Objective To conduct a descriptive epidemiological study on thyroid cancer incidence in the urbanarea of Tianjin during 2002 - 2006 and to analyze the secular trend of incidences based on previous data of 26 years and those from Shanghai and the United States. Methods Annual percent change (APC%) of thyroid cancer incidence and the rank of all-site cancer profiles were estimated. The secular trend of different histological incidences and the proportion changes were analyzed. Results The incidence of female thyroid cancer was 6. 55/100000 in 2006, ranking the eighth in the female cancer profile. The incidence of thyroid cancer showed an increased secular trend in recent 26 years, especially a 5.7-fold increase in the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The incidence for female increased by 267% in 2006 compared to that in 1981, APC% was 3. 1%. The variation ranked second among all the female tumors. The incidences of thyroid cancer in Shanghai and the United States also elevated with time.Conclusions Thyroid cancer has been one of female common tumors from a once less common tumor,especially the proportion of PTC is expanding. It suggests that further study on the risk factors and preventive efforts should be made.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of lidocaine on respiratory failure and the airway peak pressure in patients with severe asthma. METHODS: The severe bronchial asthma patients treated with mechanical ventilation were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The change in airway peak pressure, man-machine counteraction, and the correcting time of respiratory failure of the two groups were recorded. RESULTS: The average airway peak pressure was(41.18?10.66) cmH2O in the control group vs.(29.23?9.07) cmH2O in the treatment group; the incidence of man-machine counteraction was 100% for the control group vs. only 40% for the treatment group; the correcting time of respiratory failure was(6.42?1.73) h for the control group vs.(3.31?1.08) h for the treatment group. There were significant differences between the two groups in the above mentioned indexes(P

Following rapid social and economic development over the past several decades,pollution by heavy metals has been both serious and widespread in many areas of the world,including China.The situations of heavy metal pollution in China were reviewed,and the health risk and control policy of such pollution were also analyzed and discussed in present paper.

Objective To explore the association between interleukin 28B (IL-28B),equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (ENT1) gene polymorphisms and spontaneous clearance of HCV in HIV/HCV co-infectors in Hunan province.Methods Genotypes of IL-28B and ENT1 (rs12980275,rs12979860,rs8099917 and rs760370) were analyzed in 107 HIV/HCV co-infectors in Hunan province and the distributions of gene polymorphisms were compared between chronic hepatitis and spontaneous clearance groups.Results The major genotypes in rs12980275,rs12979860 and rs8099917 of IL-28B were AA,CC and TT in HIV/HCV co-infectors,which accounted for 84.1％ of each.The three single nucleotide polymorphisms were highly linkage disequilibrium (r2＞0.94) and the differences of genotype distribution were statistically significant between chronic hepatitis and the spontaneous clearance groups (P＜0.05).Infectors which carrying the major genotypes were more susceptible to spontaneous clearance of HCV.Differences of the genotype distributions in rs760370 of ENT1 were not statistically significant between the two groups.Conclusion Genotypes AA,CC and TT of IL-28B were related to spontaneous clearance of HCV in HIV/HCV co-infectors.

Objective To observe curative effect of rhubarb acupoint sticking with nasal feeding therapy among severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients complicated with the paralytic ileus. Methods During July 2012 to April 2014 in Gastroenterology Department in Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, a total of 40 SAP inpatients were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table. All patients in the two groups received routine anti-infection, fluid infusion treatment, but the patients of experimental group underwent rhubarb acupoint sticking of Shenque Point with nasal feeding therapy while patients were taken placebo of Shenque point and nasal feeding therapy in the control group. We observed patient′s recovery time of bowl sound, time of first self defecation, recovery time of hemodlastase, local complication and mortality in two groups. Results The recovery time of bowl sound, time of first self defecation, recovery time of hemodlastase were (2. 85 ± 1. 04), (3. 55 ± 1. 32) and (8. 85 ± 2. 30) d in the experimental group lower than these of the control group ( t =2. 226,2. 332,2. 067, respectively;P < 0. 05). There were one case of local complication in the experimental group compared with 7 cases in the control group (χ2 = 5. 625,P < 0. 05). The difference was no statistic for mortality between two groups (P > 0. 05). Conclusions Rhubarb acupoint sticking with nasal feeding therapy can minimize the lasting time of paralytic ileus, reduce complication, enhance peristalsis function and clinical effect and operation, and is worth of clinical promotion.

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) exerts apoptotic effects on various types of malignant cells, including liver cancer cells. However, the precise mechanisms by which TGF-β induces apoptosis remain poorly known. In the present study, we have showed that threonine 32 (Thr32) residue of FoxO3 is critical for TGF-β to induce apoptosis via Bim in hepatocarcinoma Hep3B cells. Our data demonstrated that TGF-β induced FoxO3 activation through specific de-phosphorylation at Thr32. TGF-β-activated FoxO3 cooperated with Smad2/3 to mediate Bim up-regulation and apoptosis. FoxO3 (de)phosphorylation at Thr32 was regulated by casein kinase I-ε (CKI-ε). CKI inhibition by small molecule D4476 could abrogate TGF-β-induced FoxO/Smad activation, reverse Bim up-regulation, and block the sequential apoptosis. More importantly, the deregulated levels of CKI-ε and p32FoxO3 were found in human malignant liver tissues. Taken together, our findings suggest that there might be a CKI-FoxO/Smad-Bim engine in which Thr32 of FoxO3 is pivotal for TGF-β-induced apoptosis, making it a potential therapeutic target for liver cancer treatment.
Apoptosis ; genetics ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Bcl-2-Like Protein 11 ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Forkhead Box Protein O3 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Threonine ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics

Objective To determine the incidence and prevalence of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and to evaluate its epidemiological situation in Hunan province.Methods Seven monitoring points were randomly selected from the province,a total of 8 311 subjects aged≥50 years were then chosen by stratified sampling.The cases counted in prevalence was defined as patients diagnosed before 24:00 o'clock August 31st,2013,and the new diagnosis for incident counting was defined as those diagnosed between 00:00 September 1st,2012 and 24:00 August 31st,2013.Results Among all 8 311 screened subjects,the number of TIA patients was 24 (288.8 per 100 000 people),the incidence of TIA was 7 (85.2 per 100 000 people).Standardized prevalence and incidence were 283.2 and 82.4 per 100 000 respectively using 2010 China census population.Among them,the standardized incidence rate of female was higher than that of male (114.8 per 100 000 person-years vs.48.8 per 100 000 person-years),and the prevalence rate of males was higher than that of female (288.2 per 100 000 people vs.273.2 per 100 000 people).Hypertension is the most important risk factor for TIA (55.2％).Conclusion The incidence and prevalence of TIA in Hunan province are higher than the national average.Hypertension is the main risk factor.

Objective:To evaluate the role of spinal cord mitochondrial autophagy in alleviation of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) by curcumin in mice.Methods:SPF healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 2 months, weighing 20-25 g, in which DNP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 130 mg/kg, were used in this study.A total of 36 mice with successfully established DNP model were divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using the random number table method: DNP group, DNP + curcumin group (DPR group), and DNP + curcumin + cyclosporine A group (DRC group). Another 12 C57BL/6 mice were selected and served as normal control group (NC group), and the equal volume of normal saline was intraperitoneally injected.In group DPR, curcumin 200 mg/kg was administered by intragastric gavage, once a day, for 7 consecutive days.In group DRC, the mitochondrial autophagy inhibitor cyclosporine A 10 mg/kg was intrathecally injected once a day for 7 consecutive days before each administration of curcumin.The equal volume of normal saline was administered by intragastric gavage at the same time point, once a day, for 7 consecutive days in group NC and group DNP.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured before intragastric gavage and at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after intragastric gavage.After the last behavioral testing, the L 4-6 spinal cord tissues were removed for determination of the mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS content (by JC-1 and DCFH-DA combined with flow cytometry), expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin1 and P62 (by Western blot), and mitochondrial autophagosomes (by transmission electron microscopy) and for microscopic examination of the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱwith mitochondrial translocase outer membrane protein 20 (TOM20) (using immunofluorescence double-labeling technique). Results:Compared with group NC, the MWT and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly decreased, the ROS content and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio were increased, the expression of Beclin1 was up-regulated, the expression of P62 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), the number of mitophagosomes developed was increased, and the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱwith TOM20 was increased in group DNP.Compared with group DNP, the MWT and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly increased, the ROS content was decreased, and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was increased, the expression of Beclin1 was up-regulated, the expression of P62 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), the number of mitophagosomes developed was increased, and the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱwith TOM20 was increased in group DPR.Compared with group DPR, the MWT and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly decreased, the ROS content was increased, LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was decreased, the expression of Beclin1 was down-regulated, the expression of P62 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), the number of mitophagosomes developed was decreased, and the co-expression of LC3-Ⅱ with TOM20 was decreased in group DRC. Conclusions:The mechanism by which curcumin reduces DNP may be related to the up-regulation of mitochondrial autophagy in the spinal cord and improvement in mitochondrial function in mice.

Objective:To explore the clinical features and survival of newly diagnosed follicular lymphoma (FL) patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) component.Methods:1845 newly diagnosed FL patients aged ≥ 18 years with grades 1-3a in 11 medical centers in China from 2000 to 2020 were included, and patients with DLBCL component were screened. The clinical data and survival data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the prognostic factors were screened by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results:146 patients (7.9% ) with newly diagnosed FL had DLBCL component. The median age was 56 (25-83) years, 79 males (54.1% ) . The pathology of 127 patients showed the proportion of DLBCL component. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether the proportion of DLBCL component was ≥ 50% . The study found that patients with DLBCL component ≥ 50% had higher grade 3 ratio (94.3% vs 91.9% , P=0.010) , Ki-67 index ≥ 70% ratio (58.5% vs 32.9% , P=0.013) and PET-CT SUVmax ≥ 13 ratio (72.4% vs 46.3% , P=0.030) than patients with DLBCL component<50% . All patients received CHOP or CHOP like ± rituximab chemotherapy. The overall response rate (ORR) was 88.2% , and the complete response (CR) rate was 76.4% . In the groups with different proportions of DLBCL component, there was no significant difference in the remission rate after induction treatment and the incidence of disease progression within 2 years after initiation of treatment (POD24) ( P<0.05) . The overall estimated 5-year progression free survival (PFS) rate was 58.9% , and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 90.4% . The 5-year OS rate of POD24 patients was lower than that of non POD24 patients (70.3% vs 98.5% , P<0.001) . Compared with non maintenance treatment of rituximab, maintenance treatment of rituximab could not benefit the 5-year PFS rate (57.7% vs 58.8% , P=0.543) , and the 5-year OS rate had a benefit trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (100% vs 87.8% , P=0.082) . Multivariate analysis showed that failure to reach CR after induction treatment was an independent risk factor for PFS ( P=0.006) , while LDH higher than normal was an independent risk factor for OS ( P=0.031) . Conclusion:FL patients with DLBCL component ≥50% have more invasive clinical and pathological features. CHOP/CHOP like ± rituximab regimen can improve the clinical efficacy of patients. Rituximab maintenance therapy can not benefit the PFS and OS of patients. Failure to reach CR after induction therapy was the independent unfavorable factor for PFS.