The adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily member 4 (ABCB4) gene encodes multidrug resistance rotein 3 (MDR3),which is expressed on the cannalicular membranes of hepatocytes and translocates major phospholipids from the inner to the outer leaflet.Phospholipids are the major carrier and solvent of cholesterol,and in combination with bile salts form mixed micelles.Defects in ABCB4 function cause a low phospholipid content in bile,resulting in cholesterol supersaturation and crystal formation.Low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis (LPAC) is characterized by the association of ABCB4 mutations and a low biliary phospholipid concentration,resulting in symptomatic gallstones starting before age 40 years,a high serum gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) activity,intrahepatic microlithiasis,and recurrent biliary symptoms despite cholecystectomy.LPAC is an autosomal recessive condition caused by a rare single-gene mutation,commonly occurring in ABCB4,and can include homozygous and heterozygous point mutations in introns,coding exons,and 5 UTR regions.

BACKGROUND:There are many internal fixation methods for tibial plateau fractures with their own merit and demerit. Knee joint internal fixation for Schatzker type V and VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures has better outcomes, but it is unclear about the specific difference in the repair of these two kinds of fractures.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the repair effects of metal implants insertedviaanterolateral and posteromedial knee joint approach on Schatzker type V and VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.
METHODS: From January 2009 to December 2012, 67 patients with Schatzker type V and VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures were admitted at the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Changping Hospital, China, including 38 cases of Schatzker type V and 29 cases of Schatzker type VI. Al these patients underwent internal fixation with metal implantsvia the anterolateral and posteromedial knee joint approaches. During the folow-up, differences in fracture healing and functional recovery between the two groups were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The wounds of al patients after active treatment were healed. By the last folow-up, Schatzker VI patients had better outcomes than Schatzker V patients in the aspects of varus-valgus scores, Rasmussen radiology scores, flexion and extension scores, joint range of motion, joint stability scores and good rate of knee joint function (P < 0.05). In addition, there were insignificant differences in colapse, condyle widening scores, ability to walk, knee pain scores, fracture healing time, and incidence of complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Schatzker V patients showed better recovery of the articular surface and reliable internal fixation. These findings indicate that the internal fixation viathe anterolateral and posteromedial knee joint approaches has better clinical efficacy in the treatment of Schatzker type V bicondylar tibial plateau fractures than Schatzker type VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.

Objective:To improve the hospital degree of attention to SPECT quality control. Methods: To introduction the basic principle and test methods of the Brightview produced by Philips company, and to analyze some common troubles.Results: According to understanding the working principle, parameter testing, maintenance and troubleshooting, to master quality control method.Conclusion: The quality control of the SPECT is the demand of UM workers. To master the test methods, improve the quality of medical imaging, minimize unnecessary exposure and serve the patients better.

BACKGROUND:High expression of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cels is proved to exist in many patients with malignant tumors in vivo. Recent studies have found that CD4+CD25+OBJECTIVE:To analyze the characteristics of expression of CD4 regulatory T cels also show a high percentage of expression in the peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.+CD25+METHODS:Ninety-two patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia were enroled and divided into middle-young age group (< 60 years old,n=22) and aged observation group (> 60 years old,n=70). Thirty-two patients in the aged observation group underwent standardized chemotherapy and showed complete remission, who acted as complete remission group; and the remaining 38 patients acted as aged group, including 6 cases of M2, 19 cases of M3, 7 cases of M4, and 6 cases of M5 according to FAB classification. At the same period, another 42 healthy persons for hospital examination were selected as control group. Peripheral blood samples were extracted to detect the expression of CD4 regulatory T cels in aged patients with acute myeloid leukemia.+CD25+RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proportions of CD4 regulatory T cels.+CD25high FOXP3+ Treg cels and CD4+FOXP3+ T cels in the aged and complete remission groups were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01), and moreover, these two proportions were higher in the aged group than the complete remission group (P < 0.01). The proportions of CD4+CD25high FOXP3+ Treg cels and CD4+FOXP3+ T cels in the aged group were higher than those in the middle-young age group (P < 0.01). There were no difference in the proportions of CD4+CD25high FOXP3+ Treg cels and CD4+ FOXP3+T cels among different subgroups of the aged group (P > 0.05). The proportion of CD4+CD25high FOXP3+Treg cels in the peripheral blood was positively related to the proportion of CD4+FOXP3+ T cels in aged patients with acute myeloid leukemia (r=0.87,P=0.019). The proportion of CD4+CD25+ Treg cels in the aged patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia is higher than that in healthy individuals and young patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Medical oxygen generator has been popularized in hospitals for its easy-and automatic operation and constant oxygen concentration output. This paper introduces the principle and usual faults of PTSI medical oxygen generator with the block diagram.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a new process in which ammonium is oxidized with nitrite as the electron acceptor under anoxic conditions,producing dinitrogen gas.Three anammox bacteria(Brocadia anammoxidans,Kuenenia stuttgartiensis,Scalindua sorokinii) have been found recently.The investigation on cytochrome spectra,nutrition,inhibitors,cell structures and biochemistry reaction mechanisms in anammox bacteria indicated that anammox bacteria had the potential of diverse metabolic types.Several novel microbial nitrogen removal processes have been developed(ANAMMOX process、SHARON-ANAMMOX process、CANON process and integration of methanogenesis with anaerobic ammonium oxidation).

[Objective]To explore the efficacy of combination of TCM and WM on venous ulcer. [Method] Administer oral taking and external application of Chinese medicine decoction on the base of operation to 73 cases. [Result] All cases had effect, 72 limbs were cured, 5 recurred. [Conclusion] Combination of TCM and WM can improve cure effect, reduce recurrence rate, much better than pure operation or TCM therapy.

It is very difficult to distinguish infectious lung diseases from no-infectious ones,and a correct practice guideline is of great significance.There are several important principals for physicians in dealing with the situation:collection of a detailed patients' history and physical examination information,objective evaluation of laboratory findings,an ability of imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis,prompt invasive procedure with caution,and skillful empiric treatment.Different pathogens should be tested for infectious lung diseases.The non-infectious lung diseases should be handled with strong sense of caution,so as to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Objective:To observe the curative effect of the Biqi Capsule on vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis. Methods:86 Patients of vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis were treated with Biqi Capsule,10d for a course of treatment,the treatment lasted for 2-4 courses.The curative effect was observed. Results:After 2 courses,61 patients (70%) had complete remission of symptoms;20 patients (23%) had improved symptoms;5 patients (6%) was ineffective.The total effective rate was 94%.Conclusion:The Biqi Capsule had obvious effect on vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of pituitrin and phentolamine in the treatment of senile bronchiectasis with massive hemoptysis,thus to provide guidance for the clinical.Methods 80 elderly patients were selected as the subjects of this experiment,and the patients were randomly divided into two groups using the envelope random grouping method.40 patients in the control group used phentolamine.40 cases in the observation group were treated with pituitrin and phentolamine.The clinical curative effect,bleeding time,bleeding volume and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.50％,which was significantly higher than 70.00％ of the control group (x2 =6.646,P ＜ 0.05).The bleeding time,total amount of bleeding of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group (tbleeding time =5.069,tbleeding volurne =5.447,all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reaction in the observation group was 7.50％,which was significantly lower than 27.50％ of the control group (x2 =5.541,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Phentolamine combined with pituitrin in the treatment of senile bronchiectasis with massive hemoptysis can significantly relieve symptoms,shorten the bleeding time,reduce the total amount of bleeding,reduce the probability of adverse reactions in patients.