The aim of this study is to invistigate the effects of heparinization and the reversal of heparin activity with protamine on platelet function during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass. The venous blood of 10 healthy volunteers was collected in tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 25??/ml heparin. The expression of P selectin (a secretion marker of platelets) and activated fibrinogen receptor GP Ⅱb Ⅲa (an aggregation marker of platelets) on normal platelets in response to the treatment with heparin and protamine in vitro were examined using whole blood flow cytometry. The results showed that heparin (5～50?g/ml) could increase adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced expression of P selectin and GPⅡb Ⅲa in a dose dependent manner ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of 860MHz microwave on the formation and extinction of context conditioned fear in mice. Methods The mice were exposed to 860MHz continuous microwave ( power density were 380 μW/cm2 or 550 μW/cm2, respectively) for 30 min or 2 h, which then were divided in to 5 groups.Each group consisted of 15 animals. Footshocks were used to induce context conditioned fear by 75 voltages. The frequency and time of freezing after irradiation were investigated. Results When 24 h after foot shocking, the values of freezing time: control group was 2.31 ±4. 17 , two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 3.93 ±6.99 and 2.47 ± 3.34, the Nemenyi test results (P = 0.004): control group was 32.63333, while two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 52.46667 and 39.76667; and the values of freezing frequency: control group was 0.73 ± 1.16 , two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 0.86 ± 1.41 and 1.07 ± 1.16, the Nemenyi test results of (P=0. 014): control group was 33. 26667, while two groups of the microwave irradiation 2 h were 50. 76667 and 40.90000. Conclusion The mice receiving relatively longer period of microwave irradiation showed more stable memory of the context conditioned fear.

Objective To invistigate molecular mechanism of the effect of aprotinin on platelets membrane glycoproyin during cardiopulmenary bypass Methods The venous blood of 20 healthy volunteers in the tubes containing 3 2% trisodium citrate or 5u/ml heparin,to evaluate the effect of aprotinin on the expressions of platelets membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ⅱb Ⅲa receptor and P seclectin with flow cytometric analysis Results Aprotinin at 50 200U/ml decreased the expression of activated GP Ⅱb Ⅲa complex in response to adenosine diphosphate or thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 in a dose dependent manner in both citrated and heparinized whole blood experiments (P

Objective:To study the significance of QT dispersion(QTd) changes in electrocardiogram(ECG) after coronary artery bypass graft. Methods:Forty eight patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft were studied. The changes of QTd were monitored by 12 lead electrocardiogram system before surgery (as baseline values), at the end of surgery, and 1 4 d and 7 d after surgery.Results:The baseline values for QTd was (56.32?2.25) ms.QTd were significantly longer as compared to the baseline values ( P

Age Factors ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; analysis

Objective To observe and compare the efficacy and safety between propofol-remifentanil and propofol-fentanyl for anesthesia of artificial abortion.Methods 200 ASA I patients scheduled for painless artificial abortion were randomly divided into two groups.R group were given intravenous remifentanil 1.0μg/kg then propofol 1～1.5mg/kg(n=100);F group were given intravenous fentanyl 0.05mg then propofol 1～1.5mg/kg(n=100).Total propofol dosage,analgesic effect during intro-and post-operative,consciousness loss time,wake-up time and independenly leaving time were recorded.BP,HR,SpO2 and side effects such as nausea and vomiting were observed during intro-and post-operative.Results The dosage of propofol was less in group R than that in group F[(80.4±10.8)mg vs(110.1±13.6)mg,P＜0.01)];consciousness loss time,wake-up time and independenly leave hospital time were shorter in group R than that in group F(P＜0.05);SpO2 down range and rate were significandy higher in group R(P＜0.05);Incidence of nausea and somnolence in group R was obviously lesS than that in group F.Conclusion Artifical abortion can be preformed effectively and safely with propofol-remifentanil or propofol-fentanyl,but propofol-remifentanil especially fits for painless artificial abortion compared with propofol-fantanyl.

Survivin gene is the strongest inhibitor of apoptosis so far.Recently,it was found that the promoter polymorphism of survivin gene is closely related to risk of cancer and genetic susceptibility.This finding might provide clues for further elucidation of the correlation of risk of cancer and genetic polymorphism,and for diagnosis,prevention and screening of cancer gene.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on patients with pancreatic cancer treated by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) under general anesthesia.Methods One hundred and twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing HIFU treatment,were divided into control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D) by random digits table method,each group with 60 cases.Dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused at 0.2 μ g/(kg· h) until the end of operation after a loading dose of 0.7 μg/kg over 15 min before induction of anesthesia in group D,while the equal volume of normal saline was infused in group C.Anesthesia was induced with intravenous injection of fentanyl 2-3 μg/kg and propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg at 5 min after administration of the loading dose.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane,remifentanil,propofol,cisatracurium.The propofol,remifentanil and sevoflurane consumption,the incidence of postoperative agitation,delirium,delayed recovery were recorded.Results The intraoperative heart rate in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05).The propofol,remifentanil and sevoflurane consumption in group D were significantly shorter than those in group C [(341.4 ± 45.7) mg vs.(520.5 ± 50.8) mg,(1.7 ± 0.5) mg vs.(2.3 ± 0.8) mg,(11.6 ± 4.1) ml vs.(16.7 ± 3.8) ml,P ＜ 0.05].The incidence of postoperative agitation and delirium in group D were significantly lower than those in group C [6.7％(4/60) vs.21.7％(13/60),8.3％ (5/60) vs.26.7％ (16/60),P ＜ 0.05].There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of delayed recovery between group D and group C [3.3％ (2/60) vs.1.7％ (1/60),P ＞ 0.05].Conclusions Dexmedetomidine given HIFU treatment of pancreatic cancer patients can reduce the amount of general anesthetic,reduce the incidence of postoperative agitation and delirium,intraoperative heart rate.

Objective To investigate the effect of ropivacaine combined with dexanmethasone sprayed intratracheally in patients with resistant tubes and postoperative sore throat.Methods Eighty patients ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into four groups by random digits tabel method,20 patients in each.2 ml of 0.75％ ropivacaine combined with 1 ml dexamethasone (group A) ; 2 ml of 0.75％ ropivacaine combined with 1 ml 0.9％ sodium (group B) ; 3 ml of 1％ tetracaine (group C); 3 ml of 0.9％ sodium (group D) were immediately intratracheal sprayed before intubation.The resistant tubes and degree of postoperative 24 h sore throat [by visual analog scale (VAS) scores],comfort [by Bruggrmann comfort scale (BCS) scores] and the incidence of sore throat were recorded.Results The resistant tubes appraised rate in group A,B and C was higher than that in group D [65.0％ (13/20),60.0％ (12/20),70.0％ (14/20) vs.5.0％ (1/20)] (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference among group A,B and C (P＞ 0.05).The incidence of sore throat at 24 h after surgery in group A,B and C was lower than that in group D [20.0％(4/20),25.0％ (5/20),25.0％ (5/20) vs.90.0％ (18/20)] (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference among group A,B and C (P＞ 0.05).The VAS and BCS scores in group A were better than those in group B,C and D [(0.52 ± 1.14) scores vs.(1.68 ± 1.42),(1.59 ± 1.33),(4.22 ± 1.95) scores,(2.80 ± 1.54) scores vs.(1.60 ± 1.19),(1.80 ± 1.20) and (0.45 ± 0.81) scores] (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences between group B and group C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Ropivacaine combined with dexamethasone sprayedintratracheally can significantly increase the degree of postoperative resistant tubes,decrease the rate of sore throat after general anesthesia,and increase patient' s comfort.

Objective To investigate the role of cerebellar dentate-interpositus (D-I) nuclei during acquisition of classical eyeblink conditioning in guinea pigs. Methods A 500 ms tone conditioned stimulus (CS) was paired with a 100 ms corneal oxygen-puff unconditioned stimulus (US) in a delay paradigm. Guinea pigs were trained daily to acquire the classically conditioned eyeblink responses. Micorinjections of Muscimol into bilateral cerebellar D-I nuclei were performed during the 4-6 day of training session. A high-resolution potentiometer was used to detect the eyeblink responses. Results The conditioned response (CR) rates of Muscimol-injected group on session 4-6 were significantly lower than their rates on session 3 (P1=0.005,P2=0.004,P3=0.010); Their rates on session 7 and 8 were as the same level as those without microinjection on session 4 and 5 (P1=0.061,P2=0.669). However, there was no significant difference on their amplitude and peak latency of unconditioned responses (URs) during the entire course of training (P1=0.926,P2=0.939). Conclusion The cerebellar D-I nucleus is actively involved in the neural circuitry of motor learning, which is essential for both acquisition and performance of the classically conditioned eyeblink responses.