Internship is an important stage in which medical students utilize and develop their aca-demic theory to inform clinical practice. In this stage, practical teaching combining the theoretical study with clinical practice to refine interns' clinical skills is the only way to train qualified clinicians. The teach-ing during orthopaedic internship is facing the following problems, such as complex anatomy and difficult learning curve associated with orthopaedic clinical practice. In addition, interns face the employment pres-sure, and the clinical practice time may be occupied by job hunting or preparation for postgraduate entrance examination. For teachers, since clinical doctors are tired of clinical work and scientific research, they can-not devote more time and energy to teaching. In this study, the author summarizes the problems of orthopedic practice teaching in recent years and presents a series of solutions, such as standardizing clinical thinking, improving the students' clinical participation, standardizing teaching assessment and so on, which have improved the teaching quality of orthopedic clinical practice.

BACKGROUND:There are many internal fixation methods for tibial plateau fractures with their own merit and demerit. Knee joint internal fixation for Schatzker type V and VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures has better outcomes, but it is unclear about the specific difference in the repair of these two kinds of fractures.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the repair effects of metal implants insertedviaanterolateral and posteromedial knee joint approach on Schatzker type V and VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.
METHODS: From January 2009 to December 2012, 67 patients with Schatzker type V and VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures were admitted at the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Changping Hospital, China, including 38 cases of Schatzker type V and 29 cases of Schatzker type VI. Al these patients underwent internal fixation with metal implantsvia the anterolateral and posteromedial knee joint approaches. During the folow-up, differences in fracture healing and functional recovery between the two groups were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The wounds of al patients after active treatment were healed. By the last folow-up, Schatzker VI patients had better outcomes than Schatzker V patients in the aspects of varus-valgus scores, Rasmussen radiology scores, flexion and extension scores, joint range of motion, joint stability scores and good rate of knee joint function (P < 0.05). In addition, there were insignificant differences in colapse, condyle widening scores, ability to walk, knee pain scores, fracture healing time, and incidence of complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Schatzker V patients showed better recovery of the articular surface and reliable internal fixation. These findings indicate that the internal fixation viathe anterolateral and posteromedial knee joint approaches has better clinical efficacy in the treatment of Schatzker type V bicondylar tibial plateau fractures than Schatzker type VI bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.

Objective:Study on establishing HA animal model,which isoperated simply and have short model building period and high successful rate,to provide favorable test materials for HA-related scientific research.Methods:10 SD rats were randomly selected to set up the model by using APH intraperitoneal injection,meanwhile rats intraperitoneally infused with saline served as controls group.After 8 days of experimental treatment,we evaluated the animal model by using blood analysis,reticular count,myelogram and other laboratory experimental results.Results:On eighth day after experimental treat,the results of RBC、HGB、PLT、Ret% in Rats'peripheral blood are respectively(2.98?0.623)?1012/L、(100?14.2)g/L、(320?358.8)?109/L、90.7%?4.23%,the concentration of indirect bilirubin and free-haemoglobin in plasma are respectively(10.3?3.30)?mol/L、(1 248?282.1)mg/L.Compared to the control group,the difference of the results all have the statistical significance;bone marrow exhibited that karyocytes proliferate obviously,mainly the erythroid system.Conclusion:APH intraperitoneal injection can set up HA animal model shortly and conveniently,and the animal model has the clinical features.So the method of APH intraperitoneal injection is an ideal way to establish HA animal model

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most important economic crops in the world. Its growth and productivity were affected by environment stresses such as drought, cold and high salinity. Thus, the enhanced stress tolerance in this plant is of great importance. As the dehydration responsive element (DRE) binding protein (DBP) plays an important role in the regulation of plant resistance to environmental stresses and is quite useful for generating transgenic plants tolerant to these stresses, isolation and functional analysis of DBPs in cotton are important to cotton production. In the previous work, a DBP gene from cotton, named as GhDBP1, was isolated and its expression patterns in cotton plants was demonstrated at the transcriptional level. Here, the expression,purification and DNA binding activity of GhDBP1 were reported. The entire coding region of the GhDBP1 gene was inserted into an expression vector, pET28a, and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The fusion protein was successfully expressed under IPTG induction and the purified recombinant protein was obtained by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Non-radioactive electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that the purified GhDBP1 protein was able to form a specific complex with the previously characterized DRE element. In addition, the computer modeling of the DNA-binding domain of GhDBP1 were performed using SWISS-MODEL software. The main-chain structures and the folding patterns of the DNA-binding domain of GhDBP1 were similar to the known structure of the DNA-binding domain of the Arabidopsis thaliana GCC box-binding protein AtERF1. These results indicate that GhDBP1 is a DRE-binding transcription factor and might use the structure similar to that of AtERF1 to interact with DRE sequence.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of segmental splenectomy for treatment of splenic benign tumor. Methods The clinical data of 6 patients with splenic benign tumor treated in our hospital with spleen-preserving surgery in the past 2 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results All the 6 patients successfully underwent surgery and recovered smoothly after operation. No acute severe infection occurred. Ultrasonography showed that the blood supply of residual spleen was of no problem. The components of peripheral blood had no significant changes after operation. Conclusion As long as we know the vascular anatomy of spleen well, segmental splenectomy is safe, reliable and feasible.

Objective: To develop an HPLC method for determination of Isocorydine in Jinshining Eye gelatin. Method: AgiLentTC-C18 chromatographi coLumn(4.6 min×150 mm,5 μm) was used,methanoL-0.2% phosphoric acid soLution (adjust the pH 7.0 take methyL aLcohoL)(54:46)as the mobiLe phase, the detection waveLength was 267 nm,flow rate at 1.0 mL· min-1. Result: The calibration curve of Isocorydine as linear between 0.123 0～1.107 0μg, The average reeovery and the relative standard deviation were 97.11% and 1.65%. Conclusions: The method is simple, accurate, repeatable. It can be used for quality control of JinshiLe Eye gelatin.

Objective To explore the value of detecting serum cytokeratin 19 fragmen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) in the diagnosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods 79 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma from October 2013 to October 2015 as case group and 145 patients with nasopharyngeal chronic inflammation as control group were collected.The CYFRA21-1 level was detected by the electrochemical luminescence immunoassay and the SCCAg level was detected by the enzymoimmunoassay.Comparisons of diagnostic value of CYFRA21-1 and SCCAg to nasopharyngeal carcinoma were conducted according to pathological diagnosis.Results The serum CYFRA21-1 and SCCAg levels in case group were (12.37±1.65) g/L and (1.65±0.37) ng/ml,and the control group were (4.26±1.99) g/L and (1.22±0.45) ng/ml,with statistically significant differences (t =8.093,P =0.002;t =4.287,P =0.043).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of CYFRA21-1 combined with SCCAg in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were higher than those of CYFRA21-1 and SCCAg respectively,and the difference all were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Detecting serum CYFRA21-1 combined with SCCAg in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has high sensitivity and good specificity,which can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy.

Objective: To study the MRI manifestations of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Methods: MRI features of 37 patients with pathologically proved primary central nervous system lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed in the location, size, signal, space-occupying effect and enhanced features. Results: On MRI, single lesions were found in 24 cases and multiple ones in 13 cases. Among the single lesion cases, 13 lesions were located in the cerebral hemispheres, 3 lesions in the cerebellum, 2 lesions in the thalamus and saddle area, respectively. There was 1 lesion in the corpus callosum, the third ventricle, the jugular foramen, and the tentorial notch region, respectively. 95.8% lesions showed hypointense or isointense signal on T1 WI. All lesions showed hyperintense signal on T2 WI. Marked enhancement was seen in 36 cases after Gd-DTPA administration except 1 patient. Half of them were homogenous. About 45.9% cases had space-occupying effect. Conclusion: Primay central nervous system lymphoma had various MRI features and more attention should be paid to the atypical MRI manifestations.

AIM: To study the effect of the four alkaloids of Sophora Alopecuroides On cycloxygenase(COX) activities in vitro. METHODS: The effect of matrine, oxymatrine sophocarpine and sophoridine on COX2 and COX1 activity were evaluated by the content of Prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) and 6-Keto-PGF_~1a , respectively. The PGE_2 came from exogenous AA in cultured mouse peritoneal macrophage supernatants induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) 1 ug?mL~-1 was measured with radioimmunoassay(RIA) method using ~ 3H-labelled PGE_2. The 6-Keto-PGF_~1a from exogenous AA in cultured mouse peritoneal macrophage supernatants induced by calcium ionophore A23187 1 ?mol?L~-1 was measured with RIA method using~125 I-labelled 6-Keto-PGF_~1a . RESULTS: The COX2 activities were markedly inhibited in a dose dependent manner by oxymatrine, sophocarpine and sophoridine, Respectively. Excluding the sophoridine, all the other three alkaloids of Sophora Alopecuroids obviously suppressed the activities of COX1, respectively. CONCLUSION: The in vitro results show that oxymatrine, sophocarpine and sophoridine may have the significant specific inhibitory action for COX2, in contrase, matrine may be COX1 selective inhibitor.

Objective To sum up the clinical experience of treating thoracolumbar fractures with Scofix system and transpedicular bone graft. Methods 62 consecutive patients with thoracolumbar fracture were treated operatively with reduction and stabilization by Scofix system combined with vertebral fusion via transpedicular bone grafting. Results 62 patients were followed up. Their postoperative radiographs and CT scans showed that more than 90%of the cases gained reduction, the effective diameters of vertebral canal became normal and the mean time of vertebral fusion was about 3 months. Conclusions Scofix system is effective in reduction and fixation for thoracolumbar fractures, and transpedicular bone graft is helpful in restoring the height of vertebral body and increasing vertebral fusion. The procedure also has advantages of preventing vertebral collapse, reducing nerve injury and facilitating functional recovery.