Background: Blood transfusion is the process of receiving blood products into one's circulation intravenously. Transfusions are used in a variety of medical conditions to replace lost components of the blood. Objectives: To study the situations of use of blood and blood products, the indications for transfusion and transfusion reactions in some clinical departments of Bach Mai Hospital. Subjects and method: Retrospective study from January 2005 to December 2005 and perspective study from January 2006 to June 2006 through blood records, patient chart and patients. Results & Conclusion: from January 2005 to June 2006, Bach mai Hospital used 45318 units of blood and products, most were erythrocyte concentration (57,9%), plasma (24,9%) and (12,3%). The most used blood group were group 0 (44,5%). Blood-erythrocyte concentration and platelet concentration were most used in Hematology and Transfusion Department, plasma were most used in ICU. 31,1 % and 27,8% of patients were laboratory evaluation before transfusion of erythrocyte concentration and platelet concentration, respectively. The rate of transfusion reactions were 1,04%, most were pruritus - 83,7%. Highest rate of transfusion reaction were belonged to blood (3,4%) and platelet concentration (3%). From January 2005 to June 2006, Bach Mai Hospital used 45318 units of blood and products, most were erythrocyte concentration, plasma, platelet concentration and blood 31,1 % and 27,8% of patients were laboratory evaluation before transfusion of erythrocyte concentration and platelet concentration, respectively.
Blood ; Blood Transfusion/ adverse effects

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and evaluate the efficacy of Rh phenotype matched blood transfusion. METHODS: The increasing of hemoglobin (Hb) and hemolysis tests in the patients treated by Rh matched red blood cells or not, as well as the first time unmatched transfusions and the unmatched transfusions happened again after a period (≥10 d) were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 674 times transfusions in 120 patients were evaluated. The increasing of Hb in each unit was higher in the patients treated by Rh matched blood transfusion (vs unmatched) [(33.397±1.475) g/U vs (29.951±1.304) g/U, P=0.033], while the increasing of Hb at first time unmatched transfusion and the second time unmatched transfusion was not statistically different[ (28.942±2.083) g/U vs (30.686±1.737) g/U, P=0.589]. The level of lactate dehydrogenase were related to erythrocyte washing, irradiation, period of validity and the second time unmatched transtusion (all P<0.05); the levels of total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil) between the first time unmatched transfusion and the second time unmatched transfusion were statistically different (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION For the patients need multiple blood transfusions, Rh phenotype matched blood transfusion can reduce the exposure to Rh allogenic antigens, improve the efficacy and ensure the safety of blood transfusion.
Bilirubin ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocyte Transfusion/adverse effects* ; Hemoglobins/analysis* ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Red-cell transfusion is critical for surgery during the peri-operative period; however, the transfusion threshold remains controversial mainly owing to the diversity among patients. The patient's medical status should be evaluated before making a transfusion decision. Herein, we developed an individualized transfusion strategy using the West-China-Liu's Score based on the physiology of oxygen delivery/consumption balance and designed an open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial to verify whether it reduced red cell requirement as compared with that associated with restrictive and liberal strategies safely and effectively, providing valid evidence for peri-operative transfusion. METHODS: Patients aged >14 years undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery with estimated blood loss > 1000 mL or 20% blood volume and hemoglobin concentration <10 g/dL were randomly assigned to an individualized strategy, a restrictive strategy following China's guideline or a liberal strategy with a transfusion threshold of hemoglobin concentration <9.5 g/dL. We evaluated two primary outcomes: the proportion of patients who received red blood cells (superiority test) and a composite of in-hospital complications and all-cause mortality by day 30 (non-inferiority test). RESULTS: We enrolled 1182 patients: 379, 419, and 384 received individualized, restrictive, and liberal strategies, respectively. Approximately 30.6% (116/379) of patients in the individualized strategy received a red-cell transfusion, less than 62.5% (262/419) in the restrictive strategy (absolute risk difference, 31.92%; 97.5% confidence interval [CI]: 24.42-39.42%; odds ratio, 3.78%; 97.5% CI: 2.70-5.30%; P <0.001), and 89.8% (345/384) in the liberal strategy (absolute risk difference, 59.24%; 97.5% CI: 52.91-65.57%; odds ratio, 20.06; 97.5% CI: 12.74-31.57; P <0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in the composite of in-hospital complications and mortality by day 30 among the three strategies. CONCLUSION: The individualized red-cell transfusion strategy using the West-China-Liu's Score reduced red-cell transfusion without increasing in-hospital complications and mortality by day 30 when compared with restrictive and liberal strategies in elective non-cardiac surgeries. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01597232.
Humans ; Adult ; Postoperative Complications ; Erythrocyte Transfusion/adverse effects* ; Blood Transfusion ; Hospitals ; Hemoglobins/analysis*

BACKGROUND: Although transfusion is a paramount life-saving therapy, there are multiple potential significant risks. Therefore, all adverse transfusion reaction (ATR) episodes require close monitoring. Using the computerized reporting system, we assessed the frequency and pattern of non-infectious ATRs. METHODS: We analyzed two-year transfusion data from electronic medical records retrospectively. From March 2013 to February 2015, 364,569 units of blood were transfused. Of them, 334,582 (91.8%) records were identified from electronic nursing records. For the confirmation of ATRs by blood bank physicians, patients' electronic medical records were further evaluated. RESULTS: According to the nursing records, the frequency of all possible transfusion-related events was 3.1%. After the blood bank physicians' review, the frequency was found to be 1.2%. The overall frequency of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) to red blood cells (RBCs), platelet (PLT) components, and fresh frozen plasmas (FFPs) were 0.9%, 0.3%, and 0.2%, respectively, and allergic reactions represented 0.3% (RBCs), 0.9% (PLTs), and 0.9% (FFPs), respectively. The pre-storage leukocyte reduction significantly decreased the frequency of FNHTRs during the transfusion of RBCs (P<0.01) or PLTs (Pfalling dots0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of FNHTRs, allergic reactions, and "no reactions" were 22.0%, 17.0%, and 60.7%, respectively. Leukocyte-reduction was associated with a lower rate of FNHTRs, but not with that of allergic reactions. The development of an effective electronic reporting system of ATRs is important in quantifying transfusion-related adverse events. This type of reporting system can also accurately identify the underlying problems and risk factors to further the quality of transfusion care for patients.
Blood Transfusion/*adverse effects/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Transfusion Reaction/*epidemiology/etiology

OBJECTIVEBlood transfusion saves lives but may also increase the risk of injury. The objective of this review was to evaluate the possible adverse effects related to transfusion of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates stored for prolonged periods.

DATA SOURCESThe data used in this review were mainly from PubMed articles published in English up to February 2015.

STUDY SELECTIONClinical and basic research articles were selected according to their relevance to this topic.

RESULTSThe ex vivo changes to RBC that occur during storage are collectively called storage lesion. It is still inconclusive if transfusion of RBC with storage lesion has clinical relevance. Multiple ongoing prospective randomized controlled trials are aimed to clarify this clinical issue. It was observed that the adverse events related to stored RBC transfusion were prominent in certain patient populations, including trauma, critical care, pediatric, and cardiac surgery patients, which leads to the investigation of underlying mechanisms. It is demonstrated that free hemoglobin toxicity, decreasing of nitric oxide bioavailability, and free iron-induced increasing of inflammation may play an important role in this process.

CONCLUSIONIt is still unclear whether transfusion of older RBC has adverse effects, and if so, which factors determine such clinical effects. However, considering the magnitude of transfusion and the widespread medical significance, potential preventive strategies should be considered, especially for the susceptible recipients.

Blood Preservation ; adverse effects ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; adverse effects ; Erythrocytes ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Time Factors

Blood Cell Count ; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal ; blood ; therapy ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Platelet additive solutions (PAS) can partly or fully substitute blood plasma during platelet storage in normal air temperature. There are some advantages such as avoiding transfusion of large volume of plasma with possible adverse reactions and circulatory overload, saving plasma for other purposes, improving storage conditions, maintaining the viability and haemostatic function of platelet at normal level, and making it easy to inactivate pathogens. There has been an increasing interest in the study of PAS in the past 20 years, the compositions of different PAS have been reported one after another, and the protective effects of PAS on platelets have become better and better. This article focuses on the advances of studies of the composition of PAS, the functions of the different compositions and platelet quality in vitro and in vivo after storage.
Acetates ; pharmacology ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; trends ; Citrates ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Platelet Transfusion ; adverse effects ; methods

BACKGROUND: Adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) are clinically relevant to patients with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to review the cases of ATR reported in the recipient-triggered trace back system for a recent nine-year period in Korea. METHODS: Nine-year data obtained from 2006 to 2014 by the trace back system at the Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance of the Korean Centers for Disease Control (KCDC) were reviewed. The suspected cases were assessed according to six categories: (i) related to, (ii) probably related to, (iii) probably not related to, (iv) not related to transfusion, (v) unable to investigate, and (vi) under investigation. RESULTS: Since 2006, 199 suspected serious ATRs were reported in hospitals and medical institutions in Korea, and these ATRs were reassessed by the division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance of the KCDC. Among the reported 193 cases as transfusion related infections, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (135, 67.8%) was reported most frequently, followed by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (27, 13.6%), HIV infection (13, 6.5%), syphilis (9, 4.5%), malarial infection (4, 2.0%), other bacterial infections (3, 1.5%), HTLV infection (1, 0.5%), and scrub typhus infection (1, 0.5%), respectively. Of the 199 cases, 13 (6.5%) cases were confirmed as transfusion-related (3 HCV infections, 3 malarial infections, 1 HBV infection, 2 Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, 3 transfusion-related acute lung injuries, and 1 hemolytic transfusion reaction). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first nationwide data regarding serious ATRs in Korea and could contribute to the implementation of an effective hemovigilance system.
Acute Lung Injury/epidemiology/etiology ; Blood Transfusion/*adverse effects ; HIV Infections/epidemiology/etiology ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology/etiology ; Humans ; Malaria/epidemiology/etiology ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Transfusion Reaction/*etiology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of perioperative blood transfusion in the treatment of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures with proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA). METHODS: The clinical data of 109 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures who received PFNA treatment from July 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Both pelvic hip X-rays and CT plain scans were performed before surgery. All patients were diagnosed by X-ray and CT plain scan of pelvis and hip before operation. Through the statistical analysis of the basic data of patients before and during operation, the risk factors of perioperative blood transfusion were explored. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that age ( CONCLUSION Age, fracture type, diabetes history, and preoperative hemoglobin are independent risk factors for perioperative blood transfusion in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures with PFNA. The older the patient, the history of diabetes, the more unstable the fracture, and the lower preoperative hemoglobin, the more likely it is to require a blood transfusion, which may provide a reference for clinical perioperative blood transfusion decisions.
Aged ; Blood Transfusion ; Bone Nails ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects* ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Extremely weak D variants called DEL are serologically detectable only by adsorption-elution techniques. A nucleotide change of exon 9 in RHD gene, RHD (K409K, 1227G>A) allelic variant is present in almost all the DEL individuals of East Asians. No DEL phenotype has yet been shown to induce a primary alloanti-D immunization in East Asia. A 68-yr-old D-negative Korean man was negative for anti-D at admission, and he developed alloanti-D after transfusion of red blood cells (RBC) from 4 apparently D-negative donors. Four donors who typed D-negative by routine serologic test were analyzed by real-time PCR for RHD gene and RHD (K409K). One donor was found to have RHD (K409K). This is the first case in which DEL RBCs with RHD (K409K) induced a primary alloanti-D immunization in Asian population. Because the DEL phenotype can induce an anti-D immunization in D-negative recipients, further discussion is needed whether RhD negative donors should be screened by molecular method and what an efficient genotyping method is for detecting the RHD gene carriers in Korea.
Aged ; Blood Donors ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Blood Transfusion/*adverse effects ; Exons ; Humans ; Isoantibodies/*metabolism ; Male ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/genetics/*immunology