As the reference method, microscopic examination is still the most basic method of red cell morphology examination.There are several ways to improve the laboratory personnel's skill and ability on abnormal erythrocyte morphology diagnosis, including deep understanding of pathological mechanisms of abnormal red cell morphology, raising the ability of recognizing abnormal red blood cell that are of great clinical value, following and implementing rules to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the examinations, standardizing reports of abnormal erythrocyte morphology.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of normative ankle balance training on chronic ankle instability (CAI).Methods Ninety patients were randomized into control group (17 males,28 females;13-26 years,mean 19.6 years) and experiment group (18 males,27 females;14-27 years,mean 20.3 years) according to the random number table.There were 19 left ankles and 26 right ankles injured in control group,and 19 left ankles and 26 right ankles injured in experiment group.Patients in control group only completed routine muscle strength training.Besides the routine muscle strength training,balance training (rubber band,spongy cushion,balance pedal,rubber balance ball and jump ball) were added in experiment group.The two groups were compared with respect to foot and ankle disability index (FADI),anterior,posterior-median and 45° to posterolateral direction reach distance of star excursion balance test (SEBT) and visual analogue score (VAS).Results After training,comparison of experiment and control groups showed significant differences in FADI (35.16 ± 3.23 and 22.33 ± 1.36),SEBT distance in posterior median direction [(78.59 ± 7.22) ％ and (71.89 ±7.11)％],SEBT distance in 45° to posterolateral direction [(75.79 ± 8.27)％ and (68.95 ±8.03) ％] and VAS [(3.01 ± 0.91) scores and (3.42 ± 1.02) scores] (P ＜ 0.05).For intragroup comparison,FADI,SEBT and VAS in experimental group showed significant differences before and after training (P ＜ 0.05),but only FADI in control group differed significantly before and after training (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Normative balance training can improve CAI patients' self-feelings of dynamic balance and instability with satisfactory therapeutic efficacy,and is worthy to be popularized.

(Ver)-induced human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells apoptosis.hours to induce RPE cells apoptosis.The expression of apoptotic effector gene caspase-3 was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Single cell was measured using fluorescence indicator Fura-3/AM with MetaFluo4.5/coolsnapfx/IX70 intracellular Ca2+ fluorescence imaging system.RPE cells and it significantly increased after co-cultured with Ver.The fluorescence in resting RPE cells was strong and distributed throughout the cells.The nucleus appeared more fluorescent than the cytoplasm.Calcium fluorescence of RPE cells attenuated after co-cultured with Ver.[Ca2+]i homeostasis might play pivotal roles in Ver-induced RPE cells apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the size distribution and change of plasma DNA in different gestational weeks between the normal and abnormal pregnancy.Methods Two methods were applied to measuring the lengths of different derived plasma DNA fragments.For the maternal derived DNA,GAPDH gene distribution of each DNA in size-fractionated fragment was assayed by real-time PCR after gel electrophoresis separation;for the fetal derived DNA,size distribution of SRY gene of fetal derived DNA was also determined by using a series of real-time PCR.Results Compared with that of matenal derived DNA,the fragment length of fetal derived DNA was mostly shorter than 300 bp.Compared with that in mid-pregnancy,plasma maternal derived DNA fragment distribution had no significant difference in late-pregnancy and in patients with high-risk of carrying a Down's child,whereas fetal derived DNA fragment was a bit longer.Conclusion The fragment length of fetal derived DNA is significantly longer than that of fetal one in maternal blood.Moreover,because of abnormal pregnancy and accompanied with the pregnancy progress,the number and physico-chemical property(fragment length,for example) of fetal derived DNA has a certain change.

Objective A meta-analysis was conducted to figure out the effects of anesthetic methods on postoperative myocardial infarction in noncardiac surgery patients.Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, Google scholar, CNKI, Wang-fang data and VIP Database (by September 2016) to identify relevant studies that focused on the effect of intrathecal blockade on postoperative myocardial infarction and mortality in non-cardiac surgery.Meta-analysis was performed using software of RevMan 5.3.Results A total of 21 859 patients from 10 RCTs were enrolled.The meta-analysis showed that there were no differences in myocardial infarction within 7 postoperative days (OR=0.44, 95%CI 0.13-1.46, P=0.18) or 30 days (OR=1.49, 95%CI 0.89-2.49, P=0.13) and all-cause mortality (OR=1.26, 95%CI 0.84-1.88, P=0.26) between epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia and general anesthesia.Furthermore, there were no differences in myocardial infarction within postoperative 7 days (OR=1.14, 95%CI 0.31-4.17, P=0.84) and all-cause mortality within postoperative 30 days (OR=0.88, 95%CI 0.43-1.79, P=0.73) between spinal anesthesia alone and general anesthesia alone.Conclusion Intrathecal blockade cannot affect the incidence of myocardial infarction and mortality in high-risk cardiac patients undergoing intermediate or high-risk non-cardiac surgery.

Objective To observe and analyze the oral and maxillofacial appearance of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)and to explore the effective detection methods of hunman immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,aimed at early diagnosis of HIV infection and AIDS,providing reference for treatment and prevention.Methods 21 6 cases of suspected HIV infec-tion and AIDS therapy-naive patients in the department of infection disease in this hospital,from January 2012 to March 2014,were selected.Oral and maxillofacial appearances,detection methods and its results were retrospectively analysed.Results The main clinical manifestations of patients with HIV infection and AIDS were oral candidiasis,oral hairy leukoplakia,herpes simplex virus infection,Kaposi′s sarcoma,periodontal disease,ulcer disease and other abnormal attribute.All of the 21 6 samples were positive in the preliminary screening,214 cases were confirmed by western blotting(WB),and the sensitivity,specificity and false positive rate were 99.07%,100.00% and 0.926%,repectively.Conclusion Focusing on clinical symptoms and signs in oral and maxillofacial re-gion of patients with HIV infection and AIDS could provide significant references for clinical diagnosis,and combing detection meth-ods of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and WB could make a definite diagnosis,which might be benefit to make effec-tive prevention and treatment measures and in order to control the infection and improve the prognosis.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment rule of eczema by Zhuang Guokang. Methods Data of 58 eczema patients treated by Zhuang Guokang were collected as research objects to set up the database. Support vector machine (SVM) method was adopted to take data mining research of the key points of syndrome differentiation and the rule of medication. Results The nourishing Yin method was extracted as the category property to get 3 classification models of the syndrome differentiation key points, the related treatment methods and medication rule and 63 relevant quantitative data. The accuracy rate of model classification of the main differentiation points of nourishing Yin method corresponding to Yin reached 77.586%, and Kappa value was 0.536. Among these points, the weight of chapping(1.558), papules(1.456), thready pulse(1.036)and desquamation(0.858) got higher significance. The accuracy rate of model classification of medication feature reached 86.2069%, and Kappa value was 0.719. Among these medicines, Pseudostellaria heterophylla(0.776), Semen plantaginis (0.550), Asparagus root(0.525) and Solomonseal (0.388) got higher significance. Conclusion The research revealed the syndrome differentiation key points and the medication rule of Zhuang Guokang’snourishing Yin methodin the treatment of eczema, and explored the path of experience transforming to knowledge of the famous old TCM doctors.

BACKGROUND: α-lipoic acid is named as “nature antioxidant” and “mitochondrial nutrition”. But it is unclear whether α-lipoic acid can be used to protect skeletal muscle with chronic hypoxia exposure, as wel as the relative mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of α-lipoic acid on the antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress in rat skeletal muscle with chronic hypoxia exposure, and to investigate the relative signaling pathway of α-lipoic acid. METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normoxia control group, hypoxia control group, and hypoxia+α-lipoic acid group. Rats in the hypoxia control group were subjected to hypoxia exposure in normobaric hypoxic tent with 11.3% oxygen concentration. Rats in the hypoxia+α-lipoic acid group were induced by adding α-lipoic acid (0.25%) in the normal diet. Al the interventions were lasted for 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: α-lipoic acid in hypoxia could markedly enhance the mitochondrial Sirtuin-3 expression, improve the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis activity and membrane potential, up-regulate the mitochondrial state 3 respiratory rate, respiratory control ratio and ratio of phosphorus to oxygen, down-regulate the mitochondrial state 4 respiratory rate and promote and up-regulate the activity of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, thus inhibiting mitochondrial H2O2 generation rate and reducing mitochondrial malondialdehyde level. The results indicated that α-lipoic acid could improve the efficiency of energy metabolism of chronic hypoxia skeletal muscle mitochondria and inhibit reactive oxygen generation, and it could inhibit the oxidative stress through improving antioxidant enzyme activity of mitochondria. The protection mechanism of α-lipoic acid on hypoxia skeletal muscle mitochondria may be related to the increasing of mitochondrial state 3 respiratory rate.

Objective To investigate the effects of intra-articular injection of ropivacaine plus compound betamethasone after arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis.Methods A total of 164 patients with knee osteoarthritis after arthroscopic debridement were randomly divided into three groups:combination group (n=62) treated by 2 ml sodium hyaluronate and 0.75％ ropivacaine of 5 ml plus 1 ml compound betamethasone,compound betamethasone group (n=54) by 2 ml sodium hyaluronate and 1 ml compound betamethasone,control group (n=48) by simply sodium hyaluronate.The Lequesne Index was used to evaluate the clinical effects before and 1 week,6 weeks and 12 weeks after operation.All patients received at least 12 weeks follow-up Results According to Lequesne Index score criteria,a significant decrease was found in all groups before versus after operation(P＜0.05).The clinical effects in combination group and compound betamethasone group were more improved as compared with control group at 1,6 and 12 weeks after operation (P＜0.05).The effect in combination group was better than compound betamethasone group at 1 and 6 weeks after operation,but not at 12 weeks (P＞0.05).Conclusions The intra-articular injection of ropivacaine plus compound betamethasone after arthroscopic debridement is a good method for relieving pain and improving the knee function.

Objective To compare the dose distribution of the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT)and 5-field or 7-field intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT), and to explore the value of IMRT in preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer.Methods Ten rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative combination radiotherapy and chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. 3D-CRT plan and the 5.field or 7-field IMRT plans were performed for each patient.The conformal index (CI),heterogeneity index(HI)of the planning target volume(PTV)and the dose of normal organs of 3D-CRT plan(3D-CRTp)and the 5-field or 7-field IMRT plans(IMRT5fp or IMRT7fp)were analyzed with the dose-volume histogram.Results The CI values of PTV were 0.91,0.87 and 0.78 in IMRT7fpIMRT5fp and 3D- CRT but with IMRT7fp>IMRT5fp>3D-CRTp(t=-5.69、-8.91,P<0.01),respectively.The HI values of PrV were 1.09,1.08 and 1.05 in IMRT5fp,IMRT7fp and 3D- CRTp but with IMRT5fp >IMRT7fp>3D- CRTp(t=3.41、-6.89,P<0.01),respectively.The ratio of dose volume were 0.08,0.10 and 0.19(t=2.79、3.52,P<0.05)in IMRT7fp,IMRT5fp and 3D- CRTp on the small intestine V50,with 0.07,0.10 and 0.19(t=2.58、3.40,P<0.05)in IMRT7fp,IMRT5fp and 3D-CRTp on the bladder V50 and 0.01,0.01 and 0.05(t=3.00、3.17,P<0.01)in IMRT7fp,IMRT5fp and 3D- CRTp on the fomoral head V45.The ratio of dose volume were 0.31 and 0.38(t=3.91,P<0.01)in IMRT7fp and IMRT5fp on the bone marrow V50,with 0.07 and 0.10 in IMRT7fp and IMRT5fp on bladder V45.Conclusions IMRT plan is superior to 3 D- CRT plan in dose conformal degrees of PTV with preoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer and can significantly protect the normal tissues.The 7-field IMRT plan might be the optimal plan for dose conformal degree and dose uniformity compared with 5-field IMRT.