No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and Extralobar Pulmonary sequestration are very rare congenital anomalies. We experienced a 4 year-old female patient who had Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation in her lower lobe of left lung. We accidently found extralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation at operation field. The resection of the left lower lobe and the extralobar pulmonary sequestration were performed. The arterial supply of the extralobar pulmonary sequestration was one anomalous artery arised from the thoracic aorta. The Venous drainage of expralobar pulmonary sequestration was intercostal vein into the azygous vein. The patient was discharged without any problem.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration* ; Child, Preschool ; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital* ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Veins

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Functional voice disorders usually occur as results of hyperkinetic movements of the vocal apparatus. The best treatment of these diseases is voice therapy. But the classical voice therapy has many difficulties for laryngologist to put in operation. The aims of this study were to investigate of the effects of group voice therapy that laryngologist can use to treat many patients in limited time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed group voice therapy and classical voice therapy on 129 patients, and compared the results according to age, sex, past history, symptoms, physical examination, patients' subjective evaluation, perceptual evaluation of voice, and maximal phonation time. RESULTS: Patients' subjective evaluation, perceptual evaluation, pathologic findings of larynx, maximal phonation time showed superior results in group voice therapy. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the group voice therapy is an effective treatment method laryngologists can use for hyperfunctional voice disorders.
Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Larynx ; Phonation ; Physical Examination ; Voice Disorders ; Voice*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hyperfunctional voice disorders caused by the over-adduction of the vocal cords have various supraglottic movements during phonation. These various hyperkinetic supraglottic movements will be able to affect the vocal sound production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relation between supraglottic movements and movement of extralaryngeal muscles using surface laryngeal EMG. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subject who had normal anatomic and physiologic laryngeal function produced the vocal sounds of the 3 types of supraglottic movement. In each type, when three different pitch sounds were produced, surface laryngeal EMG was recorded and perceptual and acoustic analysis of vocal sound were performed. RESULTS: Voice with contracted supraglottic movement had strained sound in perceptual analysis, increased jitter and shimmer in MDVP, and increased amplitude in surface laryngeal EMG. Voice with lowered and widened supraglottic movement had resonant sound in perceptual analysis, decreased jitter and shimmer in MDVP, decreased amplitude in surface laryngeal EMG. CONCLUSION: Voice was different with various types of supraglottic movements and surface laryngeal EMG findings were also different with various types of supraglottic movements.
Acoustics ; Muscles ; Phonation ; Vocal Cords ; Voice ; Voice Disorders

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find the optimum TE value for enhancing T2* weighting effect and minimizing the SNR degradation and to compare the BOLD effects according to the changes of TE in 1.5T and 3.0T MRI systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy normal volunteers (eight males and two females with 24-38 years old) participated in this study. Each volunteer was asked to perform a simple finger-tapping task (sequential opposition of thumb to each of the other four fingers) with right hand with a mean frequency of about 2Hz. The stimulus was initially off for 3 images and was then alternatively switched on and off for 2 cycles of 6 images. Images were acquired on the 1.5T and 3.0T MRI with the FLASH (fast low-angle shot) pulse sequence (TR : 100ms, FA : 20degrees, FOV : 230mm) that was used with 26, 36, 46, 56, 66, 76ms of TE times in 1.5T and 16, 26, 36, 46, 56, 66ms of TE in 3.0T MRI system. After the completion of scan, MR images were transferred into a PC and processed with a home-made analysis program based on the correlation coefficient method with the threshold value of 0.45. To search for the optimum TE value in fMRI, the difference between the activation and the rest by the susceptibility change for each TE was used in 1.5T and 3.0T respectively. In addition, the functional T2* map was calculated to quantify susceptibility change. RESULTS: The calculated optimum TE for fMRI was 61.89+/-2.68 at 1.5T and 47.64+/-13.34 at 3.0T. The maximum percentage of signal intensity change due to the susceptibility effect in activation region was 3.36% at TE 66ms in 1.5T and 10.05% at TE 46ms in 3.0T, respectively. The signal intensity change of 3.0T was about 3 times bigger than that of 1.5T. The calculated optimum TE value was consistent with TE values which were obtained from the maximum signal change for each TE. CONCLUSION: In this study, the 3.0T MRI was clearly more sensitive, about three times bigger than the 1.5T in detecting the susceptibility due to the deoxyhemoglobin level change in the functional MR imaging. So the 3.0T fMRI is more useful than 1.5T.
Female ; Hand ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Thumb ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: In this study, we developed a new software tool for the analysis of renal scintigraphy which can be modified more easily by a user who needs to study new clinical applications, and the appropriateness of the results from our program was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis tool was programmed with IDL5.2 and designed for use on a personal computer running Windows. For testing the developed tool and studying the appropriateness of the calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 99mTc-DTPA was administered to 10 adults in normal condition. In order to study the appropriateness of the calculated mean transit time (MTT), 99mTc-DTPA and 99mTc-MAG3 were administered to 11 adults in normal condition and 22 kidneys were analyzed. All the images were acquired with ORBITOR, the Siemens gamma camera. RESULTS: With the developed tool, we could show dynamic renal images and time activity curve (TAC) in each ROI and calculate clinical parameters of renal function. The results calculated by the developed tool were not different statistically from the results obtained by the Siemens application program (Tmax: p=0.68, Relative Renal Function: p=1.0, GFR: p=0.25) and the developed program proved reasonable. The MTT calculation tool proved to be reasonable by the evaluation of the influence of hydration status on MTT. CONCLUSION: We have obtained reasonable clinical parameters for the evaluation of renal function with the software tool developed in this study. The developed tool could prove more practical than conventional, commercial programs.
Adult ; Gamma Cameras ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney ; Microcomputers ; Nuclear Medicine* ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Running ; Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide

Localized, water-suppressed in vivo 'H MRS was performed to evaluated the proton metabolic alterations in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Ten brain infarction patients(six males and four females; age range 53-77) participated in this study. GE Signa 1.5-T whole-body NMI/MRS system using STEAM pulse sequence was used. Voxels were selected from the cerebral infarcted region and contralateral normal region as control in the same patient. Proton metaboliteratiosrelativetocreatine (Cr) wereobtainedusingaMa-rquartalgorithm. The specific features in the cerebral infarcted regions demonstrated a significant decrease of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratio, compared with control regions. Markedly increased lactate (Lac) level was observed in areas of cerebral infarctioln in all patients. Our preliminary study showed that NAA/Cr ratio in the infarcted regions was substanially different from that in control regions.The signal intensity of Lac may be served as a metabolic criterion that can specify acuteness of infarction, and also evaluate the therapeutic effect. It is necessary to investigate the spectral alterations in various stages of cerebral infarction for further detail analysis.
Aspartic Acid ; Brain Infarction ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction ; Lactic Acid ; Male ; Metabolism ; Protons ; Steam

BACKGROUND: The studies on cryopreserved arterial allograft have been focused on cooling methods, pre-treatment, cryoprotectant agents, and preservation temperature. But recently, several studies have reported that thawing methods also play an important role in the occurrence of macroscopic and microscopic cracks. This study was designed to investigate the cell injury after thawing, using a rabbit model to clarify the effect of thawing methods on cryopreserved arteries. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Segments of the rabbit aorta were obtained and divided into 3 groups (n=60) according to whether the specimens were fresh (control, n=20), cryopreserved and rapidly thawed (RT) at 37oC (n=20), or cryopreserved and subjected to controlled, automated slow thawing (ST)(n=20). Cell damage was established using the TUNEL method and the morphological changes were also evaluated. RESULT: In the group that was rapidly thawed, the expression of TUNEL (+) cells increased significantly more than in the slowly thawed group. In addition, the endothelial denudation, microvesicles and edema were significant in the rapidly thawed group compared with those changes in the slowly thawed group. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the rapid thawing method may be one of the major causes of cellular damage and delayed rupture in cryopreserved arterial allografts. The expression of TUNEL (+) cells and structural changes were significantly low in the slowly thawed group, which might have contributed to the improvement of graft failure after transplantation.
Allografts ; Aorta* ; Arteries ; Cryopreservation ; Edema ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Rupture ; Transplants

Percutaneous transthoracic fine needle biopsy has been widely used In the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions especially lung cancer. Onc of the rarest complication's is that malignant cells are implanted within the needle tract and developed a chest wall mass subsequently. Wc expcrlenccd a case of chest wall implantatio of lung cancer after percutaneous transthoracic floe needle biopsy. A 65-ycar old man had undergone bilobectomy (right upper lobe and right middle lobe)for squamous cell carcinoma (T2N0M0) of the lung. 60 days after percutaneous biopsy (48 days after operation), a tiny nodule (1 mm sized) was notcd at the right anterior chcst wall where the diagnostic fine needle biopsy had been performed before operation. This tiny mass was rapidly growing to 1.5 cm sized mass for 20 days. We carried out wide excision of chest wall mass and skin grafting, and confirmed squamous cell carcinoma histopathologically as same as the lung cancer.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Skin Transplantation ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax*