Objective To study the effect of glutamine and arginine in rats with hepatic fibrosis.Methods Thirty male Wistar rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 for 6 weeks were randomly divided into control group(n=10)、glutamine treatment group(n=10) and arginine treatment group(n=10).At 8 weeks after treatment,the liver appearance、collagen protein level and the degree of hepatic fibrosis were observed.Results At the end of 8 weeks,there was no death of any group of the rats.The glutamine group showed the most severe hepatic fibrosis,the control group showed less,and the arginine group showed the least fibrosis.Conclusions The degree of hepatic fibrosis is aggravated by glutamine,while arginine obviously relieves rat hepatic fibrosis.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 16 patients with renal cell carcinoma complicatedwith sarcomatoid differentiation, so as to discuss the treatment and prognosis of the condition. Methods A total of 547 patients with renal cell carcinoma were admitted in our department during 2005-2009, and 16(2. 9%) ofthem also had sarcomatoid differentiation, including 7 males and 9 females, aged (52 ± 10) years old, ranging 36-70 years old. Gross hematuria was found in 5 patients, backache in 5, fatigue and weight loss in 2, cough and hemoptysis in 1; and 3 patients were accidentally found with renal occupation during physical examination. All tumors were solitary, with 7 in the left and 9 in right. The maximum tumor diameter was (7. 8±4. 1) cm, ranging 2-15 cm. Full examination was done to confirm the tumor stage preoperatively. Preoperative examination showed that 2 patients had retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement, 1 had right pulmonary hila lymphatic metastasis, 1 had livermetastasis, 2 had renal vein and (or) the inferior vena cava tumor thrombi, 3 had bone metastases, 1 had invasion of ipsilateral adrenal gland, and 1 had invasion of the upper ureter. All the 16 patients underwent surgical treatment,and their specimens were subjected to H-E staining and immunohistochemical examination. Five patients were treated with INF-α after operation and were followed up. Results All patients received radical nephrectomy. Pathological examination showedthat 9 patients had clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, 3 had chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, and the other 4 had unclassified renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation. No recurrence or metastasis was seen in the 4 pT1N0M0 patients. All the pT2-T4 patients died, with the progression-free survival time being (5. 6±4. 5) months, ranging 2-16 months; the overall survival time was (8. 3± 5. 6) months, ranging 3-20 months. Conclusion Preoperation staging of patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with sarcomatoid differentiation has a great impact on patient survival. Operation is the most effective treatment for patients with early stage, and routine follow? up examination is recommended post operatively. Targeted therapy may be an effective way for patients of advanced stag.

To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 16 patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with sarcomatoid differentiation, so as to discuss the treatment and prognosis of the condition. Methods A total of 547 patients with renal cell carcinoma were admitted in our department during 2005-2009, and 16(2.9%) of them also had sarcomatoid differentiation, including 7 males and 9 females, aged (52±10) years old, ranging 36-70 years old. Gross hematuria was found in 5 patients, backache in 5, fatigue and weight loss in 2, cough and hemoptysis in 1; and 3 patients were accidentally found with renal occupation during physical examination. All tumors were solitary, with 7 in the left and 9 in right. The maximum tumor diameter was (7.8±4.1) cm, ranging 2-15 cm. Full examination was done to confirm the tumor stage preoperatively. Preoperative examination showed that 2 patients had retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement, 1 had right pulmonary hila lymphatic metastasis, 1 had livermetastasis, 2 had renal vein and (or) the inferior vena cava tumor thrombi, 3 had bone metastases, 1 had invasion of ipsilateral adrenal gland, and 1 had invasion of the upper ureter. All the 16 patients underwent surgical treatment, and their specimens were subjected to H-E staining and immunohistochemical examination. Five patients were treated with INF-α after operation and were followed up. Results All patients received radical nephrectomy. Pathological examination showed that 9 patients had clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, 3 had chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation, and the other 4 had unclassified renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation. No recurrence or metastasis was seen in the 4 pT1N0M0 patients. All the pT2-T4 patients died, with the progression-free survival time being (5.6±4.5) months, ranging 2-16 months; the overall survival time was (8.3± 5.6) months, ranging 3-20 months. Conclusion Preoperation staging of patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with sarcomatoid differentiation has a great impact on patient survival. Operation is the most effective treatment for patients with early stage, and routine follow-up examination is recommended postoperatively. Targeted therapy may be an effective way for patients of advanced stage.

Abnormal activation of Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer; androgen receptor (AR) is the key for the transformation of androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC), and AR signaling pathway is now the focus of prostate cancer research. Many signal pathways can affect AR signaling pathway; in this paper we review the Wnt signaling pathway, androgen receptor and their crosstalk in prostate cancer.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; prevention & control ; Alveolar Process ; surgery ; Bone Regeneration ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; methods ; Humans ; Immediate Dental Implant Loading ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periodontitis ; surgery ; Tooth Extraction ; adverse effects ; Wound Healing

Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (CCL21) is a double-edged sword, which exerts antitumor, anti-infection immune response by binding to the receptor CCR7 on the surface of the multiple immune cells. However, a variety of tumor cells also express the receptor CCR7, the combination of CCL21 with CCR7promotes the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, leading to the facilitation of tumor development. Therefore,exploring the mechanism(s) of tumor invasion and metastasis might be helpful for use of CCL21 as tumor gene therapy through blocking of CCL21's promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis.

Objective To conduct targeted surveillance of nosocomial infections in intensive care units(ICU)to provide reference for comprehensive infection control . Methods All the 374 patients treated in ICU in 2013 were investigated by targeted surveillance methods .Results A total of 82 episodes of nosocomial infections were identified in 62 (16 .6% )of the 374 patients . The cumulative hospital stay was 2 724 days .The infection incidence per patient‐day was 22 .8‰ .The infection in ICU was primarily pneumonia (75 .6% ,including 39 ventilator‐associated pneumonia) ,bloodstream infections (including 6 central line‐associated bloodstream infections ) and catheter‐associated urinary tract infections . The incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia ,central line‐associated bloodstream infection and catheter‐associated urinary tract infection was 33 .3‰ ,2 .8‰ , 2 .3‰ patient‐day ,respectively .Overall ,74 strains of pathogens were isolated ,of which 93 .2% ,5 .4% and 1 .4% were gram‐negative bacilli ,gram‐positive cocci and fungi ,respectively .The top three gram‐negative bacilli were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(25 .7% ),Klebsiellapneumoniae(14 .9% ),and Acinetobacterbaumannii(10 .8% ).Conclusions Theincidenceof nosocomial infection was 16 .6 % in ICU patients ,of which device‐related infection accounted for 62 .2 % .Control of equipment‐related infections is critical for curbing the nosocomial infections in ICU . The antimicrobial regimens for ICU patients should cover gram‐negative bacilli .

Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; MicroRNAs

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of echo-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(RFA) by using a LeVeen needle electrode combination in the treatment of large liver tumor,and to discuss the relationship between the amount as well as the distribution pattern of the electrodes and the therapeutic effectiveness.Methods During the period of Feb.2006-Dec.2008,echo-guided RFA was performed in 113 patients with large and unresectable liver tumor,with a total of 118 lesions.According to the size of the tumor,the patients were divided into four groups.The tumor’s diameter of Group A(n = 64) was 4.0-5.0 cm,Group B(n = 28) was 5.1-6.0 cm,Group C(n = 11) was 6.1-7.0 cm and Group D(n = 10) was 7.1-9.3 cm.Based on the tumor’s diameter,the amount of the electrodes to be used and the sites to be ablated were determined.After the procedure,the follow-up checks with MRI or CT scanning were carried out to observe the necrotic extent and the local recurrence.Results Two months after the treatment,the complete necrosis rate of the tumor in Group A,B,C and D was 88.4%,78.6%,63.6% and 40.0%,respectively,with an overall necrosis rate of 79.7% in total 118 lesions.During a follow-up period of 3-36 months,the local recurrence rate in Group A,B,C and D was 5.5%,10.0%,28.6% and 50.0%,respectively.Severe complications,including intrahepatic infection(n = 2),puncture passage bleeding(n = 1),symptomatic pleural effusion(n = 4) and biloma(n = 2),occurred in 9 cases.No death related to RFA treatment occurred.Conclusion Echo-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation by means of multi-sites superimposition method with a LeVeen needle electrode combination is an safe and effective therapy for the hepatic tumors with the diameter over 4 cm.