No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

PURPOSE: To examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and differentiate factors associated with them in urban and rural areas by applying the Ecological Models of Health Behavior. METHODS: We employed a cross-sectional design and convenience sample of 460 female adolescents. The instruments included the Adolescent Mental-Health Problem-Behavior Questionnaire (AMPQ-II) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were confirmed in 15.7% of urban adolescents and 22.9% of rural adolescents (p < .05). In the urban group, perception of health and stress associated with school performance were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. In the rural group, academic/internet related problems and rule violations were significantly associated with depressive symptoms (p < .05). General life happiness, worry/anxiety, and mood/suicidal ideation were common factors in both urban and rural areas (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Multiple factors were associated with depressive symptoms, and those significant factors differed between urban and rural female youths. Accordingly, tailored approaches are required considering urban and rural differences. The approaches should include intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational levels of interventions.
Adolescent* ; Depression* ; Female* ; Happiness ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea* ; Prevalence ; Problem Behavior

PURPOSE: The purpose was to evaluate the effects of a transtheoretical model (TTM) based exercise counseling offered with music skipping rope exercise on components of the TTM (stages of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy), body mass index, glucose, and lipid profile of overweight/obese children in Korea. METHODS: This study used a nonequivalent pretest and posttest experimental study design. A total of 75 overweight/obese children participated in the study. Eight sessions of exercise counseling combined with music skipping rope exercise for 12 weeks were offered for children in the experimental group, while one session of exercise counseling with music skipping rope exercise for 12 weeks was offered for children in the control group. Outcomes were measured at baseline, and 6 months after the intervention. RESULTS: After the intervention, self-efficacy significantly improved among children in the experimental group (p = .049), while these children maintained their baseline BMI at 6-month follow-up (p > .05). Among children in the control group, BMI significantly increased (p < .05). Fasting blood sugar significantly increased for both groups after the intervention (p < .05). However, a greater increase was observed for the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our study partially supports the hypothesis that a TTM-based exercise intervention is effective in maintaining BMI and improving self-efficacy of overweight/obese children. The TTM-based counseling combined with exercise classes has potential to control weight among overweight/obese children, while involvement of parents and children in the development of the theory-based intervention may generate further benefits regarding health and well-being of overweight/obese children.
Adolescent ; Attitude to Health ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Counseling/*methods ; Exercise Therapy/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Music Therapy/*methods ; Pediatric Obesity/*prevention & control ; Play and Playthings ; Self Efficacy ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Ovary*

This study was done to survey on the health educational experience and needs for development of health educational information service program on internet. The respondents of this survey were 302 students in the elementary, middle and high school of Ewha Womans University from 14 June to 30 in 1998. The results were as follows ; 1. They had taken health educational class 86.8% in elementary school. 49.1% in milled school and 77.3% in high school. There was significant difference in the level of school(p<.000). 2. They would like to use health educational information service program on internet, 58.2% of middle school students and 74.8% of high school students. 3. The interested area of health educational information service program on internet were exercise(51.9%), dental health(51.0%) in elementary school, exercise(47.5%), disease management(44.4%) in middle school and sex education(45.3%), exercise(41.9%) in high school. In the future, we should develop health educational information service program on internet that reflect the needs of students and provide them with comprehensive informations.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Equidae* ; Female ; Humans ; Information Services* ; Internet* ; Program Development*

This study was performed to evaluate the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire used to obtain information about. dietary patterns of adults in a rural county, Yang-pyeung Gun. The study population was 1311 adults aged 17~85 years. And well-trained interviewers interviewed subjects in 1990, 1992, 1993. The results are as follows. 1) Nutrients intake calculated from each questionnaire showed significant difference, because the number of question was not same(fifty questions in 1990, eighty questions in 1992, 1993). 2) Estimated nutrients intake from separate food items was significantly different when food items are combined in one question. 3) The agreement of nutrients intake level except vit C were high when the subjects are cross-classified by their ranks on the nutrients intake level from items in both questionnaires and on the nutrient intake level from items in each questionnaire. 4) And analysing this study data by multiple stepwise regression, we selected twenty seven food items whic could explained over 85% of inter-individual variation of nutrients(energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, vit A, vit B1, vit B2, vit C, Ca). From above results, we suggested that it is neccessary to standardize questionnaire and perform validity studies.
Adult ; Humans ; Korea* ; Rural Population* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In a study of intacranial metastases, 46 cases having satisfactory clinical, operative and histological proofswere analyzed by computerized tomography at Presbyterian Medical Center from May, 1982 to February, 1986. Theresults were as follows: 1. The male to female ratio of itracranial metastases were 67:33. The 5th decade group(34.8%) was the most prevalent age group, followed by the 6th decade(21.7%) and 7th decade(21.7%). 2. The numberof lesions was found to be: single-25 cases(54.3%); multiple-21 cases(45.7%). 3. The source of intracranialmetastases found to be: lung 15 cases(32.6%); unknown 12 cases(26.0%); chorioca 3 cases(6.5%); liver 3cases(6.5%); liver 3 cases(6.5%); stomach 2 cases(4.3%); parotid, breast, kidney, prostate, melanoma, rectal ca.rhabdomyosarcoma, nasal ca. lymphoma, testicular ca, cervix, each 1 case(2.2%). 4. The locations of theintracranial metastases were as follows: Cerebral hemisphere 37.7% in parietal region Cerebra hemisphere 15.9% inin frontal region Cerebral hemisphere 13.4% in occipital region Cerebra hemisphere 10.5% in temporal regionCerebellar hemisphere 3.2% Cerebellopontine angle 3.2% Intraventricular 4.8% Meninges 4.8% Skull vault 6.5% 5.Peritumor edema was found to be: Grade II-17 cases(37.0%): Grade III-14 cases(30.4%); Grade I-8 cases(17.4%);Grade 0–7 cases(15.2%) in that order. 6. The chief complaints of intracranial metastases on admission, were asfollows: Headache 30 cases(65.2%); Vomiting 11 casees(23.9%); deteriorated mental state 10 cases(21.6%);Hemiplegia 7 cases(15.2%); visual disturbance 6 cases(13.0%); hemiparesis 4 cases(8.7%); seizure 4 cases(8.7%);other symptoms were less frequent. 7. On pre-contrast scan, hyperdense lesions were present in 18 cases(39.1%);hypodense lesions in 15 cases(32.6%); mixed density in 8 cases(17.4%); isodenisty was present in 5 cases(10.9%).On post-contrast scan, ring enhancement was seen in 19 cases(41.3%); nodular enhancement in 17 cases(37%); mixedring-nodular enhancement in 8 cases(17.4%); only hypodense 2 cases(4.3%).
Breast ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; Cerebrum ; Cervix Uteri ; Edema ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Melanoma ; Meninges ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Occipital Lobe ; Paresis ; Parietal Lobe ; Prostate ; Protestantism ; Seizures ; Skull ; Stomach ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Foreign-Body* ; Leuprolide*

The authors present 2 cases of malignant pituitary adenoma. One case has remote metastases to the right frontal lobe, and the other case has invasion into the adjacent temporal lobe and malignant features histologically. Malignant pituitary adenoma constitute less than 1% of the large reported series of pituitary adenoma, which defined as (1) it burst its capsule to invade the adjacent nervous structures or bone, (2) it shows malignant features histologically, such as frequent mitoses, anaplasia with hyperchromatic pleomorphic cells, loss of alveolar arrangement, and (3) presence of distant metastases.
Anaplasia ; Frontal Lobe ; Mitosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Temporal Lobe

Kerion celsi is an inflammatory type of tinea capitis. It is a deep, boggy swelling and is painful. Patchy hair loss and broken hairs, inflammation and scaling are characteristic. We report a case of kerion celsi caused by Trichophyton(T.) mentagrophytes in 4 year-old boy. He presented with 6 cm x 7 cm and 2cm x 2cm sized erythematous boggy masses with multiple pustules and crusts on the vertex. Cultures from a scalp lesion of the patient on Sabouraud dextrose agar media showed T. mentagrophytes. Treatment was done systemically with itraconazole and prednisolone for 14 weeks.
Agar ; Child, Preschool ; Glucose ; Hair ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Itraconazole ; Male ; Prednisolone ; Scalp ; Tinea Capitis* ; Trichophyton*