A new theory called respectful education has been brought up and studied in the preliminary education of ourcountry in recent years. It is the kind of education that calls for a respectful way of interaction among the supervisors,teachers and students and it mostly emphasizes the satisfaction of one's psychological need and the opportunity of anall-around development. As an important component of the quality education in our country, we military academy isundergoing a teaching reform, in which we have found the lack of training on our students' ability of innovative thinkingand nurturance of creativity and a good personality. Therefore, we borrow the ideas and experience presented in thetheory of respectful education in order to discuss the meaning of advocating the theory in the education in militaryacademy and the principles of applying the theory to the practice of education reform.[

The Scientific Development Concept provides significant guidance for the discipline construction.This thesis discusses how to embody the scientific development concept in accelerating the all-round construction of disciplines in our unit from the aspects of general target,approaches and talents cultivation.

For the inviolable assignment and basic requirement of culturing technical talents,a new military educational pattern was explored during"9-5 plans"in the third military medical university.Through the combination of peace time and war time,theory and practice,military affairs and speciality,and academy and army,a new series of means for military quality education was established,leading to the improvement of military quality of students.

For the employment orientation of graduates in clinical medical major from three-year medical eduction,a curriculum system,which will be used to foster practical medical talented person for urban and rural communities,has been proposed in this paper.We will take measures,which not only further defines training target and requirement for the practical medical person from the short school system and guides students to alterate their ideological concept but also reconstructures new curriculum system and reforms teaching methods,to ensure the implementation of the training objectives

With the rapid development of information technology and the change in military education policy in the new era, online teaching has gradually become one of the main approaches to implement the clinical medical education in military teaching hospitals. In this study, the online teaching was performed mainly by pre-recorded teaching, supplemented by online live teaching. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) and the seminar-style teaching were advocated to be used in advanced disciplines. The quality of online teaching was guaranteed through infrastructure provision, teacher arrangement, teaching preparation, teaching interactivity, after-class test, teaching evaluation, supervision, and summary of teaching, which ultimately achieved a good effect. The results of the two-way questionnaires of 26 teachers and 129 students showed that 23.26% (30/129) of students and 65.38% (17/26) of teachers believed that students' learning ability was insufficient. 34.88% (45/129) of students and 23.08% (6/26) of teachers thought that the existing technology could not meet the requirements of online teaching. 55.04% (71/129) of students and 69.23% (18/26) of teachers held the view that the effect of online teaching was inferior to face-to-face teaching. 28.68% (37/129) of students and 57.69% (15/26) of faculty asked for the return of face-to-face education. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of smart classroom platforms, establish a well-developed online teaching quality evaluation system, and integrate various innovative teaching modes with the online teaching. In these ways, it is expected to optimize the online teaching of clinical medicine and achieve the goal of online teaching.

PURPOSE: Numerous previous studies have reported inconsistent results about the differences between synchronous contralateral breast cancer (sCBC) and metachronous contralateral breast cancer (mCBC). This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes between sCBC and mCBC and determine predictive factors for the survival of sCBC and mCBC patients. METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database, we identified sCBC or mCBC patients from 2000 to 2010. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to analyze overall survival and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) rates of sCBCs and mCBCs, respectively. RESULTS: Overall, 14,057 sCBC (n = 8,139, 57.9%) and mCBC (n = 5,918, 42.1%) patients were included. The first tumors of sCBC were more likely to have higher stage and more lymph and distant metastases, whereas those of mCBC were more often infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), had localized stage, were estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negative, and had less axillary nodal involvement. The second tumors of mCBC tended to be IDC and have higher grade, adverse stage, ER and PR-negativity; and more axillary nodal involvement, compared to the second tumors of sCBC. mCBC patients had significantly favorable 5-year BCSS but worse long-term BCSS compared with sCBC patients. Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed no significant difference of BCSS between sCBC and mCBC among patients aged 18–60 years. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, grade, and stage of 2 tumors; surgery for second tumor; and ER status of the second tumor were independent prognostic factors for BCSS of contralateral breast cancer (CBC). CONCLUSION: The characteristics and outcomes of sCBCs and mCBCs were substantially different. sCBC and mCBC patients may have different prognosis, and the prognosis of CBC depends on the first and second tumors.
Age of Onset ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Risk Factors ; SEER Program

OBJECTIVETo identify the candidate chromosomal region for congenital preauricular fistula (CPF) through analysis of an affected Chinese family.

METHODSConventional linkage analysis using short tandem repeats (STR) markers was performed to investigate three chromosomal regions 8q11.1-q13.3, 1q32-q34.3 and 14q31.1-q31.3.

RESULTSNone of 16 STRs could attain a LOD score of more than -2.0 (theta=0). Therefore, the three regions were all excluded as the candidate region for the disease.

CONCLUSIONCPF features high genetic heterogeneity. The family may have a causative gene elsewhere. Whole-genome-based study is needed to identify its genetic etiology.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; genetics ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Pedigree