Esthetic is one of the prime goal of the orthodontic treatment. The upper incisor position in important because it is decisive in balanced smile. This study was attempted to obtain the standards and equations on the esthetic upper incisor position. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 66 Korean young adult females who were candidates of Miss Korea Beauty Contest were traced, measured and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows ; 1. The mean and standard deviation of the measurement for upper incisor position were obtained in the Korean Beauty. 2. Among the measurements of the axis of upper incisor, 1 to SN and 1 to FH were high1y correlated with FH-MP, ANB, FH-N Pag, Y-axis, but 1 to SN (Is-Pr) to present axial inclination of labial surface of upper Incisor didn't have any correlation with the measurements for dentofacial pattern. 3. Among the measurements for the vertical position of upper incisor, 1 to stom had low correlation with to measurements for dentofacial pattern and 1 to PP(mm) was highly correlated with the measurements for facial growth direction. 4. Sixteen multiple regression equations were established to predict upper incisor position balancing with dentofacial pattern. 5. It does not have much power of persuasion to predict esthetic upper incisor position from the measurements for dentofacial pattern.
Adult* ; Beauty ; Female* ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Korea ; Persuasive Communication ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The aim of this presentation is to analyze the factors influencing on retrograde insertion of double-J catheter in urethral obstruction due to malignancy and to predict the possibility of stunting with double-J catheter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 43 patients who had underwent retrograde double-J catheter insertion for urethral obstruction secondary to pelvic malignancy, from January 1993 to April 1997, was performed to evaluate the success rates of double-J ureteral stenting according to the factors such as age, sex, presence or absence of flank pain, degree of hydronephrosis, renal function, stage of tumor, laterality of ureter, past history of radiotherapy, operation and chemotherapy. RESULTS: According to the degree of hydronephrosis, the success rate was 100, 73.7 and 50% in grade I II and III, respectively(p<0.05). According to the renal function, the success rate was 81.3% in the group with normal renal function and 45.5% in the group with abnormal venal function(p<0.05) According to the stage of disease, the success rate was 100, 70.7 and 58.3% in stage I, II and III, respectively. According to the absence or presence of flank pain, the success rate was 56.3% in the group with flank pain and 81.5% in the group without flank pain. According to the past history of radiotherapy, the success rate was 65.6% in the group treated with radiotherapy and 90.9% in the group not treated with radiotherapy. The age, sex, laterality of ureter, past history of operation and chemotherapy were not significantly correlated to the success rates. CONCLUSIONS: The factors influencing on double-J ureteral slanting were the degree of hydronephrosis, renal function, absence or presence of flank pain, stage of disease and past history of radiotherapy Further study will be needed to demonstrate the accurate timing of urethral stenting with doublets ureteral catheter.
Catheters* ; Drug Therapy ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urethral Obstruction ; Urinary Catheters

Two cases of Bleeding Meckel's Diverticulum Using (99m)Technetium-Pertechnetate Scanning are presented. (99m)TC-pertechnetate was used in the diagnosis of Meckel's Diverticulum by Jewette et al in 1970 for the first time. The affinity of this isotope for the parietal cell of the gastric mucosa makes it ideal for delincating ectopic gastric tissue. It noninvasiveness can be used in early screening test of occult gastrointestinal bleeding in pediatric age group.
Diagnosis* ; Gastric Mucosa ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Meckel Diverticulum* ; Rabeprazole ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m*

Portal vein anomalies include absence, duplication, and malposition (preduodenal portal vein). Duplication of the portal vein or a preduodenal portal vein are hazards at the time of biliary or duodenal surgery, or liver transplantation. Preduodenal portal vein, which was first reported by knight in 1921, is extremely rare congenital anomaly and may cause duodenal obstruction. Recently, we experienced a case of preduodenal portal vein associated with dextrocardia, situs inversus, and duodenal obstruction in a 3 days old male newborn and report with review of the references.
Dextrocardia ; Duodenal Obstruction* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Portal Vein* ; Situs Inversus

No abstract available.
Hearing* ; Humans ; Tinnitus*

Scapular fractures are being seen with increasing frequency in our mechanized society, specially in patients who have multiple injuries. Most of the scapular fractures have been treated non-operatively, with early mobilization of the shoulder. The result of such functional treatment have been predictably good. However, this non-operative approach may not yield such good results in patients who have a fracture of the scapular neck in association with the ipsilateral clavicular fracture or other double disruptions of the superior shoulder suspensory complex. Ipsilateral fractures of the scapular neck and clavicle disrupt the suspensory mechanism of the shoulder resulting in fuctional loss and deformity. From January 1989 to June 1995, twelve patients were identified with this specific pattern of injury. The follow up period was 39.2 months in average. Seven patients were treated operatively using 3.5mm DCP or reconstruction plate, and five patients were performed K-wire fixation or wiring. Upon review all were healed radiographically. According to the scoring system of Rowe, five patients had an excellent fuctional result, five had a good result, and two had a fare result. The average score for the twelve patients was 85 points. The results of our retrospective study show that operative treatment for these complex fractures is safe and that functional recovery is predictably good.
Clavicle* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multiple Trauma ; Neck* ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder

Ipsilateral fractures of the femoral neck and shaft represent many difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. The femoral neck fracture of this injury is commonly missed on initial evaluation. The overlooked femoral neck fracture may lead to higher risk of complications such as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, nonunion and coax vara. The authors reviewed nine cases of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fracture treated in our clinic from September 1989 to May 1995, and average follow-up period was 33 months(range, 12 to 101 months). The results obtained were as follows : 1. The most common cause of injury was traffic accident, and three femoral neck fractures were missed initially. 2. The most common site of femoral neck fractures was basicervical in 7 cases, and that of shaft fracture was middle 1/3 shaft in 5 cases. 3. The most common associated injury was ipsilateral knee injury(6 cases). 4. Five cases were treated with femoral reconstruction nail, two with multiple neck-pinning and retrograde interlocking IM nail, one with multiple screws for neck fracture and long dynamic compression plate for shaft fracture, and the other, multiple neck-pinning and antegrade interlocking IM nail. 5. The complications were a refracture of the shaft after removal of interlocking nail and a delayed union of shaft fracture which had been treated by reconstruction nailing. Coxa vara, delayed union and metal loosening were found in femoral neck fracture site, but all that were clinically acceptable. In conclusion, the fracture of femoral neck should be kept in mind not to be lost in case of high velocity-femoral shaft fracture, and if found, it should be treated with anatomical and rigid internal fixation in femoral neck fracture having first priority. Recently reconstruction nail for the treatment of these fractures was widely used, but that is technically difficult and might destroy the neck fracture during shaft fracture fixation. We recommend retrograde interlocking nail followed by multiple neckpinning might be safe and stable fixation for the ipsilateral neck and shaft fracture.
Accidents, Traffic ; Coxa Vara ; Diagnosis ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Head ; Knee ; Neck ; Necrosis

PURPOSE: Urinary incontinence remains the most feared long-term complication following radical prostatectomy with potentially devastating psychosocial consequences. In recent years, several surgical techniques have been introduced during radical prostatectomy, both open and laparoscopic/robotic, in the hope of improving urinary continence outcomes. Herein, we review the various surgical modifications that have shown a benefit in minimizing post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive review of the current urologic literature was conducted to identify surgical techniques that have been correlated with improved continence following radical prostatectomy. RESULTS: Over the years, several surgical modifications have been incorporated into radical prostatectomy in order to minimize the risk of prolonged PPI. Most techniques emphasize the importance of restoring the "normal" pelvic anatomy after removal of the prostate gland. In addition, certain patient factors such as preoperative posterior urethral length and patient age appear to have an independent prognostic value in predicting PPI. Postoperatively, bladder neck contracture remains the most consistent complication leading to PPI. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that the risk of PPI can be minimized, or even eliminated, through careful patient selection and surgical modifications during radical prostatectomy.
Contracture ; Humans ; Neck ; Patient Selection ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare lung tumor resembling fetal lung tissue. Pathologically the tumor can be classified to 2 groups, well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma(WDFA) and biphasic blastoma. WDFA has more favorable prognosis with fewer metastasis at initial presentation and fewer recurrence after treatment. We experienced a case of pulmonary blastoma in 32-year-old female patient. The patient was referred to our hospital because of abnormal mass shadow in right middle lobe. The diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma(WDFA type, Stage I T2NOMO) was confirmed after right middle lobectomy. We followed up 22 months without an evidence of recurrence.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Blastoma* ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Humans ; Insemination* ; Spermatozoa*