Objective To prepare the ephedrine chitosan-modified liposomes gels, detect the particle diameter and the entrapment efficiency, and investigate the transdermal diffusion characteristics in vitro. Methods Ephedrine liposomes suspensions were prepared using thin film evaporation and slowly dropped by 0.35% chitosan solution with pH values 5-6 in order to prepare the chitosan-modified liposomes gels. The particle diameter of the modified liposomes was detected by Laser Scattering Particle Size Distribution Analyzer. The entrapment efficiency was determined by reverse dialysis method with HPLC. Using Franz Diffusion Cell to investigate transdermal diffusion characteristics of the modified liposomes gels in vitro. Results The mean particle diameter of the modified liposome prepared was from 1 400 to 1 900 nm. The average entrapment efficiency of the modified liposomes was up to (41 ± 0.94)%. Ephedrine in the modified liposomes could penetrate rat skin. The results of the transdermal diffusion test showed the cumulative penetration amount of the ephedrine chitosan-modified liposomes gels was lower than that in the ephedrine solutions with time variation. Conclusion This preparatiom is prepared with simple technology and stable character. The entrapment efficiency of the ephedrine is higher and the assay method is simple and accurate. The penetrating rate of ephedrine is slow and the drug releasing is stable.

A lipopeptide compound was isolated from the culture of Bacillus subtilis HSO121 by methods of acidic precipitation, solvent extract, fractional precipitation, adsorption and prepared thin-layer chromatography; and its molecular structure was determined by by ninhydrin assay and IR methods following the Amino analysis, MS-MS and ESI-MS. It shows that the isolated lipopeptide consists of two homologues with molecular mass 1,022D and 1,036D and bearing a cyclic structure with the amino acid sequence Leu-Leu-Asp-Val-Leu-Leu-Glu in the peptide chain, which indicates that the isolated lipopeptide falls into the analogs of surfactin.

Objective:To explore the interns' degree of lost basic science and the influence on studying clinical knowledge.Method:Medical students attending the third(n=100) and the fifth(n=100) of medical studies selected randomly from the Guilin Medical School were given the same test composed of 20 pairs of questions and each pair contains one basic and one clinical question which were correlative.The scores of the two groups were compared.Result:Third year students scored significantly higher in basic than clinical questions(P0.05).Conclusion:There is a positive relationship between mastery of basic knowledge and the ability of dealing with clinical problems.Quite a few basic knowledge of medical students is lost when they begin clinical practice.

Objective To compare the effect of two different dialysis modalities, hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on insulin resistance in patients with adult end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and to identify the possible predictive factors for insulin resistance. Methods Fifteen non-diabetic patients with ESRD (ESRD group) were selected. Eight patients were treated with HD (HD group), and 7 patients were treated with CAPD (CAPD group). The insulin inhibition was examined by hyper insulin-euglycemic glucose clamp technique before and after dialysis treatment, and the glucose disposal rate (GDR) was used as an index of insulin sensitivity during the clamp technique. Meanwhile, 8 healthy controls were selected as control group. The biochemical parameters which might be associated with insulin resistance were determined by multiple linear regression. Results The GDR in control group was (9.93 ± 1.33) mg/(kg · min), in ESRD group was (6.44 ± 1.76) mg/(kg·min), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). The GDR in HD group after treatment was increased from (6.53 ± 1.84) mg/(kg · min) to (9.74 ± 2.88) mg/(kg · min), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). The GDR in CAPD group after treatment was increased from (6.35 ± 1.65) mg/(kg·min) to (8.18 ± 1.76) mg/(kg·min), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression result showed that the levels of urea nitrogen, hematocrit and bicarbonate were significant predictive factors in insulin resistance (P<0.05). Conclusions CAPD and HD therapy can improve insulin resistance in adult patients with ESRD.

Objective To compare clinical prognosis between intermittent high-volume predilution on-line hemofiltration (HF) and standard intermittent hemodialysis (HD) in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods This was a prospective,randomized,controlled single-centre clinical study.The mortality and recovery rate of kidney function were compared in critically ill adult patients with AKI between HF group (using intermittent high-volume predilution on-line HF,50 cases) and HD group (standard intermittent HD,45 cases).The prognosis of 60 d was followed up,including 60-day all-cause mortality,in-hospital all-cause mortality and recovery of kidney function.Results There were no statistical differences in basic clinical characteristics between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The results of 60-day' follow-up showed,the mortality in HF group was 68.0％ (34/50),and in HD group was 82.2％ (37/45).There was statistical difference (risk ratio 0.75,95％ CI 0.80-1.28,P =0.036).There were no statistical differences in the in-hospital mortality and recovery rate of kidney function (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in complication rate between 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The mortality is significantly lower in critically ill patients with AKI treated with intermittent high-volume predilution on-line HF,compared those treated with standard intermittent HD.

Objective: To study the direct and moderating effects of Esteem in the model of personality,shame and mental health. Corresponding factors in the whole model were extended. Methods: The SCL-90, EPQ-R Short Scale (EPQ-RS), Shame Scale and Esteem Scale were administered to 365 udergraduates (including 196 males and 169 females, mean age 20.65), and structural equation modeling method was used to study the direct and moderating effects of Esteem in the model. Results: The following conclusions are confirmed through model comparision: (1)Esteem has significant direct effect on the mental symptoms and shame in the model; (2)Esteem has significant moderating effect on the path of neuroticism to the mental symptoms in the model;(3)Psychoticism can independently affect the mental symptoms directly in the model. A new interactive perspective to the raltionship of shame and esteem was discussed in the end.

Objective To study the expression changes of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B ) on the injured rabbit vascular smooth muscular cells (VSMC) transfected with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) vector. Methods Lipofectin method was used to transfect TIMP-2 vector into VSMC, Western blot analysis to detect TIMP-2 peptides and zymography assay to determine MMPs. The activities of MMPs and NF-?B were detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The mRNA and protein expressions of PKC? were determined by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Results The injured VSMC showed increased enzyme activity of MMP-2. There was very lower level expressions of PKC? and NF-?B in the normal VSMC but high in the injured VSMC. However, in injured VSMC transfected with TIMP-2 vector, the activity of MMP2/9 was suppressed and the expressions of PKC? and NF-?B decreased (P

Humans ; Pleural Effusion ; etiology ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; physiology

Objective: To study the relationship among shame, persona li ty and mental health, and to establish a structural model of them Meth o d: Structural equation modeling was used for the data from 178 college s tudents (including 86 male and 92 female, mean age 21), who were tested with SCL -90, EPQ-R Short Scale (EPQ-RS)and shame scale Result: A theor etical model was established for the relationship of personality, shame and ment al health It wa s also confirmed through model comparison that shame has a part-mediating role b etween personality and mental health

Objective: To study social anxiety proneness in college students and factors having influence on it Method: 200 college students were assessed with Social Anxiety Inventory, Shame-Proneness Scale, EQQ-short form, Coping Style Questionnaire, Beck Depression Scale, and Trait Anxiety Scale Result: Social anxiety of college students was influenced by shame-proneness, psychoticism and extroversion of personality Students with high social anxiety proneness were also more easily ashamed by their own behaviors Lack of negative coping styles also contributed to their proneness Low social anxiety proneness could be explained partially by three factors: psychoticism and extroversion personality, self-appraised trait anxiety Conclusion: Shame-proneness, psychoticism and extroversion personality are main factors having influence on social anxiety proneness Positive self-evaluation and coping style are helpful in reducing social anxiety