The aim of this study is to invistigate the effects of heparinization and the reversal of heparin activity with protamine on platelet function during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass. The venous blood of 10 healthy volunteers was collected in tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 25??/ml heparin. The expression of P selectin (a secretion marker of platelets) and activated fibrinogen receptor GP Ⅱb Ⅲa (an aggregation marker of platelets) on normal platelets in response to the treatment with heparin and protamine in vitro were examined using whole blood flow cytometry. The results showed that heparin (5～50?g/ml) could increase adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced expression of P selectin and GPⅡb Ⅲa in a dose dependent manner ( P

Objective To invistigate molecular mechanism of the effect of aprotinin on platelets membrane glycoproyin during cardiopulmenary bypass Methods The venous blood of 20 healthy volunteers in the tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 5u/ml heparin,to evaluate the effect of aprotinin on the expressions of platelets membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ⅱb Ⅲa receptor and P seclectin with flow cytometric analysis Results Aprotinin at 50 200U/ml decreased the expression of activated GP Ⅱb Ⅲa complex in response to adenosine diphosphate or thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 in a dose dependent manner in both citrated and heparinized whole blood experiments (P

Objective To investigate the effects of 860MHz microwave on the formation and extinction of context conditioned fear in mice. Methods The mice were exposed to 860MHz continuous microwave ( power density were 380 μW/cm2 or 550 μW/cm2, respectively) for 30 min or 2 h, which then were divided in to 5 groups.Each group consisted of 15 animals. Footshocks were used to induce context conditioned fear by 75 voltages. The frequency and time of freezing after irradiation were investigated. Results When 24 h after foot shocking, the values of freezing time: control group was 2.31 ±4. 17 , two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 3.93 ±6.99 and 2.47 ± 3.34, the Nemenyi test results (P = 0.004): control group was 32.63333, while two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 52.46667 and 39.76667; and the values of freezing frequency: control group was 0.73 ± 1.16 , two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 0.86 ± 1.41 and 1.07 ± 1.16, the Nemenyi test results of (P=0. 014): control group was 33. 26667, while two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 50. 76667 and 40.90000. Conclusion The mice receiving relatively longer period of microwave irradiation showed more stable memory of the context conditioned fear.

Objective:To study the significance of QT dispersion(QTd) changes in electrocardiogram(ECG) after coronary artery bypass graft. Methods:Forty eight patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft were studied. The changes of QTd were monitored by 12 lead electrocardiogram system before surgery (as baseline values), at the end of surgery, and 1 4 d and 7 d after surgery.Results:The baseline values for QTd was (56.32?2.25) ms.QTd were significantly longer as compared to the baseline values ( P

Age Factors ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; analysis

Objective To observe and compare the efficacy and safety between propofol-remifentanil and propofol-fentanyl for anesthesia of artificial abortion.Methods 200 ASA I patients scheduled for painless artificial abortion were randomly divided into two groups.R group were given intravenous remifentanil 1.0μg/kg then propofol 1～1.5mg/kg(n=100);F group were given intravenous fentanyl 0.05mg then propofol 1～1.5mg/kg(n=100).Total propofol dosage,analgesic effect during intro-and post-operative,consciousness loss time,wake-up time and independenly leaving time were recorded.BP,HR,SpO2 and side effects such as nausea and vomiting were observed during intro-and post-operative.Results The dosage of propofol was less in group R than that in group F[(80.4±10.8)mg vs(110.1±13.6)mg,P＜0.01)];consciousness loss time,wake-up time and independenly leave hospital time were shorter in group R than that in group F(P＜0.05);SpO2 down range and rate were significandy higher in group R(P＜0.05);Incidence of nausea and somnolence in group R was obviously lesS than that in group F.Conclusion Artifical abortion can be preformed effectively and safely with propofol-remifentanil or propofol-fentanyl,but propofol-remifentanil especially fits for painless artificial abortion compared with propofol-fantanyl.

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly changed the pattern and natural history of ocular diseases of HIV-infected patients, resulting from the immune recovery and reduction of opportunistic infections. However, ophthalmic complica-tion continues to be concern in AIDS even in the HAART era, especially in developing areas, where absolute majority of HIV-positive patients live. Lack of test facilities and experience, poor conditions of hygiene, different microbiological environment, absence of effective treatment etc., characterize the ophthalmic manifestation of HIV-infected patients in developing countries from that in developed regions and thus pose a great challenge to the ophthalmic treatment in developing area. Not only varied from region to region, ocular complications are distinctive between adults and children. At the same time, the side effects due to the application of HAART pose their own risks of ocular complication and should, therefore, be given more research attention.

Objective To evaluate the effect of remifentanil pretreatment on myoclonus after etomidate injection.Methods Sixty patients undergoing scheduled for intestinal endoscopy under general anesthesia were divided into remifentanil group and control group by random digits table method with 30 cases each.Before 0.3 mg/kg etomidate was given,the patients in remifentanil group and control group were pretreated with remifentanil 0.5 μ g/kg or amount of 0.9％ sodium chloride.Myoclonus was observed and recorded.Nausea,pruritis and apnea were observed after procedures.Results The incidence of myoclonus was 73.3％(22/30) in control group,mild in 11 cases,moderate in 10 cases and severe in 1 case.The incidence of myoclonus was 6.7％(2/30) in remifentanil group and mild in 2 cases.There was significant difference in the incidence of myoclonus between two groups (P ＜ 0.01).In control group,the ratio of myoclonus was 14/16 in males and 8/14 in females.In remifentanil group,male and female each had 1 case of myoclonus.There was no nausea,pruritis and apnea in remifentanil group.Conclusion Pretreatment with 0.5 μ g/kg remifentanil reduces myoclonus after etomidate injection,male patients are more associated with the incidence of myoclonus than female patients.

With the economic development and the deepening of reform in China,more attention has been paid on health.Based on literature from Chinese Journal of Health Statistics in 2008,the number and ranks of practicing doctors,occupancy of hospital beds,the disease spectrums,outpatient per year were analyzed.The results hold it is better for the doctors to practice in more medical institutions.

OBJECTIVE: To study pharmacokinetics of valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets and to evaluate the bioequivalence of test and reference tablets. METHODS: In a two-period cross-over design test, 18 healthy volunteers were given a single oral dose of 600 mg test valaciclovir hydrochloride and 600 mg reference formulations respectively. Plasma concentrations of acyclovir were determined by HPLC method. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the two formulations were calculated and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of test vs. reference valacyclovir hydrochloride tablets were as follows:tmax(1.69?0.25)h vs. (1.72?0.26)h, Cmax(3.34?0.58) ?g?mL-1 vs. (3.40?0.49)?g?mL-1, t1/2(2.73?0.31)h vs. (2.97?0.33)h, AUC0～14(11.22?2.21) ?g?h?mL-1 vs. (11.12?1.90)?g?h?mL-1, AUC0～∞(11.76?2.15) ?g?h?mL-1 vs. (11.61?1.86)?g?h?mL-1, respectively. As compared with reference formulation, the relative bioavailability of test formulation was (101.06?11.72)%. CONCLUSION: The two preparations are bioequivalent.