The evolution and different functions of central health administrative organs in different historical periods of China was described in order to fill the gaps in research of their history.

Aged ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; Silicosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; complications

OBJECTTo establish a method for the content determination of zotarolimus on the drug eluting stents.

METHODSHPLC analysis was carried out with Zorbax Eclipse C8 column (4.6 x 75 mm 3.5 microm)and MPA acetate buffer solution: acetonitrile (51:49), MPB acetate buffer solution: acetonitrile (5:95) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 278 nm.

RESULTThere was a good linear relationship between the concentration of zotarolimus and the areas in the range of 5 microg/ml-75 microg/ml (r = 0.99986). The average recovery was 101.58% with RSD 0.68% (n = 6).

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, accurate and reproducible. It can be used as the quality test for zotarolimus on the drug eluting stents.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Sirolimus ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis

Objective To investigate the long-term excessive drinking semen nitric oxide (NO) content in their sperm quality and spermatogenic cell apoptosis and infertility. Methods Nitrate reductase method was used to specific reduce the NO metabolites nitrate (NO3-) to nitrite (NO2-), which was used on behalf of the total NO level. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) method and binocular optical microscope were used to detect and observe the rate of apoptosis of spermatogenic cells and the morphological structure. The SQA-V sperm quality automatic analyzer was used to measure sperm quality. Results In not drinking semen fertility group, NO content was (54.81±11.45)μmol / L, the rate of spermatogenic cell apoptosis was (4.52±1.23)%, sperm motility was (80.24±0.17)%, energy a+b (78.32±0.12)%, deformity rate (5.30±0.13)%, and long-term excessive alcohol infertility C group was [(128.83±22.73)μmol/L,(17.34±2.53)%,(51.18±0.58)%,(21.45±0.26)%,(21.12±3.24)%] respectively. Compared to a very significant difference (t＝10.04,17.38,6.69,15.59,17.02,P＜0.01) . In long-term excessive drinking group, the levels of NO and spermatogenesis cell apoptosis rate was significantly positive correlated (r＝0.93,P＜0.01).Apoptosis of spermatogenic cell nucleus chromatin was condensed in the formation of crescent-shaped perinuclear, nuclear was cleavaged to form apoptotic bodies. Conclusions In the long-term excessive drinking semen, NO content and spermatogenic cell apoptosis rate was increased, the sperm had poor quality. The results showed that the long-term excessive drinking can cause germ cell apoptosis in male infertility and promote the body to overproduce NO, whichmay be one of the reasons for male infertility.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of cannulated screws plus separate vertical wirings technique for acute fracture of the inferior pole of the patella.Methods From May 2012 to September 2013,14 patients with fresh closed unilateral fracture of the inferior pole of the patella were treated with the cannulated screws plus separate vertical wirings.Eight patients were injured in traffic collisions and 6 in fall accidents.Fracture AO classification was type 34A1 in 8 patients and type 34A2 in 6 patients.Time from injury to operation was 1-7 days (mean,2.5 days).Number of tie wires was determined according to the degree of fracture comminution.Fracture healing,fixed position and patellar length were evaluated by radiographic examination postoperatively.Knee mobility and Bostman evaluation system were investigated to analyze the clinical effect.Results All the patients obtained average 15-month follow-up (range,12 to 29 months).At postoperative 2 months,the fracture healed with good alignment of the broken bone and proper place of the internal fixation device noted on the X-ray films.At postoperative 6 and 12 months,X-ray films revealed fracture bony healing,good location of the wire internal fixation,and no apparent shortening of the patella.At the 12 months,range of knee motion was (126.0 ± 4.5) ° for flexion and (2.0 ± 1.7) ° for extension.Bostman functional score for patella fracture was (28.1 ± 1.9) points.And 12 patients were rated as excellent and 2 good,with excellence rate of 100％.Conclusion Cannulated screw fixation plus separate vertical wiring is effective to stabilize patella inferior pole fracture and has good results,indicating a recommended surgical method.

Astragalus polysaccharide has been widely used in food and medicinal industry owing to its health-promoting properties. In order to characterize better the relationship among molecular weight, structure-activity and activities, a simple method was used different concentration of ethanol including 30% (PW30), 50% (PW50), 70% (PW70), 75% (PW75), 80% (PW80) and 90% (PW90) to precipitate Astragalus polysaccharides into different molecular weight. As a result, PW90 showed smooth surface and the strongest antioxidant activity among these six fractions (P < 0.05). In conclusion, graded ethanol precipitation was a simple method to separate Astragalus polysaccharides into different molecular weight with different antioxidant activity fractions.
Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Chemical Precipitation ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Abstract: Nitrobenzene compounds (NBCs) are widely used in the world. It has 40 isomers such as nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene and nitrotoluene, that are highly toxic and difficult to degrade and can cause harm to human health in different degrees. At pres⁃ ent, there is no unified standard method and occupational exposure limit for the detection of NBCs in the air. In terms of sampling medium, solid adsorption tube is mostly used for trapping vapor state NBCs, and filter membrane and solid adsorption tube are mostly used in series for sampling coexist NBCs in vapor state and aerosol state. In the detection methods, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography are common, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy, ion migration spectrometry and some other rapid response methods and technologies are also used in the detection of NBCs. In the detection of NBCs by gas chro⁃ matography, capillary column separation is commonly used, and the main detectors are flame ionization detector, electron capture detector and mass spectrometry detector. It is of practical significance to establish a method with high sensitivity, strong practica⁃ bility, convenient operation, and can simultaneously collect and detect a variety of NBCs in different states.

Objective To perform laboratory detection and molecular traceability analysis on a case of imported kala-azar in Shenzhen to determine the infection strain. Methods Bone marrow puncture fluid and blood samples from a case of kala-azar in Shenzhen were collected for laboratory tests. The patient's bone marrow puncture fluid smears were stained with Giemsa and examined under a microscope. Blood samples were examined for antibodies using the rk39 visceral leishmania rapid diagnostic reagent. Whole blood DNA was extracted, and the ITS-1 sequence was amplified by PCR, sequenced and aligned, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the ITS-1 sequence. Results Microscopic examination of the patient's bone marrow smears revealed a large number of Leishmania amastigotes without flagella, confirming the diagnosis of kala-azar. The patient's blood was tested positive with the rk39 rapid diagnostic reagent, and PCR amplification yielded an ITS-1 gene product sequence that matched the expected size. Sequence alignment with the NCBI database showed 100% sequence similarity with the ITS-1 gene sequence of Leishmania infantum, confirming the infecting strain as Leishmania infantum. Phylogenetic tree construction of the amplified ITS-1 sequence revealed clustering into a clade with Leishmania infantum , and close to KC347299, one of the reference sequence selected. Conclusions The case of kala-azar in Shenzhen was caused by Leishmania infantum. Kala-azar still occurs in China, so the diagnostic technology of medical personnel in non-epidemic areas should be strengthened so that they can actively use new diagnostic technologies to assist in diagnosis, thus improving their prevention and control ability of Leishmania parasites.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate therapeutic effect of acupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10) on infantile malnutrition.

METHODSMulticentral, randomized, controlled and single blind test was adopted. 222 infants of malnutrition were divided into an acupuncture group (n=110) and a medicine group (n=112). The acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Sifeng (EX-UE 10), once each week, for 4 times; and the medicine group were treated with oral administration of Yiqi Jianpi Oral Liquid, twice each day, one ample each time, for 4 weeks. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by improvement of symptoms and signs in the syndrome cumulative score scale, and changes of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), pre-albumin (PA), hemoglobin and red-cell count.

RESULTSTwo hundred and twenty-two cases were enrolled in the 4 centers and 212 cases completed the test. The acupuncture group in improvement of appetite, body weight, subcutaneous fat thickness of the abdomen, etc. were superior to the medicine group (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in improvement of the body height. There was no significant increase of serum IGF-I level in the two groups, and the acupuncture group in increase of PA was superior to the medicine group (P < 0.05). After treatment, hemoglobin and red-cell count increased significantly in the treatment group (P < 0.01), and hemoglobin increased significantly in the medicine group.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10) has obvious therapeutic effect on infantile malnutrition.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Appetite ; Humans ; Infant Nutrition Disorders ; Single-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVESTo explore the changes of hepatic gene expression during the course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development in rats.

METHODSA rat model of NAFLD was developed by feeding the animals a high-fat diet for 24 weeks. Liver tissues of the model rats and the control rats were analyzed at different time points using rat U230A (Affymetrix GeneChip), which covers 15650 genes.

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, the number of genes expressed differently in the model group rats at 4 and 8 weeks was 426 and 540. The up-regulated genes among them were intracellular phosphorylase genes, metabolic enzyme genes, fatty acid binding protein genes, cytochrome P450 genes, cellular transcription and differentiation genes. The down-regulated genes were ionic channel genes, hormone receptor genes, and cytoskeleton genes. At the 12th week, the number of the genes expressed differently was 501, in which 352 were up-regulated genes, including genes related to inflammation and apoptosis such as interleukin and Toll-like receptor 4. At the 16th week, the number of the differently expressed genes was 665, with 430 up-regulated, such as those related to the inflammation and apoptosis genes and collagen I and fibrosis genes, however cell regeneration genes were down-regulated. At the 24th week the number was 663, of which fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor and insulin-like growth factor genes were up-regulated. Of all the differently expressed genes, the number of up-regulated genes was 128, including 10 lipogenic genes, 46 metabolic genes, 15 inflammation genes, 10 apoptosis genes, and 16 fibrosis genes; and the down-regulated genes were 52, including 6 hormone receptor genes, 5 cell regeneration genes and 11 electron transport genes.

CONCLUSIONThe changes of the hepatic gene expression of rats fed a fat-rich diet are related to the duration of the feeding, and are correlated with their histopathology in the livers.

Animals ; Dietary Fats ; Fatty Liver ; etiology ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Liver ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley