1.Independent Component Analysis of Eyeball Movements.
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2000;18(1):121-123
Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a signal processing algorithm to separate independent sources from unknown mixed signals and can be applied to separate artifacts and independent neural sources from EEG recordings. This study was designed to extract individual components of eyeball movements from scalp EEG. Digital EEG signals were recorded using the international 10-20 system during eye closure, eye opening, and blinking. 18 EEG tracings using bipolar montage were analyzed by ICA algorithm into 18 independent components. Each of the components was reviewed, selected, and reconstructed into an original montage. Among 18 components, two components which were thought to represent eyeball movements were obtained. Each of the components was inversely projected into the original bipolar montage. This inverse projection showed separated vertical and horizontal eyeball movements components. These results suggest that the ICA analysis of EEG can separate vertical and horizontal eyeball movements and may be applied to separate other EEG artifacts and source signals from unknown mixed sources recordings of EEG.
Artifacts
;
Blinking
;
Electroencephalography
;
Scalp
2.Blink Reflex in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease: Reduction of Habituation in Paired Stimulation.
Il Soo CHOI ; Sang Ahm LEE ; Hyeo Il MA ; Joo Hyuk IM ; Myung Chong LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 1997;15(4):775-782
The habituation of early (R1) and late response (R2) of blink reflex was investigated in 44 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 19 control subjects. The latency, duration and area of R1 and R2 components of blink reflex in single stimulation, and the percentage recovery of R1 in paired stimulation were not different between patients and control subjects. However, in PD patients, the latency of R2 evoked by test stimuli was shorter than that of conditioning stimuli, and the percentage recovery of R2 habituation was increased as compared to that of control subjects. The degree of early recovery of R2 habituation was slightly more evident in advanced PD patients and nonmedicated patients than that of control subjects. In addition, the early recovery of R2 was present in the test of asymptomatic side of PD patients. Our results suggests that blink reflex may be used as a method of evaluating the clinical status of PD patients.
Blinking*
;
Humans
;
Parkinson Disease*
3.Trigeminal Neuralgia Associated with Tentorial Meningioma.
Yoon Sik JO ; Jin Yong CHOI ; Sang Jun NA
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2017;35(2):105-107
No abstract available.
Blinking
;
Meningioma*
;
Trigeminal Neuralgia*
4.Usefulness of the Blink Reflex Study as a Preoperative Evaluation in the Orbitozygomatic Complex Fracture.
Dae Il KANG ; Sang Woo PARK ; Jae Hoon CHOI
Journal of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons 2010;37(6):779-782
PURPOSE: As the evaluation of the preoperative sensibility in the orbitozygomatic complex fracture, used by most surgeons, depends on the patient's subjective judgements, it is difficult to make generalization and to use it as an objective evaluation method. We used the blink reflex study to objectively evaluate injury to the infraorbital nerve. METHODS: From December 2008 to November 2009, a total of 16 patients underwent the patient's subjective report on sensory symptoms and the blink reflex study preoperatively. Among patients having orbitozygomatic complex fracture of type III or more according to Henderson's classification and simultaneously suspected as being injured along the infraorbital nerve pathway, patients who had difficulty in checking preoperative sensibility and said 'normal sensibility' were selected as candidates. RESULTS: Fifteen patients showed abnormal R1 on the fracture side. These results suggested that most of patients had injury to the infraorbital nerve. CONCLUSION: Contrary to the existing tests, the blink reflex study is a useful diagnostic tool in reflecting injury to the infraorbital nerve objectively.
Blinking
;
Generalization (Psychology)
;
Humans
5.Blink Reflex and Facial Nerve Stimulation Tests for Pathogenetic Consideration in Hemifacial Spasm.
Kwang Woo LEE ; Joo Yong KIM ; Sang Bok LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 1993;11(1):78-84
No abstract available.
Blinking*
;
Facial Nerve*
;
Hemifacial Spasm*
6.Right Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Localized by Blink Reflex Abnormality.
Song Hwa CHAE ; Jin Hong SHIN ; Sun Ki SUNG ; Dae Seong KIM
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2016;34(1):86-87
No abstract available.
Blinking*
;
Cerebellopontine Angle*
;
Neuroma, Acoustic*
7.Right Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Localized by Blink Reflex Abnormality.
Song Hwa CHAE ; Jin Hong SHIN ; Sun Ki SUNG ; Dae Seong KIM
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2016;34(1):86-87
No abstract available.
Blinking*
;
Cerebellopontine Angle*
;
Neuroma, Acoustic*
8.Isolated Trigeminal Neuropathy Caused by Pontine Infarction.
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2009;27(2):187-189
No abstract available.
Blinking
;
Infarction
;
Trigeminal Nerve Diseases
9.Miller-Fisher Syndrome with Blink Reflex Abnormality.
Si Eun KIM ; Sung Eun KIM ; Kyong Jin SHIN ; Sam Yeol HA ; JinSe PARK ; Hyung Chan KIM ; Joon Won LEE ; Kang Min PARK
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2015;33(1):60-62
No abstract available.
Blinking*
;
Diplopia
;
Miller Fisher Syndrome*
10.The Effect of 3% Diquafosol Tetrasodium on Corneal Wetting Property and Mucin-5AC Concentration in Rabbits.
Dong Yun YEON ; Bo Ram KANG ; Young Sub EOM ; Hyo Myung KIM ; Jong Suk SONG
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2016;57(2):208-213
PURPOSE: To evaluate the immediate effects of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution on tear MUC5AC concentration and corneal wetting property in rabbit eyes. METHODS: Six New Zealand white rabbits were used in the present study. Fifteen minutes after instilling 50 microL of 3% diquafosol into the right eye of each rabbit and 50 microL of saline into the left eye, corneal wetting property, tear MUC5AC concentrations and the area of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained conjunctival goblet cells were evaluated under general anesthesia using conjunctival impression cytology. Corneal wetting property was evaluated by measuring the duration from when the image of the microscopic light beam was clear on the corneal surface immediately after blinking to when the image began to blur. RESULTS: The mean time of corneal wetting property was 86.40 (+/- 17.90) seconds in the diquafosol group and 49.00 (+/- 6.35) seconds in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.043). The mean concentration of tear MUC5AC was significantly higher in the diquafosol group (18.21 +/- 1.52 ng/mL) than the control group (12.75 +/- 1.82 ng/mL; p = 0.028). Conjunctival impression cytology showed the area of PAS-stained conjunctival goblet cells was significantly lower in the diquafosol group (23.17 +/- 0.05%) than the control group (32.49 +/- 0.08%; p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Immediately after instilling 3% diquafosol, corneal wetting property improved significantly. Also tear MUC5AC concentration, which was released from conjunctival goblet cells increased compared to saline.
Anesthesia, General
;
Blinking
;
Goblet Cells
;
Rabbits*
;
Tears