The aim of this study is to invistigate the effects of heparinization and the reversal of heparin activity with protamine on platelet function during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass. The venous blood of 10 healthy volunteers was collected in tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 25??/ml heparin. The expression of P selectin (a secretion marker of platelets) and activated fibrinogen receptor GP Ⅱb Ⅲa (an aggregation marker of platelets) on normal platelets in response to the treatment with heparin and protamine in vitro were examined using whole blood flow cytometry. The results showed that heparin (5～50?g/ml) could increase adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced expression of P selectin and GPⅡb Ⅲa in a dose dependent manner ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of 860MHz microwave on the formation and extinction of context conditioned fear in mice. Methods The mice were exposed to 860MHz continuous microwave ( power density were 380 μW/cm2 or 550 μW/cm2, respectively) for 30 min or 2 h, which then were divided in to 5 groups.Each group consisted of 15 animals. Footshocks were used to induce context conditioned fear by 75 voltages. The frequency and time of freezing after irradiation were investigated. Results When 24 h after foot shocking, the values of freezing time: control group was 2.31 ±4. 17 , two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 3.93 ±6.99 and 2.47 ± 3.34, the Nemenyi test results (P = 0.004): control group was 32.63333, while two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 52.46667 and 39.76667; and the values of freezing frequency: control group was 0.73 ± 1.16 , two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 0.86 ± 1.41 and 1.07 ± 1.16, the Nemenyi test results of (P=0. 014): control group was 33. 26667, while two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 50. 76667 and 40.90000. Conclusion The mice receiving relatively longer period of microwave irradiation showed more stable memory of the context conditioned fear.

Objective:To study the significance of QT dispersion(QTd) changes in electrocardiogram(ECG) after coronary artery bypass graft. Methods:Forty eight patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft were studied. The changes of QTd were monitored by 12 lead electrocardiogram system before surgery (as baseline values), at the end of surgery, and 1 4 d and 7 d after surgery.Results:The baseline values for QTd was (56.32?2.25) ms.QTd were significantly longer as compared to the baseline values ( P

Objective To invistigate molecular mechanism of the effect of aprotinin on platelets membrane glycoproyin during cardiopulmenary bypass Methods The venous blood of 20 healthy volunteers in the tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 5u/ml heparin,to evaluate the effect of aprotinin on the expressions of platelets membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ⅱb Ⅲa receptor and P seclectin with flow cytometric analysis Results Aprotinin at 50 200U/ml decreased the expression of activated GP Ⅱb Ⅲa complex in response to adenosine diphosphate or thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 in a dose dependent manner in both citrated and heparinized whole blood experiments (P

Age Factors ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; analysis

Objective To observe and compare the efficacy and safety between propofol-remifentanil and propofol-fentanyl for anesthesia of artificial abortion.Methods 200 ASA I patients scheduled for painless artificial abortion were randomly divided into two groups.R group were given intravenous remifentanil 1.0μg/kg then propofol 1～1.5mg/kg(n=100);F group were given intravenous fentanyl 0.05mg then propofol 1～1.5mg/kg(n=100).Total propofol dosage,analgesic effect during intro-and post-operative,consciousness loss time,wake-up time and independenly leaving time were recorded.BP,HR,SpO2 and side effects such as nausea and vomiting were observed during intro-and post-operative.Results The dosage of propofol was less in group R than that in group F[(80.4±10.8)mg vs(110.1±13.6)mg,P＜0.01)];consciousness loss time,wake-up time and independenly leave hospital time were shorter in group R than that in group F(P＜0.05);SpO2 down range and rate were significandy higher in group R(P＜0.05);Incidence of nausea and somnolence in group R was obviously lesS than that in group F.Conclusion Artifical abortion can be preformed effectively and safely with propofol-remifentanil or propofol-fentanyl,but propofol-remifentanil especially fits for painless artificial abortion compared with propofol-fantanyl.

With the economic development and the deepening of reform in China,more attention has been paid on health.Based on literature from Chinese Journal of Health Statistics in 2008,the number and ranks of practicing doctors,occupancy of hospital beds,the disease spectrums,outpatient per year were analyzed.The results hold it is better for the doctors to practice in more medical institutions.

OBJECTIVE: To study pharmacokinetics of valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets and to evaluate the bioequivalence of test and reference tablets. METHODS: In a two-period cross-over design test, 18 healthy volunteers were given a single oral dose of 600 mg test valaciclovir hydrochloride and 600 mg reference formulations respectively. Plasma concentrations of acyclovir were determined by HPLC method. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the two formulations were calculated and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of test vs. reference valacyclovir hydrochloride tablets were as follows:tmax(1.69?0.25)h vs. (1.72?0.26)h, Cmax(3.34?0.58) ?g?mL-1 vs. (3.40?0.49)?g?mL-1, t1/2(2.73?0.31)h vs. (2.97?0.33)h, AUC0～14(11.22?2.21) ?g?h?mL-1 vs. (11.12?1.90)?g?h?mL-1, AUC0～∞(11.76?2.15) ?g?h?mL-1 vs. (11.61?1.86)?g?h?mL-1, respectively. As compared with reference formulation, the relative bioavailability of test formulation was (101.06?11.72)%. CONCLUSION: The two preparations are bioequivalent.

Objective To detect the change of discharge phase of guinea pig hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells during visual discriminative task with an effective and convenient program we designed. Methods Five guinea pigs were performed by extracellular single unit recording in vivo when they were performing visual discriminative task. Discharge signals of individual pyramidal cells were extracted from different frequency signals by wavelet transform (WT), which made it feasible to calculate discharge phase of pyramidal cells in terms of time correlation between discharge and ? rhythm. Results The discharge phase of CA1 pyramidal cells in the 1 to 5s interval before visual discriminative task (172??1.8?) was obviously earlier than that in the 6 to 10s interval after visual discriminative task (189??3.7?) ( P0.01). Conclusion The program we designed is capable of detecting discharge phase of pyramidal cells. Regular shift of discharge phase of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells emerges before and after performing visual discriminative task.

Objective To investigate the role of cerebellar dentate-interpositus (D-I) nuclei during acquisition of classical eyeblink conditioning in guinea pigs. Methods A 500 ms tone conditioned stimulus (CS) was paired with a 100 ms corneal oxygen-puff unconditioned stimulus (US) in a delay paradigm. Guinea pigs were trained daily to acquire the classically conditioned eyeblink responses. Micorinjections of Muscimol into bilateral cerebellar D-I nuclei were performed during the 4-6 day of training session. A high-resolution potentiometer was used to detect the eyeblink responses. Results The conditioned response (CR) rates of Muscimol-injected group on session 4-6 were significantly lower than their rates on session 3 (P1=0.005,P2=0.004,P3=0.010); Their rates on session 7 and 8 were as the same level as those without microinjection on session 4 and 5 (P1=0.061,P2=0.669). However, there was no significant difference on their amplitude and peak latency of unconditioned responses (URs) during the entire course of training (P1=0.926,P2=0.939). Conclusion The cerebellar D-I nucleus is actively involved in the neural circuitry of motor learning, which is essential for both acquisition and performance of the classically conditioned eyeblink responses.