Esthetic is one of the prime goal of the orthodontic treatment. The upper incisor position in important because it is decisive in balanced smile. This study was attempted to obtain the standards and equations on the esthetic upper incisor position. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 66 Korean young adult females who were candidates of Miss Korea Beauty Contest were traced, measured and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows ; 1. The mean and standard deviation of the measurement for upper incisor position were obtained in the Korean Beauty. 2. Among the measurements of the axis of upper incisor, 1 to SN and 1 to FH were high1y correlated with FH-MP, ANB, FH-N Pag, Y-axis, but 1 to SN (Is-Pr) to present axial inclination of labial surface of upper Incisor didn't have any correlation with the measurements for dentofacial pattern. 3. Among the measurements for the vertical position of upper incisor, 1 to stom had low correlation with to measurements for dentofacial pattern and 1 to PP(mm) was highly correlated with the measurements for facial growth direction. 4. Sixteen multiple regression equations were established to predict upper incisor position balancing with dentofacial pattern. 5. It does not have much power of persuasion to predict esthetic upper incisor position from the measurements for dentofacial pattern.
Adult* ; Beauty ; Female* ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Korea ; Persuasive Communication ; Young Adult

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma is rare and presents variable symptoms. Its difficulty to diagnosis delays appropriate treatment. We would like to report an unusual case of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma. The patient came to the emergency room with dyspnea, palpitation, and cyanosis. He had a history of hospitalization for Fontan operation due to congenital heart disease. Despite medication, his blood pressure remained high. After additional laboratory and image exams, he was diagnosed with extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma and had surgical treatment. The final pathology report was extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma with high risk of malignancy. The postoperative course was uneventful and showed normal laboratory results even after 3 months of outpatient follow-up. Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma presents variable symptoms. We should consider endocrinologic diseases like extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma in cases presenting with palpitation and high blood pressure, even with a past history of cardiac surgery.
Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Cyanosis ; Dyspnea ; Emergencies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Outpatients ; Paraganglioma ; Pheochromocytoma ; Porphyrins ; Thoracic Surgery

PURPOSE: Planovalgus deformity in children with generalized ligamentous laxity is usually asymptomatic, but it sometimes causes severe deformity and functional problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate, post-operatively, functional outcomes, plantar pressure and radiographic results of symptomatic planovalgus with generalized ligamentous laxity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included a total of 42 feet of 24 patients that had undergone a calcaneal lengthening osteotomy or an extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis. The mean age of the patients at the time of the index operation was 10.5 years (range, 6-15.6 years), and the mean duration of follow-up was 51 months (range, 18-92 months). Patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically using the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire, AOFAS score, Mosca criteria, standard radiographs and dynamic pedobarographs. RESULTS: Functional outcomes at the latest available follow-up were excellent except for three feet. No foot had a significant limitation affecting the patient's daily activities. Both surgical treatments improved radiographic parameters. The parameters of dynamic pedobarographs, including the relative vertical impulse and the peak pressure, decreased for the medial aspect of the forefoot and midfoot, while they increased for the lateral aspect of the forefoot, midfoot and calcaneus after surgical treatment. The change in the center of pressure indicated a significant lateral shift in the weight-bearing surface of the foot. CONCLUSION: Calcaneal lengthening osteotomy and extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis appear to be effective means for pain relief and clinical improvement in children with symptomatic planovalgus deformity and generalized ligamentous laxity. Further follow-up evaluation is needed to obtain long-term clinical and radiographic results with regard to skeletal maturation and changes in generalized ligamentous laxity.
Animals ; Ankle ; Arthrodesis ; Calcaneus ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Osteotomy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Weight-Bearing

Intraabdominal abscess usually causes distress with fever, leukocytosis, pain and toxicity. Diagnosis of intraabdominal abscess is occasionally difficult and it has high morbidity. However radiologic method, such as ultrasonography, CT scan, or RI scan are helpful to early detection of intraabdominal abscess. Among these methods, ultrasonography is a noninvasive technique and performed without discomfort to patient. And also differential diagnosis between cystic and solid lesion is very easy and sequential ultrasonography in same patient is valuable for the evaluation of treatment effect. We analyzed the ultrasonic features of 48 cases with intraabdominal abscesses and the results are as follows; 1. In total 48 cases, the intraabdominal abscesses were 30 cases, the retroperitoneal abscesses, 5 cases, and the visceral abscesses, 13 cases. 2. The causes of the intraabdominal abscesses were perforating appendicitis (25 cases), postoperative complications (5 cases), pyogenic and amebic hepatic abscesses (13 cases), and the other (5 cases). 3. Round or oval shaped lesions were 26 cases (54%), irregular shape, 18 cases (38%), and multiple abscess formation in 4 cases (8%). 4. The size of the lesions were between 5 and 10cm in diameter in 54% of total 48 cases, and the most frequent feature of the echo pattern of the lesions was cystic with or without internal echogenicity (69%).
Abdominal Abscess* ; Abscess ; Appendicitis ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fever ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Liver Abscess ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Humans ; Insemination* ; Spermatozoa*

Endosteum and bone marrow thermal necrosis caused by reaming during tibial intramedullary nail insertion, and unskilled operation of soft tissue penestration by reamer resulted in chronic osteomyelitis and soft tissue defect. So, several times of free flaps were done but the result was unsuccessful. At last, the authors performed radical necrotic bone resection and internal bone transport using Ilizarov external fixator. The authors report case with literature review.
Bone Marrow ; External Fixators ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Nails ; Necrosis ; Osteomyelitis ; Tibia

The Canal of Nuck is the portion of the processus vaginalis within the inguinal canal in women. A hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck is equivalent to an encysted hydrocele of the spermatic cord in men. Little about this rare condition in the adult female patient has been reported in the literature. In this paper, we report on a case of hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck in a 30-year-old female. The diagnosis was made based on sonography and CT, and then confirmed during surgery. Although rare, a hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck must be included in the differential diagnosis of a groin lump in female patients.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Groin ; Humans ; Inguinal Canal ; Male ; Spermatic Cord ; Ultrasonography*

The transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome is caused by intravascular absorption of an electrolyte-free irrigating fluid during TURP for benign prostatic hypertrophy or prostatic carcinoma. The clinical symptoms and signs include hypertension, bradycardia, respiratory distress, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, confusion, blindness, seizure, coma, hyponatremina, and hypoosmolality. In this case, we incidentally detected very severe dilutional hyponatremia (99 mmol/L) without any symptoms during TURP and immediately took measures to treat TURP syndrome. On the third postoperative day, the hyponatremia had resolved within the normal range.
Absorption ; Blindness ; Bradycardia ; Coma ; Hypertension ; Hyponatremia* ; Hypotension ; Nausea ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Reference Values ; Seizures ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Vomiting

Prune-belly syndrome is characterized by absent abdominal wall musculature with wrinkled overlying skin, urinary tract dilatation and cryptorchidism. Prune-belly syndrome is also associated with diseases of the respiratory, cardiovascular, skeletal, gastrointestinal and central nervous system. Because the congenital disease is uncommon, it is difficult to collect the information of anesthetic management of prune-belly syndrome. We report a case of 4 year-old-boy with prune-belly syndrome who underwent abdominoplasty and Mitrofanoff operation under general anesthesia.
Abdominal Wall ; Abdominoplasty ; Anesthesia, General ; Central Nervous System ; Cryptorchidism ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Male ; Prune Belly Syndrome ; Skin ; Urinary Tract

Left-sided gallbladder (LSGB) is a rare anomaly, but it is often associated with multiple combined variations of the liver anatomy. We present the case of a patient with LSGB who underwent successful resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. The patient was a 67-year-old male who presented with upper abdominal pain and obstructive jaundice. Initial imaging studies led to the diagnosis of Bismuth-Corlette type IIIB perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Due to the unique location of the gallbladder and combined multiple hepatic anomalies, LSGB was highly suspected. During surgery after hilar dissection, we recognized that the tumor was located at the imaginary hilar bile duct bifurcation, but its actual location was corresponding to the biliary confluence of the left median and lateral sections. The extent of resection included extended left lateral sectionectomy, caudate lobe resection, and bile duct resection. Since some of the umbilical portion of the portal vein was invaded, it was resected and repaired with a portal vein branch patch. Due to anatomical variation of the biliary system, only one right-sided duct was reconstructed. The patient recovered uneventfully without any complication. LSGB should be recognized as a constellation of multiple hepatic anomalies, and therefore, thorough investigations are necessary to enable the performance of safe hepatic and biliary resections.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Bile Ducts* ; Biliary Tract ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Diagnosis ; Gallbladder* ; Hepatectomy* ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Liver ; Male ; Portal Vein