Heart failure is a syndrom of heart disease with high morbidity and mortality .There are more and more evidence indicating immune activation developing important role in the occurrence and development of heart failure . Interleukin (IL)‐35 ,known as a negative regulatory factor of one of the members of IL‐12 family ,participates pathogenetic process of heart failure .The present article made a review for influence of IL‐35 on heart failure .

Blood Platelets ; Humans ; MicroRNAs

Diving ; Humans ; Otitis Externa ; prevention & control

Background The rejection following keratoplasty still is a leading cause of corneal transplantation failure.Studies showed that the interleukin-22 (IL-22) ,one of the effector molecules of T helper cell 17 (Th17) participated on the rejection after heart,liver and bone marrow transplantation.However,the effect of IL-22 on corneal graft rejection is not well understood.Objective This study was to investigate the expression of IL-22 mRNA in the corneal grafts and the role of IL-22 in the immune rejection after corneal transplantation in rats.Methods Seventy-two Wistar rats were randomized into autologous keratoplasty group,allograft keratoplasty group and anti-rejection group,and other 4 normal Wistar rats served as normal control group.Autologous keratoplasty was operated on the Wistar rats of the autologous keratoplasty group,and allograft keratoplasty were carried out with the 24 SD rats as donors and 48 Wistar rats as recipients.Tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drops were topically administrated after autologous keratoplasty for 2 weeks in the anti-rejection group.The experimental eyes were examined by slit lamp microscope after surgery and graft survival was evaluated based on the rejection scoring criteria of Larkin.Intergroup accumulated survival rates of grafts were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis.Histopathological examination of grafts was carried out in 5 and 14 days after operation respectively,and the related expression levels of IL-22 mRNA and aryl hydrocar-bon receptor (AhR) mRNA were carried out by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The feeding and use of the experimental animals followed the Guangdong provincial regulations on the management of experimental animals.The experimental design was approved by the ethics committee of Southern Medical University.Results The median survival time of grafts in the allograft keratoplasty group was 10 days,and that in the anti-rejection group was 17 days,showing a significant survival extention in the anti-rejection group (x2=16.442,P =0.000).Significant differences were found among the 4 groups in the related expression levels of IL-22 mRNA in both 5 days and 14 days after surgery (postoperative 5 days : F=2.44,P =0.00;postoperative 14 days: F=267.92, P =0.00), and the related expression levels of IL-22 mRNA were remarkably higher in the allograft keratoplasty group than those in the anti-rejection group at different time points (postoperative 5 days :9.70±0.35 vs.0.46±0.21;postoperative 14 days : 23.12 ± 1.89 vs.3.14±0.94) (both at P＜0.05).The related expression levels of AhR mRNA in the grafts were considerably different among the 4 groups (postoperative 5 days : F =395.73, P =0.00;postoperative 14 days : F =942.37, P =0.00) , and the expression levels were significantly elevated in the allograft keratoplasty group compared with the anti-rejection group at various time points (postoperative 5 days:2.52±0.32 vs.1.89±0.10;postoperative 14 days:7.20±0.25 vs.2.60±0.17) (both at P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression level of IL-22 RNA up-regulates in the grafts with immuno-rejection.Topical administration of tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drops inhibits the rejection after keratoplasty.AhR plays a regulative role to the expression of IL-22 in rats after keratoplasty.

Cinobufacini is an aqueous extract of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor dried skin, which has been widely used for cancer therapy in China. So far, its active components are still not very clear. In previous reports, bufadienolides with low-concentration were usually studied because of their anticancer effects. However, the high polarity constituents in cinobufacini are less investigated. The present study found that more than 50% contents of cinobufacini were water-soluble peptides. Then, in vitro anticancer experiments were carried out, including human stomach cancer cell lines BGC823 and MCG803, human colon cancer cell lines DLD-1 and HT-29, and human pancreatic cancer cell line MIAPACA-2. The IC50 for these cell lines model were ranged from 25-123 microgmL(-1). The results indicated that these peptides showed similar activity with cinobufacini injection. As a conclusion, this study provides a new and further understanding of anticancer components in cinobufacini injection.

Effect of ginsenoside total saponin (GTS) on the regulation of P450 of livers of rats after γ-ray irradiation was studied. Rats were irradiated by the ⁶⁰Coγ-ray for one-time dose of 5.5 Gy, dose rate of 117.1-119.2 cGy. The cocktail probe, qPCR and Western blot were used to detect expression of enzymatic activites, mRNA and protein of rats. Contrasted with blank group, expression of CYP1A2, 2B1, 2E1, 3A4 of irradiation group showed a up-regulated (P < 0.05). Contrasted with irradiation group, exprression of CYP1A2, 2B1, 2E1, 3A4 of GTS group showed a downward trend. GTS had negative agonistic action against expression of P450 of rats by irradiatied.
Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gamma Rays ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; radiation effects ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enoyl-CoA Hydratase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of enoyl coenzyme A hydratase-1 (Ech1) on the proliferation and invasion ability of mouse hepatocarcinoma Hca-P cells in vitro.

METHODSRecombinant pcDNA3.1(+)-Ech1 gene and pcDNA3.1(+) were transfected into Hca-P cells by cationic liposomes introduction. Clone of PEch1 cells that stably expressing Ech1 and clone of control Pvector cells were screened by G418. The Ech1 expression was identified subsequently by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The malignant behaviors of the cell lines were compared by proliferation, invasion and migration test.

RESULTSThe cell line Hca-P cells stably expressing Ech1 gene was constructed. The relative expression of Ech1 mRNA in the PEch1 group was 3.21 ± 0.43 and in the Pvector group was 1.44 ± 0.03, with a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.029). The results of ELISA revealed that the expression of Ech1 protein was 0.140 ± 0.005 in the PEch1 group, 0.088 ± 0.003 in the Pvector group, and 0.078 ± 0.006 in the Hca-P group, showing a significant difference between the PEch1 group and the Pvector and Hca-P groups (P < 0.05). Transwell migration test showed that the number of penetrated cells in the PEch1 group was 143.00 ± 7.25 cells, significantly higher than that of the Pvector group (95.73 ± 3.88 cells) and un-treated Hca-1 group (106.67 ± 3.54 cells, both P < 0.05). The Transwell invasion assay showed that the number of penetrated cells was 77.20 ± 5.46 cells in the PEch1 group, significantly higher than 46.34 ± 4.35 cells in the Pvector group and 49.80 ± 5.21 cells in the un-treated Hca-1 group (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that overexpressed Ech1 in Hca-P cells may significantly increase the cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner. The up-regulation of Ech1 may increase to some extent the migration and invasion capacity of Hca-P cells. The efforts aiming at up-regulation of Ech1 expression may become a therapeutic target in the treatment of hepatocarcinoma.

Animals ; Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Isomerases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; enzymology ; pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Up-Regulation

Acetates ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Diving ; adverse effects ; Ear Canal ; injuries ; Nitrogen ; Oxygen ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rabbits

Objective To summarize the timing and diagnostic value of endoscopic biopsy of intestinal graft after small bowel transplantation (SBTx).Methods Fifteen cases of SBTx were divided into 3 eras:era Ⅰ (1994-1995)-3 cases of SBTx treated with cyclosporine-based immunosuppression; era Ⅱ (2003-2006)-7 cases of SBTx treated with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression,and era Ⅲ (2007-present) than CVC group 5 cases of SBTx treated with Atemtuzumab induction therapy and maintenance tacrolimus monotherapy.The scheme of endoscopic surveillance was initially used in era Ⅲ, the first endoscopic biopsy was performed on postoperative day 3,2 times weekly during the first month, followed once weekly during months 2-3, once every other week during months 4-6 and once monthly thereafter.When clinical signs and symptoms of rejection were present, and during rejection episodes, the additional endoscopic biopsies were also performed.Results A total of 276 biopsies of these 15 SBTx recipients were obtained.Fifty-one biopsies (18.5%) were diagnosed as acute cellular rejection (ACR), which included IND to mild (n = 32,11.6 %), moderate (n = 9,3.3 %), and severe (n = 1 0, 3.6 %), two biopsies (0.7 %) were diagnosed as cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis and other 2 biopsies (0.7 %) bacteria enteritis.The ACR episodes verified by biopsy pathology and undergoing anti-rejection treatment were 20 (11 IND to mild,5 moderate,and 4 severe) ,and 1 episode of CMV enteritis and 1 episode of bacteria enteritis were observed.Conclusion Endoscopic surveillance and biopsy pathology is crucial diagnostic tool for ACR and sepsis.ACR surveillance after SBTx and early diagnosis of ACR could be made with scheming endoscopic biopsies.Endoscopic biopsy can be used to make differential diagnosis when clinical signs and symptoms were present, and to guide the treatment during anti-rejection episode.