PURPOSE: This prospective pilot study is a part of the Korean NIH's effort to characterize con- genital anomalies and genetic disorders in Korea and to establish a National Genetic Database. METHODS: This population-based study was conducted at all hospitals that deliver in the province of Suwon; a total of 39 hospitals from May 1, 1997 to April 30, 1999 for a two-year period. All outcome of pregnancies, including liveborn, stillborn, and TOP over 20wks gestation were subjects of this study for the presence of major congenital anomalies. Delivery records of each hospital and pediatric records of one tertiary hospital were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The total number of pregnancy was 30,319 yielding 30,653 deliveries, including 269 still-born and 27 TOPs. The overall incidence of congenital anomalies was 1.2Yo(366 cases among 30,653 deliveries) with 0.5Yo from primary hospital, 1.4Yo of general hospital deliveries and 4.5Yo of tertiary hospital deliveries. The incidences of selective major congenital anomalies per 1,000 deliveries were 0.82 for Down syndrome, 1.79 for cleft lip with or without cleft palate, and 0.39 for open neural tube defect. CONCLUSION: This pilot study represented the first community-based population data on congenital anomalies in Korea, differing from previous studies based on selective population of relative high-risk population from tertiary hospital delivery. Search for congenital anomalies among cohort by reviewing pediatric records yielded 38Yo of total anomalies, indicating the importance of combining both delivery and pediatrics records in generating accurate data for the incidence of congenital anomalies. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:738-745)
Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Cohort Studies ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Databases, Genetic ; Down Syndrome ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hospitals, General ; Incidence ; Korea ; Neural Tube Defects ; Parturition* ; Pediatrics ; Pilot Projects* ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies* ; Tertiary Care Centers

No abstract available.
Pheochromocytoma* ; Pregnancy*

Sacral perineural cyst is one group of extradural meningeal cyst at the sacral region. These lesions are distinguished from other spinal cysts because perineural cyst does not communicate with subarachnoidal space. Fluid filled cysts may compress adjacent nerve roots causing low back pain and sciatica which are dramatically improved by surgical excision. Differential diagnosis from other cysts can be accomplished by failure of collection of dye into cyst by initial myelography. C-T myelography rules out other mass lesions and often reveals communication of perineural cyst that filled with contrast medium. Magnetic resonance imaging well demonstrates three dimensinnal configures of an intraspinal cystic mass in initial study. However it is important to recognize that these cysts are one of causes of radiculopathy. We report three cases of sacral perineural cysts with radiculopathy.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelography ; Radiculopathy ; Sacrococcygeal Region ; Sciatica ; Tarlov Cysts*

The Health Interview Survey in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a major source for planning and evaluating the national health promotion policy. The aim of the study is to find the areas for improvement of the current Health Interview Survey in light of its stated purpose and to propose possible means for the improvement. In terms of the survey content, there were several areas that needed improvement: the lack of comparability across the waves, the limit of the number of questions due to the Nutrition Survey and the Examination Survey, non-availability of seasonal statistics, and the dearth of evidence on socioeconomic position variables. To make improvements in the survey content, there is a need to clarify the purpose of the HIS in the KNANES. Second, more items need to be developed to produce the indicators of the Health Plan 2010. Third, core questions and elective questions should be defined. Fourth, multi-level socioeconomic position indicators need to be developed. In terms of the survey methods, the difficulty of managing interviewers and the inefficiency of data input and processing were found to be the areas for improvement. Possible solutions include a survey through the year and the introduction of the CAPI system. In addition, we suggest that a two-year survey period to better synchronize with the local health interview surveys which should be the major data source for the community health promotion plan.
Information Storage and Retrieval ; Health Promotion ; Health Surveys ; Nutrition Surveys ; Seasons

The operative treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures has three principal aims; restoration of the height and width of the calcaneus, reconstruction of the subtalar and calcaneocuboid joint surfaces, and stable osteosynthesis. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the open reduction and internal fixation by the extended lateral approach for the treatment of the intraarticular calcaneal fractures. Twenty-one calcaneal fractures of 20 patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using an extended lateral approach from April, 1993 to March, 1994. The autogenous iliac bone graft was done in all patients. These patients were evaluated from 12 to 24 months (average 15.2 months) after surgery. The following results were obtained; 1. Seventecn cases (80%) out of 21 were estimated as good or excellent result. 2. Preoperative Bohler's angles, Gissane's angles and inclination angles were observed as average -0.5degrees, 101degrees and 38degrees respectively, and these were improved as average 23.3degrees, 117degrees and 54degrees, postoperatively. 3. There were two cases of skin necrosis as complication. In conclusion, the extended lateral approach is one of the good methods for the treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures. We think that accurate reduction of the posterior facet, acceptable recovery of Bohler's angle and early postoperative mobilization are the most important things for the best result of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture surgery.
Calcaneus ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Transplants

It is known that the painful sensation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) results in sleep problems in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is not known that the painless DPN also is associated with poor sleep quality in T2DM. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between painless DPN and poor sleep quality in T2DM.

It is known that the painful sensation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) results in sleep problems in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is not known that the painless DPN also is associated with poor sleep quality in T2DM. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between painless DPN and poor sleep quality in T2DM.

Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a rare chronic granulomatous disease of oral mucosa and maxillofacial region that clinically presents recurrent or persistent orofacial swelling. OFG may exist as an integration of the spectrum of various disorders, including Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, granulomatous cheilitis, Crohn’s disease, sarcoidosis, infectious diseases and delayed hypersensitivity reaction to food additives, dental materials. Precise etiology is not yet to be elucidated. Herein, we report two rare cases of orofacial granulomatosis who presented similar clinical manifestation of lip swelling but was diagnosed as a sarcoidosis and as a granulomatous cheilitis.

No abstract available.
Intubation ; Lacerations ; Polypropylenes

BACKGROUND: Endotoxin is a complex lipopolysaccharide molecule situated within the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Sepsis and acute respiratory failure (ARDS) can be induced by endotoxin. In order to introduce and develop the experimental model of ARDS in sepsis, we induced sepsis with the endotoxin and investigated the change of respiratory pathophysiology during sepsis using a multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET). METHODS: Ten New Zealand white rabbits were anesthetized and ventilated with a Harvard apparatus. In 5 rabbits, 2 mg/kg of lipopolysaccaride from E. coli was infused intravenously for 30 min (Toxin group). At 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after endotoxin infusion, arterial blood gas, and hemodynamic profiles were checked. To perform the MIGET, six inert gases (SF6, krypton, desflurane, enflurane, diethyl ether, acetone) of widely varying solubility were infused peripherally and the excretion and retention data was determined from measurements of inert gas tensions in pulmonary arterial, systemic arterial blood samples and mixd expiratory gas sampling of pre and post septicemia using gas chromatography. We transformed and analysed the data into a V/Q distribution curve to find out the change of V/Q distribution curve. After the experiments, the animals were dissected and the lungs were extracted for wet/dry weight ratio (WW/DW) and microscopic examination. RESULTS: In the Toxin group, the pulmonary arterial pressures were increased and arterial oxygen tensions were decreased after the endotoxin infusion. The lung WW/DW were increased and inflammatory findings were seen in microscopic examination. In the MIGET, shunt, deadspace and log SDQ were increased in the toxin group, though there were wide V/Q distributions in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a successful endotoxin induced septic animal model, V/Q distribution curve and data using MIGET. The accomplishment of the experiment will not only allow us to better understand pulmonary pathophysiology of endotoxin induced sepsis using MIGET, but it will also contribute to other pulmonary physiology experiments associated with sepsis.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Chromatography, Gas ; Enflurane ; Ether ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Hemodynamics ; Krypton ; Lung ; Membranes ; Models, Animal ; Models, Theoretical ; Noble Gases ; Oxygen ; Physiology ; Rabbits ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sepsis ; Solubility ; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio*