Objective To explore the clinical effect of posterior indirect reduction and internal fixation and laminectomy in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture complicated with spinal cord injury.Methods Eighty patients with thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture and spinal cord injury treated in our hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were selected as the objects,and they were divided into reset group and laminectomy group with forty cases in each group according to surgical method.All the patients were followed up for 1 year,the lumbar function of two groups at 1 week and 1 year after operation were observed respectively,and the pain degree was observed in 1month,3 months and 6 months after operation.The amount of bleeding,operation time,hospitalization time and fracture healing time were observed.Neurological function was assessed by classification criteria of the American Spinal Cord Injury Association(ASIA),and incidence of complications was figured in the two groups.Results The anterior heights of the injured vertebra were higher than those before the operation,and the Cobb's angles were lower than those before the operation,the differences were significant(P ＜ 0.05);while there was no significant differences in the anterior heights of the injured vertebra between the two groups at 1 week and 1 year after operation(P ＞ 0.05).VAS scores of the two groups after 1 month,3 months and 6 months decreased significantly when compared with the preoperative scores(P ＜ 0.05),and VAS scores of each time in the reset group were significantly lower than those in the laminectomy group(P ＜ 0.05).The amount of bleeding,operation time,hospitalization time and fracture healing time in the reset group were less than those in the laminectomy group (P ＜ 0.05).The neurological function recovery of the two groups were significantly improved when compared with that before the operation(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in recovery of neurological function between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05).The complication rate was 7.50％ in the reset group,lower than 12.50％ of the laminectomy group,the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Posterior indirect reduction and internal fixation of lamina both have a certain effect in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebrae burst fracture complicated with spinal cord injury.But posterior indirect reduction has less complications and less amount of bleeding,which is beneficial to postoperative recovery.

Objective To study interleukin-1 receptor(IL-1R) and connexin(Cx36) gene expression following Mg 2+-free-induced seizures in cultured developing neuron. Methods Rat embryo cortical neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days were exposed to Mg 2+-free media to induce seizure. At different time after Mg 2+-free treatment, real-time RT-PCR was used to detect IL-1R and Cx36 mRNA expression. Results 1. IL-1R mRNA expression transiently decreased after Mg 2+-free treatment in neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days in vitro. Then the levels of IL-1R mRNA expression recovered in neurons cultured for 6 days, but IL-1R mRNA expression were increased in neurons cultured for 17 days compared with control group and the peak was at 24 hours. 2. In neurons cultured for 6 days in vitro, Cx36 mRNA expression increased after Mg 2+-free treatment compared with control group, the peak was at 24 hours. But in neurons cultured for 17 days in vitro, Cx36 mRNA expression decreased at 6 hours after Mg 2+-free treatment compared with control group, the peak was at 24 hours. Conclusions IL-1R mRNA and Cx36 mRNA expression following Mg 2+-free-induced seizures are different between the neurons cultured for 6 and 17 days in vitro. This is possibly related to the different neuron injury between 6 and 17 days in vitro following seizures.

With the development of molecular biology, genome science becomes an important subject currently. Characterized by high-throughput, high-integration, high-parallelism, miniaturization and automation, it is the integrated study of gene properties on a large scale. Stroke, an important cerebral vascular disease, is one of the threats to human health. The utilization of microarray study for the pathogenesis of stroke, not only reveals the essentials of the disease in the overall level of genes, but also contributes to the detection of therapeutic targets and the development of novel drugs for stroke. Referring to our own work, this discussion focuses on the progress of the mechanisms underlying experimental cerebral ischemia investigation in vivo as well as anti-cerebral ischemia agents by gene chip technology.
Animals ; Brain ; blood supply ; Brain Ischemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Reperfusion Injury ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stroke ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study cortical neuron injury following recurrent epileptiform discharges induced by magnesium-free treatment in vitro.

METHODSCultured embryo cortical neurons were exposed to magnesium-free media for 3 h, then they were returned to regular media containing normal level magnesium. At different time after Mg(2+)-free treatment, trypan blue staining and determination of LDH activity were used to determine the cell viability, flow cytometry was applied to measure neuronal apoptosis, and MTT assay to study metabolic rate.

RESULTS(1) Neuronal morphology on light microscopy following Mg(2+)-free treatment showed that there were no prominent alterations. (2) At different time (6, 12, 72 h) after Mg(2+)-free treatment, neuronal viability by trypan blue staining and LDH activity showed modest changes compared with time-matched control in different culture days (6, 12, 17 d) (P > 0.05). (3) Cell apoptosis increased mildly at different time after Mg(2+)-free treatment in neurons cultured for different days, but the increase was not significant (P > 0.05). (4) Metabolic rate decreased at 6 h after Mg(2+)-free treatment (P < 0.05) in neurons cultured for 6 d, and was 86.4% of that of the control; while the rate at 24 h in neurons cultured for 12 d and 17 d also decreased (P < 0.05), being 78.7% and 70.9%, respectively, of that of the control.

CONCLUSIONSThese findings demonstrated that the injury occurred on cultured cortical neurons caused by magnesium-free-treatment-induced recurrent epileptiform discharges was mainly functional and relatively mature neurons displayed more severe and much later mitochondrial function impairment than immature neurons.

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; embryology ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Culture Techniques ; Magnesium ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seizures ; physiopathology

Reverse-genetic engineering of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) can improve the productivity, antigen matching, antigen stability, immune response ability, and biological safety of vaccines, so vaccine candidates with anticipated biological characteristics can be promptly achieved. Negative influence in taming of virulent strains can also be decreased or avoided. Reverse genetics not only make up for deficiencies like limitation of viral nature, low success rate, and time and energy consuming, but also realize more active designing of vaccines. Therefore, reverse genetics is significant in improving integral quality and efficiency of vaccines. In this review, we use FMDV vaccines as an example to summarize improvement in biological characteristics of virulent strains and provide a reference for related researches.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Reverse Genetics ; Viral Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology

To study the anti-tumor metastatic constituents in Rhodiola wallichiana (HK) S H Fu var Cholaensis (Praeg) S H Fu, chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography (silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40C and preparative HPLC). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis. The anti-tumor metastasis assay was applied to evaluate the activities of the isolated compounds. Ten compounds (1-10) were isolated and their structures were identified by comparison of their spectral data with literature as follows: syringic acid (1), salidroside (2), tyrosol (3), scaphopetalone (4), berchemol (5), 2,6-dimethoxyacetophenone (6), rhobupcyanoside A (7), miyaginin (8), chavicol-4-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), eugenyol-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10). Compounds 4-6 and 8-10, were isolated from this genus for the first time, while compound 7 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2, 6-8 showed positive anti-tumor metastatic activities, and compounds 2 and 8 showed significant anti-tumor metastatic activities.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; prevention & control ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo examine the antiangiogenic and antitumor effects of vector-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on human tongue squamous cell carcinoma xenografts in vivo.

METHODSTca8113 human tongue cancer nude mice xenograft model was established, and subsequently divided into four groups randomly (5/group). Two siRNA targeting VEGF constructed in eukaryotic expression vector (PU-VEGF-siRNA1, PU-VEGF-siRNA2) were injected intratumor and peritumor with lipofectamine 2000, respectively. No siRNA vector injected and non-injected tumors were used as experimented and negative controlled, respectively. Animals were injected one time every 3 days for a total of 10 times. Three days after the last injection, the weigh and volume of tumors, and intratumor microvessel density (MVD) were measured. The expression of VEGF in xenograft tumors was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The cell apoptosis and cell cycle analysis of tumors were detected by Tunel and Flow cytometry, respectively.

RESULTSCompared to the experimental and negative controls, the percentage of cells in the G(1) phase increased (P < 0.05), the expression of VEGF on both mRNA and protein level, the tumor weigh and volume, and MVD decreased in the PU-VEGF-siRNA2 group (P < 0.05), and more apoptosis was induced (P < 0.01). But significant differences were not noted between PU-VEGF-siRNA1 group and two controls (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSVEGF-siRNA can reduce VEGF expression, inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis, and induce apoptosis in Tca8113 cell carcinoma in vivo. Different VEGF-siRNA may have different effect in vivo.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; blood supply ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; prevention & control ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Tongue Neoplasms ; blood supply ; genetics ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess suppression effects of vector-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line (Tca8113) in vitro.

METHODSTwo siRNA targeting VEGF constructed in eukaryotic expression vector (Pu-VEGF-siRNA1, Pu-VEGF-siRNA2), eukaryotic expression vector as the experiment control, all of which were transfected into Tca8113 cells with Lipofectamine 2000. Non-transfection cell was used as negative control. VEGF mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.

RESULTSCompared to the experimental and negative controls, the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in the Pu-VEGF-siRNA1 group and Pu-VEGF-siRNA2 group. But there were no significant differences between two controls (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONVector-based siRNAs targeting VEGF are efficient in down-regulating VEGF expression in Tca8113 cells.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Tongue Neoplasms ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

OBJECTIVETo reconstruct 3D shape of edentulous jaw by using improved measurement system and to analyze the precision of this method.

METHODSStandard edentulous jaw models were measured with a improved measurement system by cutting and scanning layer-by-layer, and the 3D shape of the models was reconstructed by image processing with specialty software. Ten cubic plaster modes were reconstructed by the same way, data of every border before and after reconstruction were measured and analyzed.

RESULTSData of edentulous jaw models were obtained. The errors in ten cubic before and after reconstruction were not significantly different (P > 0.05), data measured in horizontal plane were not significantly different (P > 0.05), and data measured in altitude direction were significantly different (P < 0.01), data measured after reconstruction were less than before, the error was (0.09 +/- 0.08) mm.

CONCLUSIONThe improved cutting and scanning measurement system can be fit for the 3D reconstruction of stomatognathic system with high precision.

Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Jaw, Edentulous ; Reproducibility of Results ; Software ; Stomatognathic System ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on reperfusion injury in severe uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock and explore the possible mechanism involved.

METHODSTwelve dogs were randomly divided into two groups, control group (Group I, n=6) and MP group (Group II, n=6). The animals were bled continuously from a femoral artery catheter to produce uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock models. Resuscitation with lactated Ringer's (LR) solution was initiated when mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased to 20 mm Hg, and MAP was maintained at 30-40 mm Hg. MP (4 mg/kg) was injected intravenously in Group II when resuscitation began. While in Group I, normal saline (NS) was injected instead. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured before exsanguination (T(1)), when MAP decreased to 20 mm Hg (T(2)), 60 min (T(3)) and 120 min (T(4)) after resuscitation. Heart rate, MAP and cardiac output (CO) levels were recorded concomitantly.

RESULTSInfusion volume and hemorrhage volume shed from the superior mesenteric artery in Group I were higher than those in Group II (P<0.01 and P<0.05). After reperfusion, blood SOD levels decreased progressively and MDA levels increased rapidly in Group I. In Group II, blood SOD levels at T(3) and T(4) decreased as compared with that at T(1) but a stepwise increase was present. At T(4), blood SOD level was significantly higher in Group II than in Group I (Plt;0.01). At T(3) and T(4), MDA levels were markedly lower in Group II than in Group I. During reperfusion, MAP was more steady in Group II than in Group I and survival rate after 120 min (at T(4)) was higher in Group II than in Group I (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMP has a protective effect on severe uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock and subsequent reperfusion injury. The mechanism mainly involves the anti-lipid peroxidation activity of MP.

Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; pharmacology ; Probability ; Random Allocation ; Reference Values ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Survival Rate