Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and associated psychosocial factors of behavioral addictions among school adolescents living in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions in Korea. Methods: A self-reported survey was conducted from December 4, 2023, to January 31, 2024, including 855 middle and high school students residing in the Gwangju-Jeonnam regions. Aside from the information on demographic characteristics, data on depression, anxiety, Internet gaming addiction, gambling problems, and resilience was obtained. Results: The prevalence of Internet gaming addiction among adolescents was 5.4%, while the prevalence of gambling problems was 3.3%. The male adolescents had a significantly higher risk of behavioral addiction compared with the female adolescents. The logistic regression analysis revealed that male and depression were significant risk factors for Internet gaming addiction. For gambling problems, male was identified as a significant risk factor. Conclusion The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of behavioral addiction among school adolescents has been relatively higher than that of previous studies, emphasizing the need for community-based prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the sex difference and psychological factors associated with adolescent behavioral addictions.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and associated psychosocial factors of behavioral addictions among school adolescents living in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions in Korea. Methods: A self-reported survey was conducted from December 4, 2023, to January 31, 2024, including 855 middle and high school students residing in the Gwangju-Jeonnam regions. Aside from the information on demographic characteristics, data on depression, anxiety, Internet gaming addiction, gambling problems, and resilience was obtained. Results: The prevalence of Internet gaming addiction among adolescents was 5.4%, while the prevalence of gambling problems was 3.3%. The male adolescents had a significantly higher risk of behavioral addiction compared with the female adolescents. The logistic regression analysis revealed that male and depression were significant risk factors for Internet gaming addiction. For gambling problems, male was identified as a significant risk factor. Conclusion The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of behavioral addiction among school adolescents has been relatively higher than that of previous studies, emphasizing the need for community-based prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the sex difference and psychological factors associated with adolescent behavioral addictions.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and associated psychosocial factors of behavioral addictions among school adolescents living in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions in Korea. Methods: A self-reported survey was conducted from December 4, 2023, to January 31, 2024, including 855 middle and high school students residing in the Gwangju-Jeonnam regions. Aside from the information on demographic characteristics, data on depression, anxiety, Internet gaming addiction, gambling problems, and resilience was obtained. Results: The prevalence of Internet gaming addiction among adolescents was 5.4%, while the prevalence of gambling problems was 3.3%. The male adolescents had a significantly higher risk of behavioral addiction compared with the female adolescents. The logistic regression analysis revealed that male and depression were significant risk factors for Internet gaming addiction. For gambling problems, male was identified as a significant risk factor. Conclusion The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of behavioral addiction among school adolescents has been relatively higher than that of previous studies, emphasizing the need for community-based prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the sex difference and psychological factors associated with adolescent behavioral addictions.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and associated psychosocial factors of behavioral addictions among school adolescents living in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions in Korea. Methods: A self-reported survey was conducted from December 4, 2023, to January 31, 2024, including 855 middle and high school students residing in the Gwangju-Jeonnam regions. Aside from the information on demographic characteristics, data on depression, anxiety, Internet gaming addiction, gambling problems, and resilience was obtained. Results: The prevalence of Internet gaming addiction among adolescents was 5.4%, while the prevalence of gambling problems was 3.3%. The male adolescents had a significantly higher risk of behavioral addiction compared with the female adolescents. The logistic regression analysis revealed that male and depression were significant risk factors for Internet gaming addiction. For gambling problems, male was identified as a significant risk factor. Conclusion The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of behavioral addiction among school adolescents has been relatively higher than that of previous studies, emphasizing the need for community-based prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the sex difference and psychological factors associated with adolescent behavioral addictions.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and associated psychosocial factors of behavioral addictions among school adolescents living in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions in Korea. Methods: A self-reported survey was conducted from December 4, 2023, to January 31, 2024, including 855 middle and high school students residing in the Gwangju-Jeonnam regions. Aside from the information on demographic characteristics, data on depression, anxiety, Internet gaming addiction, gambling problems, and resilience was obtained. Results: The prevalence of Internet gaming addiction among adolescents was 5.4%, while the prevalence of gambling problems was 3.3%. The male adolescents had a significantly higher risk of behavioral addiction compared with the female adolescents. The logistic regression analysis revealed that male and depression were significant risk factors for Internet gaming addiction. For gambling problems, male was identified as a significant risk factor. Conclusion The findings of this study suggested that the prevalence of behavioral addiction among school adolescents has been relatively higher than that of previous studies, emphasizing the need for community-based prevention and intervention strategies tailored to the sex difference and psychological factors associated with adolescent behavioral addictions.

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a higher mortality rate compared to the general population. However, no study has investigated life expectancy in Korean HD patients so far. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the remaining life expectancy among Korean maintenance HD patients and compare it to those of the general population as well as HD patients from other countries. Methods: Baseline data were retrieved from HD quality assessment data from 2015. Among the patients over 30 years old who were alive at the beginning of 2016 (20,304 males and 14,264 females), a total of 22,078 (12,621 males and 9,457 females) were still alive at the end of 2021 while 12,490 (7,683 males and 4,807 females) were deceased during 6 years of follow-up. We used the life table method to calculate the expected remaining years of life in 2-year increments. Results: The remaining life expectancies for 60-year-old patients were 11.64 years for males and 14.64 years for females. The average remaining life expectancies of the HD population were only about half of the general population. Diabetic patients demonstrated shorter life expectancy compared to patients with hypertension or glomerulonephritis. The remaining life expectancy of Korean HD patients was similar to that of Japanese and was almost double that of HD patients in Western countries such as Europe and the United States. Conclusion: The HD population shows a shorter life expectancy compared to the general population. Longitudinal analysis should be warranted to analyze the effect of advanced dialysis technology on improved survival rates among the HD population.

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a higher mortality rate compared to the general population. However, no study has investigated life expectancy in Korean HD patients so far. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the remaining life expectancy among Korean maintenance HD patients and compare it to those of the general population as well as HD patients from other countries. Methods: Baseline data were retrieved from HD quality assessment data from 2015. Among the patients over 30 years old who were alive at the beginning of 2016 (20,304 males and 14,264 females), a total of 22,078 (12,621 males and 9,457 females) were still alive at the end of 2021 while 12,490 (7,683 males and 4,807 females) were deceased during 6 years of follow-up. We used the life table method to calculate the expected remaining years of life in 2-year increments. Results: The remaining life expectancies for 60-year-old patients were 11.64 years for males and 14.64 years for females. The average remaining life expectancies of the HD population were only about half of the general population. Diabetic patients demonstrated shorter life expectancy compared to patients with hypertension or glomerulonephritis. The remaining life expectancy of Korean HD patients was similar to that of Japanese and was almost double that of HD patients in Western countries such as Europe and the United States. Conclusion: The HD population shows a shorter life expectancy compared to the general population. Longitudinal analysis should be warranted to analyze the effect of advanced dialysis technology on improved survival rates among the HD population.

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a higher mortality rate compared to the general population. However, no study has investigated life expectancy in Korean HD patients so far. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the remaining life expectancy among Korean maintenance HD patients and compare it to those of the general population as well as HD patients from other countries. Methods: Baseline data were retrieved from HD quality assessment data from 2015. Among the patients over 30 years old who were alive at the beginning of 2016 (20,304 males and 14,264 females), a total of 22,078 (12,621 males and 9,457 females) were still alive at the end of 2021 while 12,490 (7,683 males and 4,807 females) were deceased during 6 years of follow-up. We used the life table method to calculate the expected remaining years of life in 2-year increments. Results: The remaining life expectancies for 60-year-old patients were 11.64 years for males and 14.64 years for females. The average remaining life expectancies of the HD population were only about half of the general population. Diabetic patients demonstrated shorter life expectancy compared to patients with hypertension or glomerulonephritis. The remaining life expectancy of Korean HD patients was similar to that of Japanese and was almost double that of HD patients in Western countries such as Europe and the United States. Conclusion: The HD population shows a shorter life expectancy compared to the general population. Longitudinal analysis should be warranted to analyze the effect of advanced dialysis technology on improved survival rates among the HD population.

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have a higher mortality rate compared to the general population. However, no study has investigated life expectancy in Korean HD patients so far. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the remaining life expectancy among Korean maintenance HD patients and compare it to those of the general population as well as HD patients from other countries. Methods: Baseline data were retrieved from HD quality assessment data from 2015. Among the patients over 30 years old who were alive at the beginning of 2016 (20,304 males and 14,264 females), a total of 22,078 (12,621 males and 9,457 females) were still alive at the end of 2021 while 12,490 (7,683 males and 4,807 females) were deceased during 6 years of follow-up. We used the life table method to calculate the expected remaining years of life in 2-year increments. Results: The remaining life expectancies for 60-year-old patients were 11.64 years for males and 14.64 years for females. The average remaining life expectancies of the HD population were only about half of the general population. Diabetic patients demonstrated shorter life expectancy compared to patients with hypertension or glomerulonephritis. The remaining life expectancy of Korean HD patients was similar to that of Japanese and was almost double that of HD patients in Western countries such as Europe and the United States. Conclusion: The HD population shows a shorter life expectancy compared to the general population. Longitudinal analysis should be warranted to analyze the effect of advanced dialysis technology on improved survival rates among the HD population.

The aim of this study was to develop evidence-based recommendations for determining the surgical extent in patients with locally invasive differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Locally invasive DTC with gross extrathyroidal extension invading surrounding anatomical structures may lead to several functional deficits and poor oncological outcomes. At present, the optimal extent of surgery in locally invasive DTC remains a matter of debate, and there are no adequate guidelines. On October 8, 2021, four experts searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases; the identified papers were reviewed by 39 experts in thyroid and head and neck surgery. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence, and to develop and report recommendations. The strength of a recommendation reflects the confidence of a guideline panel that the desirable effects of an intervention outweigh any undesirable effects, across all patients for whom the recommendation is applicable. After completing the draft guidelines, Delphi questionnaires were completed by members of the Korean Society of Head and Neck Surgery. Twenty-seven evidence-based recommendations were made for several factors, including the preoperative workup; surgical extent of thyroidectomy; surgery for cancer invading the strap muscles, recurrent laryngeal nerve, laryngeal framework, trachea, or esophagus; and surgery for patients with central and lateral cervical lymph node involvement. Evidence-based guidelines were devised to help clinicians make safer and more efficient clinical decisions for the optimal surgical treatment of patients with locally invasive DTC.