Appendectomy ; adverse effects ; Appendicitis ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hernia, Abdominal ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Herniorrhaphy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography, Abdominal ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Objective To establish an automatic synthesis method for 11C-carfentanil (CFN) as an novel opiate receptor radioligand and study its biodistribution in rats. Methods 11C-Triflate-CH3 was bubbled into 0.5 mg precursor desmethyl-CFN (which was dissolved in 0.15 ml DMSO) to generate 11C-CFN in a V-tube at room temperature. Sep-Pak C2 column was used for purification of 11C-CFN, which was eluted by 3ml binary system aqueous solution, 10 ml water thrice, and then I ml ethanol. The biodistribution (% ID/g) of 11C-CFN in SD rats was studied. SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis. Non-normal distribution data were analyzed using nonparametric test. Results The synthesis time for 11C-CFN was 20 min (end of bombardment, EOB). The synthesis yield was (35.5 ± 2.2) % on average (n = 12, uncorrected)with the radiochemical purity over 98%. Biodistribution study in rats showed that the tracer had a high brain uptake, rapid blood clearance, and a metabolic pathway via liver and kidney. The highest tracer uptake was in thalamus (4.26 ± 0.89) % ID/g and striatum (4.05 ± 1.08) % ID/g at 5 min after injection, followed by cerebral cortex (2.63±0.89) %ID/g, pons (2.26 ±0.57) % ID/g, hippocampus (2. 17 ±0.55) %ID/g and cerebellum (2. 15 ±0.39) %ID/g. Conclusions The automatic synthesis of 11C-CFN is fast and reliable, and this radioligand can be used for opiate receptor imaging.

·AIM:To study the effects of phacoemulsification on ocular surface and corneal endothelial cells in cataract patients with diabetes mellitus.·METHODS:This study used a retrospective analysis of the clinical data to compare curative effect, the research object was 98 cases ( 98 eyes ) of cataract patients with phacoemulsification from January 2016 to December 2016 in our hospital. Patients were divided into the observation group and the control group according to whether diabetes merged. The observation group had 50 cases of cataract patients with diabetes, the control group had 48 cases of pure cataract patients. Two groups of patients underwent phacoemulsification surgery and transparent corneal incision, surgeries were completed by the same doctor, no xeroma before surgery. Preoperative glycemic control was normal for diabetic patients, no changes in eye fundus. Observation of ocular surface at postoperative 1, 3, 7d and 1mo was taken. Dry eye symptoms, lacrimal film breakup time ( BUT ) , corneal fluorescein staining ( FL ) score, SchirmerⅠtest ( SⅠt ) and corneal endothelial cell density were compared.·RESULTS: Dry eye symptom score of the two groups before and after operation had significant difference;data of the observation group at postoperative 7d and 1mo was significantly higher than that of the control group, there was statistical significance (P<0. 05), there was no significant difference at 1 and 3d after operation (P>0. 05 ). BUT of the two groups before and after surgery showed significant difference; data of the observation group at 7d and 1mo after operation was significantly lower than that of the control group, there was statistical significance ( P<0. 05 ); at 1 and 3d after operation there was no significant difference (P>0. 05). The FL score of the two groups before and after surgery had significant difference, and at 3, 7d and 1mo after operation, data of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, there was statistical significance ( P< 0. 05 ); there was no significant difference at postoperative 1d (P>0. 05). The two groups' before and after surgery SⅠt had significant difference, at 1, 3, 7d and 1mo after operation, data of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, there was statistical significance (P< 0. 05 ). Corneal endothelial cell density showed apparent difference of the two groups before and after surgery;at 1, 3, 7d and 1mo after operation, data of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, there was statistical significance ( P<0. 05).· CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification has significant effects on tear film break-up time, SⅠt and dry eye symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus, which may be related to the impaired repair ability of diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of surgical treatment for cancer of the pancreatic head.

METHODSThe clinical data of 96 patients with cancer of the pancreatic head admitted in our hospital from January 2002 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 48 cases, extended pancreatoduodenectomy in 30 cases, and Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy in 18 cases.

RESULTSThe 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were 59.2%, 41.8% and 13.2%, respectively, in the patients treated with pancreatoduodenectomy, and 73.2%, 58.2% and 24.1%, respectively, in the patients treated with extended pancreatoduodenectomy. The 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were 36.8%, 15.8% and 5.3%, respectively, in the patients with unresectable tumor who received radiotherapy and (or) chemotherapy in Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy. The postoperative morbidity was 29.2%, 30.0% and 27.8% in the patients treated with pancreatoduodenectomy, extended pancreatoduodenectomy and Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPancreatoduodenectomy is the most effective treatment. Extended pancreatoduodenectomy can improve the surgical resection rate, reduce the recurrence rate and improve the survival rate. Internal drainage is an important palliative measure.

Adult ; Aged ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jejunostomy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo get the cDNA clones which cover the whole genome of SARS-CoV PUMC2 strain.

METHODSUsing the SARS-CoV PUMC2 strain genomic RNA as the template, the cDNA fragments were amplified by RT-PCR, the PCR products were further purified and ligated into the pGEM-T vector, and all the clones obtained were sequenced.

RESULTSThe cDNA clones which cover the whole genome of SARS-CoV PUMC2 strain were obtained.

CONCLUSIONSThese cDNAs can be provided for the function study of SARS-CoV proteins and the construction of full-length infectious cDNA clone of SARS-CoV.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Genome, Viral ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

This study was aimed to establish ELISA for recombinant bovine IFN-gamma (BovIFN-gamma) detection and provide a new method for diagnosis of pathogenic infection. The total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood leucocytes cultured with PHA mitogen stimulation. Then bovine IFN-gamma (BovIFN-gamma) gene cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pET28a to obtain the expression plasmid designated as pETBovIFN-gamma. The pETBovlFN-gamma was further transformed into competent E. coli BL21 cells and a 18kD His-tagged protein as expected was expressed after IPTG induction. By using purified recombinant BovIFN-gamma as antigen and lymphocyte-hybridoma technique, four hybridoma cell lines which stably secreted monoclonal antibodies against rBovIFN-gamma were generated, designated as A7, A10, G6, and G10. The immunoglobin subset was identified as IgG1 . Western-blotting analysis and ELISA demonstrated that the monoclonal antibodies secreted by all the four hybridoma cell lines could react specifically to the recombinant BovIFN-gamma, but not irrelative proteins such as Ag85B, ESAT-6-CFP-10 and GM-CSF, suggesting that the four hybridoma cell lines were rBovIFN-gamma specific monoclonal antibodies. A sandwich ELISA was established by using A10 secreted monoclonal antibody and rabbit polyclonal antibodies against BovIFN-gamma, HRP labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG. The results indicated that the sensitivity was 2ng/mL. This sandwich ELISA to detect BovIFN-gamma paved the way to develop a sensitive method for specific infection detection such as bovine tuberculosis diagnosis.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; immunology ; Blotting, Western ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Female ; Hybridomas ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differentiation-related proteins in human gastric carcinoma cell lines by comparative proteomics.

METHODSThe holoproteins of human gastric carcinoma cell lines MKN28, SGC7901 and BGC823 were measured by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Some proteins identified by proteomics were tested by Western blot in the cell strains and tissues of gastric carcinoma.

RESULTS14 differential protein spots were found in the 3 gastric carcinoma cell lines, among them 8 spots were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. These proteins were probably thioredoxin peroxidase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD), beta-tubulin polypeptide, hypothetical protein, zinc finger protein (ZNF) 139, protein-tyrosine kinase, calreticulin precursor, and tropomyosin, proteins related with biological behavior of gastric carcinoma cells such as signal transduction, cellular homeostasis, glycolysis, antioxidation action, multidrug resistance(MDR), etc. The expressions of those proteins in gastric cancer cells and tissues identified by Western blot were consistent with the results obtained by proteomics.

CONCLUSIONDifferential proteins are found in 3 human gastric carcinoma cell lines, mainly, proteins related with cell signaling, maintenance of homeostasis, glycolysis, metabolism of anti-cancer drug and anti-oxidative injury, etc.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Proteome ; analysis ; Proteomics ; methods ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVESpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common and fatal autosomal recessive disorder. Approximately 94% of SMA patients are caused by homozygous deletion of SMN1 gene. SMA carrier screening is recommended considering the high carrier frequency (1 in 35-50) as well as severity of the disease.

METHODSA prospective population-based cohort study was carried out on 4719 pregnant women from Shanghai region. Copy numbers of SMN1 and SMN2 genes were effectively determined with denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) technique. The method has detected 94% of SMA cases with deletion or conversion of the SMN1 genes.

RESULTSNinety SMA carriers with only one copy of the SMN1 gene were identified among the 4719 pregnant woman. The carrier rate was 1.9%. Respectively, 1.2% and 0.6% of the carriers were caused by SMN1 gene deletion and SMN1 gene conversion.

CONCLUSIONThrough this study, we have determined the frequency of SMA mutation carriers in a population of pregnant women. The result may provide a basis for genetic counseling in order to reduce the rate of SMA affected births.

Adult ; China ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Testing ; methods ; Humans ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; Prospective Studies ; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein ; genetics ; Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective To understand non-typhoid Salmonella in diarrhea patients from Guangdong province in order to timely discover the outbreaks caused by them as well as to grasp the serotypes, antibiotic resistance and pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types of those strains isolated from this surveillance program. Methods Salmonella strains from diarrhea patients were detected and all the positive strains were tested by serum agglutination, antibiotic susceptibility and PFGE. Results 71 nontyphoid Salmonella strains were isolated from 1128 stoop samples, with a positive rate of 6.29 %. All the strains were divided into 29 serotypes, with Salmonella serotype enteritidis and typhimurium showing the most common serotypes. Most of the strains were sensitive to cephalosporins and quinolones. The antibiotic resistance rates of S. typhimurium were higher than S. enteritidis and S. stanley. Other than S. enteritidis, all the serotype strains did not have the same type of PFGE. 17 S. enteritidis strains digested by Xba Ⅰ were divided to 8 PFGE types while the PFGE 4 type appeared the most common one. 12 S. enteritidis strains were typed again by Sfi Ⅰ and Not Ⅰ , and there were still 3 groups of strains showing the same PFGE pattern. Conclusion Most of the infection caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella was sporadic in Guangdong province in 2007. Cephalosporins and quinolones seemed the best in curing the infection of non-typhoidal Salmonella at the clinics.

Intersphincteric resection (ISR) is a limited sphincter preserving surgery for low rectal cancer. The 4K laparoscopic system has the advantage of enhancing the accurate recognition of anatomical structures for operators. The authors investigate the imaging evaluation and technical standard of 4K laparoscopic ISR of low rectal cancer through surgical examples.