1.Examination of the effect of xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and conditioned medium on cartilage graft viability: a rabbit model
Abdullah UNLU ; Muhammet Volkan BULBUL ; Bircan Kolbasi ERKAN ; İlkay OZDEMIR ; Ilknur KESKIN ; Mustafa SUTCU
Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2023;29(3):129-135
Background:
Since cartilage, unlike skin, does not contain vessels, it obtains nutrition by diffusion. This reduces graft viability, resulting in problems such as reductions in size, changes in shape, and resorption of the cartilage graft in the late post-graft period. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal cells and conditioned medium (CM) on cartilage graft viability.
Methods:
Dissections were performed 4 months after the injection of 0.5 mL of CM or 2×106 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 0.5 mL after grafting into a control group and two experimental groups (n=21 rabbits in total). Chondrocyte viability and type II collagen expression in the grafted areas were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical methods, respectively.
Results:
In the MSC and CM groups, chondrocyte proliferation at the graft tissue incision margin (MSC: P<0.01, CM: P<0.0001), chondrocyte proliferation at the auricular cartilage incision margin (MSC: P<0.05, CM: P<0.0001), integration of the graft with the surrounding cartilage (MSC: P<0.001, CM: P<0.0001) and type II collagen expression levels (MSC: P=0.001, CM: P=0.0002) significantly increased.
Conclusions
Xenogenic injection of MSCs and CM contributed to new cartilage production without any tumoral effects or immune reactions. In particular, the cell-free nature of CM strengthened its potential for safe use. Since injections of MSC and CM can preserve cartilage graft viability, interest in this technique is expected to increase as long-term results from clinical studies on the subject become available.
2.Effects of Varicocele Repair on Sperm DNA Fragmentation and Seminal Malondialdehyde Levels in Infertile Men with Clinical Varicocele:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Rossella CANNARELLA ; Rupin SHAH ; Ramadan SALEH ; Florence BOITRELLE ; Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid HAMODA ; Rajender SINGH ; Gianmaria SALVIO ; Tuncay TOPRAK ; Marco FALCONE ; Murat GUL ; Fotios DIMITRIADIS ; Amarnath RAMBHATLA ; Giorgio I. RUSSO ; Edmund KO ; Armand ZINI ; Parviz KAVOUSSI ; Nguyen Ho Vinh PHUOC ; Hussein KANDIL ; Ramy Abou GHAYDA ; Ponco BIROWO ; Nazim GHERABI ; Erman CEYHAN ; Jie DONG ; Vineet MALHOTRA ; Damayanthi DURAIRAJANAYAGAM ; Bircan KOLBASI ; Fahmi BAHAR ; Gokhan CALIK ; Selahittin ÇAYAN ; Germar-Michael PINGGERA ; Aldo E. CALOGERO ; Osvaldo RAJMIL ; Taymour MOSTAFA ; Widi ATMOKO ; Ahmed M. HARRAZ ; Tan V. LE ; Jean de la ROSETTE ; Lukman HAKIM ; Edoardo PESCATORI ; Oleg SERGEYEV ; Ayman RASHED ; Pallavi SAINI ; Ashok AGARWAL
The World Journal of Men's Health 2024;42(2):321-337
Purpose:
Varicoceles can be a source of elevated seminal oxidative stress (OS) and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). However, it remains unclear whether varicocele repair (VR) could reduce these parameters. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) aims to investigate the impact of VR on SDF and seminal malondialdehyde (MDA).
Materials and Methods:
A literature search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane databases. This SRMA included randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting the pre- and postoperative levels of SDF and seminal OS in infertile men with clinical varicocele that underwent VR. Subgroup analyses included techniques of VR and SDF testing. The effect size was expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD).
Results:
Out of 1,632 abstracts assessed for eligibility, 29 studies with 1,491 infertile men were included. The analysis showed a significant reduction in SDF after VR, compared to preoperative values (SMD −1.125, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.410, −0.840; p<0.0001) with high inter-study heterogeneity (I2=90.965%). Reduction in SDF was evident with microsurgical technique and non-microsurgical inguinal approaches (SMD −1.014, 95% CI −1.263, −0.765; p<0.0001, and SMD −1.495, 95% CI −2.116, −0.873; p<0.0001), respectively. Reduction in SDF was significant irrespective of testing was done by sperm chromatin dispersion (SMD −2.197, 95% CI −3.187, −1.207; p<0.0001), sperm chromatin structure assay (SMD −0.857, 95% CI −1.156, −0.559; p<0.0001) or TUNEL (SMD −1.599, 95% CI −2.478, −0.719; p<0.0001). A significant decrease in seminal MDA levels was observed following VR (SMD −2.450, 95% CI −3.903 to −0.997, p=0.001) with high inter-study heterogeneity (I2=93.7%).
Conclusions
Using pre- and post-intervention data, this SRMA indicates a significant reduction in SDF and seminal MDA levels in infertile men with clinical varicocele treated with VR. These findings may have important implications for the future management of this selected group of infertile patients.