Objective To compare intramedullary nailing assisted by minimally invasive cerclage with simple intramedullary nailing in the treatment of femoral long oblique subtrochanteric fractures.Methods From April 2010 to September 2015,our department treated 39 patients with femoral long oblique subtrochanteric fracture.Of them,16 were treated by cephalomedullary nailing combined with minimally invasive cerclage (observation group of 11 males and 5 females with an average age of 42.8 ± 13.2 years) and 23 by simple cephalomedullary nailing (control group of 17 males and 6 females with an average age of 46.2 ± 10.1 years).Their operation time,intraoperative blood loss,radiologic results (union time and alignment) and functional results [Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Harris hip score] were compared between the 2 groups.Results The 39 patients were followed up from 12 to 30 months (average,15 months).For the observation group,the varus angle (2.2°± 1.4°) was significantly smaller than for the control group(4.1°±2.2°),the VAS scores at 1 and 3 months postoperatively (3.43 ± 1.54,1.13 ± 1.20) were significantly lower than for the control group (5.61 ± 1.41,3.34 ± 1.82),and the clinical union ratio at 3 months postoperatively(87.5％,14/16) significantly higher than for the control group (47.8％,11/23) (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,Harris hip score at one year postoperatively,VAS score at 6 months postoperatively,or clinical union ratio at 6 or 12 months postoperatively(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Cephalomedullary nailing is effective for the treatment of femoral long oblique subtrochanteric fractures no matter it is assisted by minimally invasive cerclage or not.However,since minimally invasive cerclage has the advantage of improving reduction and mechanical stability,combination of minimally invasive cerclage and cephalomedullary nailing may be more advantageous in early pain-relieving and functional recovery.

Objective To analyzes the Chinese and English literature of anti-tumor of licorice based on CiteSpace knowledge graph,and explores the research status,research hotspots and trends.Methods CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software was used to visually analyze the Chinese and English literature on licorice anti-tumor from January 2002 to September 2023 included in CNKI and Web of Science,and visually analyzed the research topics such as the number of publications,authors,institutions,journals,funds,and keywords.Results A total of 397 Chinese articles and 172 English articles were included after screening.The analysis of the authors of Chinese and English literature shows that Zheng Qiusheng and Jung are the authors with the largest number of anti-tumor articles in Chinese and English respectively,while Beijing University of traditional Chinese Medicine and Hallym University have the largest number of articles in Chinese and English respectively,and there is relatively more cooperation among research institutions in English literature.Chinese and English keyword analysis shows that the anti-tumor research of Glycyrrhiza uralensis mainly focuses on breast cancer,licorice and its active components,molecular mechanism and so on.Cluster analysis shows that research has focused on the active ingredients and clinical applications of licorice;Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment theory and commonly used compound medicines;Experimental research and mechanism of action of licorice on anti-tumor effects;Research on the mechanism of licorice in preventing and treating nephrotoxicity and other toxic side effects caused by chemotherapy drugs.Conclusion The study of anti-tumor mechanism of licorice and the combination of licorice and natural products may be the focus of future research.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of Shentao Ruangan Prescription on hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods MTT assay was used to detect the activity of Shentao Ruangan Prescription against HepG2 cells and the effects of PI3K/Akt/MAPK inhibitors(LY294002,Akti,MEKi,JNKi),apoptosis inhibitor(Z-VAD)and autophagy inhibitor(Wortmanin)in human hepatoma cells.),ferroptosis inhibitor(Ferrostatin-1)and cell necrosis inhibitor(Necrostatin-1)on the inhibition of HepG2 activity of human hepatoma cells by Shentao Ruangan Prescription.LDH method was used to detect the toxicity of Shentao Ruangan Prescription on HepG2 cells;Real-time PCR experiment tested the effect of Shentao Ruangan Prescription on the pyroptosis marker IL-1β in human hepatoma cells HepG2;Western blot experiment explored the effect of Shentao Ruangan Prescription on the Akt/ERK signaling pathway in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and the expression of Akt,ERK,P-ERK,the key proteins of apoptosis signaling pathway Caspase 3,PARP,Bcl2,Bax,and the expression of pyroptosis marker Cleavaged Caspase-1.Results Shentao Ruangan Prescription Can effectively inhibit the activity of human hepatoma HepG2 cells.LY294002,Wortmanin,Akti,MEKi,JNKi,Z-Vad,Ferrostatin-1,Necrostatin-1 had no significant effect on the inhibition of HepG2 activity by total extract(water extract),supernatant and precipitation.Shentao Ruangan Prescription promoted the release of LDH in human hepatoma HepG2 cells,causing cytotoxicity.It inhibited HepG2 pyroptosis markers in human hepatoma cells and the expression of IL-1β and Cleavaged Caspase-1 and decreased the protein expression of Akt in human hepatoma cells HepG2 but inversely increased Caspase3 protein expression.Conclusion Shentao Ruangan Prescription has the effect of inhibiting the activity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression of Akt and promoting the expression of Caspase3.At the same time,Shentao Ruangan Prescription reduces the expressions of IL-1β and Cleavaged Caspase-1,which may inhibit cell pyroptosis.The inhibitory effect of Shentao Ruangan Prescription on the activity of liver cancer cells is likely to be independent of programmed death modes such as autophagy and necrotizing apoptosis,and PI3K/Akt/MAPK signal transduction.The total extract of Shentao Ruangan Prescription has better anti-hepatoma activity than its water-soluble and alcohol-soluble components,and its water-soluble and alcohol-soluble components may have synergistic effect.

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease which primarily affects the colonic mucosa. The UC patients mainly present diarrhea， abdominal pain， tenesmus， and mucous bloody stools， and even malnutrition and systemic symptoms in severe cases， with rising incidence， which has a significant impact on the health and quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of UC is not clear， and the Western medical therapies include sulfasalazine， glucocorticoids， and immunosuppressants， which， however， have side effects and unsatisfactory effects. Chinese medicine with high safety， mild adverse reactions， and a multi-component， multi-target， and multi-pathway treatment manner has garnering increasing attention. Therefore， finding the Chinese medicine to treat UC has become a hot spot. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines， with the effects of tonifying spleen and reinforcing qi， clearing heat and detoxifying， dispelling phlegm and relieving cough， relieving pain， and harmonizing medicines. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma mainly contains glycyrrhizic acid， glycyrrhetinic acid， diammonium glycyrrhizinate and other active ingredients. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， antimicrobial， and immunomodulatory activities. According to statistics， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is among the top three Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of UC. The recent years have witnessed progress in the treatment of UC with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and the related prescriptions. The present study summarized the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory， immunomodulatory， intestinal flora-regulating， cell apoptosis-inducing， and oxidative stress-reducing effects of the key chemical constituents （glycyrrhetinic acid， diammonium glycyrrhizinate， polysaccharide， glycyrrhetinic acid， and isoglycyrrhizin） and compound prescriptions of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The findings provide a solid foundation for further development and clinical application of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.