mini-pigs from hemodynamic and collagen metabolic views.

METHODSAMI model of Chinese mini-pigs was established by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. The model pigs were then randomly divided into the sham-operative group, the model group, the captopril group, the high and low dose of CQD (hCQD and lCQD) groups, the former two were treated with normal saline and the latter three treated with corresponding drugs by gastrogavage for 4 weeks after modeling. Blood pressure (BP), left ventricular pressure (LVP), maximum ascending velocity of left ventricular pressure (dp/dtmax), myocardial renin (MCR), angiotensin (Ang II), total collagen (TC), procollagen type III (PC III), collagen type IV (CIV), laminin (LM), serum hyaluronic acid (HyA) as well as pathologic changes in myocardium were observed.

RESULTSAs compared with in the model group, levels of BP, LVP and dp/dtmax were significantly higher, LM and Ang II were lower in the hCQD group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); LVP was higher in the lCQD group (P <0.05); LVP and dp/dtmax were higher, Ang II was lower in the captopril group (P <0.05). Besides, levels of HyA and TC were lower in all the three medicated groups (P <0.01), while the differences of PC III and CIV among groups were insignificant.

CONCLUSIONCQD has a beneficial effect in Chinese mini-pigs after AMI for increasing LVP and dp/dtmax, improving myocardial contractility and hemodynamic condition, decreasing myocardial Ang II contents, decreasing deposition of collagen so as to alleviate the pathological process of VR after AMI.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

BACKGROUND: Using bone tissue engineering methods for reconstruction of bone repair is an ideal treatment for bone defects, and it is crucial to combine biological scaffolds carrying growth factors with seed cells. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biocompatibility of rat bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) seeded onto vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) copolymer/ gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds.METHODS: Rat BMSCs were divided into five groups: blank scaffold group, BMP-2 group, VEGF group, VEGF/BMP-2 groups (1.2:1, 0.8:1, 0.4:1). In each group, the nanofibrous scaffold was placed at the bottom of the cell culture plate, and then rat BMSCs were seeded into the culture plate. Cell adhesion was observed under scanning electron microscope; cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8; and ALP, RUNX-2 and OCN expression was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the scanning electron microscope, the BMSCs adhered to the scaffold and further grew into the scaffold. The adherent cells grew best in the 0.4:1 group, in which the cells were tightly integrated with the scaffold to form a cell-scaffold complex. Compared with the blank scaffold group, the cell proliferation and expression of ALP, RUNX-2 and OCN were both higher in the other groups, which was highest in the 0.4:1 group. To conclude, the VEGF/BMP-2-loaded PLGA copolymer/gelatin nanofibrous scaffold can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs because of a good cytocompatibility. Moreover, the concentration ratio of VEGF/BMP-2 is optimized at 0.4:1.