Objective To understand the level of blood-lipid and prevalence of dyslipidcmia of children aged 3 to 6 in Tianjin,so as to provide evidence for large-scale blood screening strategy and to develop intervention of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular in children.Methods 20 041 children aged 3 to 6 from 48 kindergartens were involved in this study,in Tianjin.Peripheral blood was collected from right leech-finger of these children,after fatless breakfast.Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) of plasma were tested using Toshiba 120 Automatic Biochemical Analyzer.Results The average levels of TC and TG were (4.17 ±0.69)mmol/L and (0.86±0.44) mmol/L in these children.11.4％ of the children had either TC or TG dyslipidemia,with 7.1％ had only TC dyslipidemia,4.9％ had only TG dyslipidemia,and 0.6％ of them had both TC and TG dyslipidemia.The prevalence of TC dyslipidemia was significantly higher among girls than boys.The prevalence rates of TC dyslipidemia and TG dyslipidcmia were different among age groups,but with no significant changes among age groups.The prevalence of TG dyslipidemia was significantly different,with obese children higher than those with normal or overweight children.Different residential areas seemed to be related to the difference on the prevalence of dyslipidemia.Prevalence of TC dyslipidemia was higher in urban than in rural areas.Prevalence of TG dyslipidemia was higher in rural than urban areas.Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia for children aged 3 to 6 was high in Tianjin,and showed differences among genders,age groups and residential regions.Screening and intervention programs on dyslipidemia should be undertaken routinely in children,in order to prevent adult atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.