As an important auxiliary material, adhesive materials have many important applications in various fields including but not limited to industrial packaging, marine engineering, and biomedicine. Naturally occurring adhesives such as mussel foot proteins are usually biocompatible and biodegradable, but their limited sources and poor mechanical properties in physiological conditions have limited their widespread uses in biomedical field. Inspired by the underwater adhesion phenomenon of natural organisms, a series of biomimetic adhesive materials have been developed through chemical or bioengineering approaches. Notably, some of those synthetic adhesives have exhibited great promise for medical applications in terms of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, strong tissue adhesion and many other attractive functional properties. As natural adhesive materials possess distinctive "living" attributes such as environmental responsiveness, self-regeneration and autonomous repairs, the development of various biologically inspired and biomimetic adhesive materials using natural adhesives as blueprints will thus be of keen and continuous interest in the future. The emerging field of synthetic biology will likely provide new opportunities to design living glues that recapitulate the dynamic features of those naturally occurring adhesives.
Adhesives ; Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Biomimetic Materials ; chemistry ; Biomimetics ; Bivalvia

The aim of this study was to elaborate a dense, strong and thin calcium-phosphate coating on commercial porous pure titanium implant surface in the light of a fast biomimetic procedure. After being polished, sandblasted, cleaned and treated with the mixture of HF and HNO3, the titanium plates were divided into two groups, namely group A and group B. The specimens of group A were free from any treatment. The specimens of group B were treated with the mixture of 48% H2SO4 and 18% HCl. All specimens soaked in SBF-A solution for 1d. Then the specimens were immersed in the SBF-B solution for 2 d. A thin calcium-phosphate coating was deposited on all the specimens of the two groups, the surface consisted of well-formed crystals, which were proved to be the mixture of hydroxycarbonated apatite (HCA) and octacalcium phosphate (OCP); the coating's Ca/P rate was 1.51. A thin carbonated calcium-phosphate coating was deposited on porous pure titanium by the use of the fast biomimetic procedure.
Biomimetic Materials ; analysis ; chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates ; analysis ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Crystallization ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry

Porous HA ceramics were prepared by using NH4 HCO3/PVA as pore-formed material along with biological glass as intensifier, and these ceramics were immersed in Locke's Physiological Saline and Simulate Body Fluid (SBF). The changes of phase composition, grain size and crystallinity of porous HA ceramics before and after immersion were investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The biological activity was evaluated. The porous HA ceramics showed various degrees of decomposition after immersion in the two solution systems, but there was no evident change in respect to crystallinity. Besides, the impact of different degrees of solution systems on the change of grain size and planar preferred orientation was observed. The TCP phase of the ceramics immersed in Locke's Physiological Saline decomposed and there was no crystal growth on the surface of ceramics; however, the grain size of ceramics immersed in SBF became refined in certain degree and the surface of ceramics took on the new crystal growth.
Bicarbonates ; chemistry ; Biomimetic Materials ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Ceramics ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Polyvinyl Alcohol ; chemistry ; Porosity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the apatite forming ability of pure titanium implant after micro-arc oxidation treatment in simulated body fluid (SBF) and obtain implants with calcium phosphate (Ca-P) layers.

METHODSThe implants were immersed in (SBF) after micro-arc oxidation treatment for different time lengths, and their apatite forming ability and the morphology and constituents of the Ca-P layers formed on the sample surface were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive electron probe.

RESULTSAfter immersion in SBF, large quantities of Ca-P layers were induced on the surface of the samples. The Ca-P layers were composed of octacalcium phosphate and carbonated hydroxyapatite, and the crystals showed a plate-like morphology with an oriented growth.

CONCLUSIONThe implants with micro-arc oxidation treatment show good apatite forming ability on the surface with rich calcium and phosphorus elements. The formed layers are composed of bone-like apatite including octacalcium phosphate and carbonated hydroxyapatite.

Apatites ; chemistry ; Biomimetic Materials ; chemistry ; Body Fluids ; chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Prostheses and Implants ; Random Allocation ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry

In the present work, NiTi alloy substrates were activated by three different pretreatment processes. 5 X SBF1 and 5 X SBF2 concentrated simulated body fluids were prepared with citric acid buffer reagent, and then calcium phosphate coatings were formed quickly on NiTi alloy surface by accelerated biomimetic synthesis after pretreatment. The microstructure, composition and surface morphology of calcium phosphate coatings were studied. The results indicate that calcium phosphate coatings possess porous and net structure, which are composed of precipitated spherical particles with diameter less than 3 microm. The analysis of XRD shows that the main component of calcium phosphate coatings is hydroxyapatite, whereas the concentrated 5 x SBF simulated body fluid, which is in the absence of Mg2+ and HCO3- crystal growth inhibitors, apparently accelerates the growth rate of hydroxyapatite coatings.
Biomimetic Materials ; Body Fluids ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemical synthesis ; Computer Simulation ; Durapatite ; chemical synthesis ; Humans ; Nickel ; Titanium

To the specificity of equivalent material of human skin mechanical properties, the static-load pressing method for testing the elastic nature of the equivalent material of human skin is proposed, and the designs experimental set for the test is designed. The result show that the method is correct and feasible.
Biomimetic Materials ; chemistry ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Skin ; Skin Physiological Phenomena ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

The construction of biologic functional surfaces of materials, from the visual angle of material science, is aimed to make the biomaterials adapted by tissues, and to endow them with dynamic conformity; moreover, from the view-point of clinical applications, it is the functional surface to join the environmental tissues with the implanted material, playing the role of artificial extracellular matrix (ECM). The architecture of biologic functional surface is very important in tissue engineering science. Here the primary concepts of biological surface science and the construction and application of biofunctional surfaces in tissue engineering are reviewed.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Biomimetic Materials ; chemistry ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Extracellular Matrix ; chemistry ; Humans ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; trends ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

In the present study, novel biomemetic composite scaffolds using the sol-gel derived bioactive glass (BG), collagen (COL), and phosphoserine (PS) were prepared by freeze-drying. MC3T3-E1 were cultivated in vitro, collected and seeded onto the surface of BG, BG-COL and BG-COL-PS. Cell attachment and proliferation were observed. The cell proliferation was tracked by MTT method 1,3,5 d after seeding. MTT showed that the cells can adhere to and proliferate well on the surface of the scaffolds, and the cell proliferation result of scaffold BG-COL-PS was better than those of scaffolds BG and BG-COL. Therefore, the scaffold BG-COL-PS can be a potential scaffold for tissue engineer.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Biomimetic Materials ; chemical synthesis ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Ceramics ; chemistry ; Collagen ; chemistry ; Mice ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Phosphoserine ; chemistry ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds

OBJECTIVETo explore biomimetic mineralization of polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM) of gene-loaded lipopolysaccharide-amine nanopolymersomes/hyaluronic acid self assembled on titanium surface.

METHODSVia lay-by-layer self assembly technology, PEM were constructed on titanium or quartz surface using bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2) plasmid-loaded lipopolysaccharide-amine nanopolymersomes(pLNP) as a polycation, and hyaluronic acid(HA) as a polyanion. The constructed PEM were defined as substrate-pLNP-(HA-pLNP)n, where a successive deposition of HA and pLNP on substrate surface was defined as one assembly cycle, and n was the cycle number. Biomimetic mineralization on surfaces of Ti-pLNP-(HA-pLNP)4(Group A, with outermost layer of pLNP), Ti-pLNP-(HA-pLNP)4.5(Group B, with outermost layer of HA), blank control(polished titanium, Ti) and alkaline-heat treated titanium(Ti-OH) were investigated. The biomimetic mineralization was analyzed by observing the topography under field-emisssion electron microscopy(FE-SEM), characterizing the surface chemical structure and components via X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and X-ray energy disperse spectroscopy(EDS).

RESULTSFor experiment groups, XRD analysis showed that the diffraction peak of hydroxyapatite appeared, and its intensity was higher than that for Ti group. FE-SEM images showed that its surface was homogeneously covered by discrete agglomerate of big particles. EDS spectra showed that the percentage of Ca and P were 77.24% and 64.23%, and these were much higher than those in Ti group.

CONCLUSIONSThe surface of Ti-pLNP-(HA-pLNP)n is favorable for in vitro biomimetic mineralization.

Amines ; chemistry ; Biomimetic Materials ; chemistry ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Hyaluronic Acid ; chemistry ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Nanocomposites ; chemistry ; Plasmids ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry

Collagen, which widely exists in skin, bone, muscle and other tissues, is a major structural protein in mammalian extracellular matrix. It participates in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and signal transmission, plays an important role in tissue support and repair and exerts a protective effect. Collagen is widely used in tissue engineering, clinical medicine, food industry, packaging materials, cosmetics and medical beauty due to its good biological characteristics. This paper reviews the biological characteristics of collagen and its application in bioengineering research and development in recent years. Finally, we prospect the future application of collagen as a biomimetic material.
Animals ; Collagen/analysis* ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism* ; Biomimetic Materials/chemistry* ; Bone and Bones ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Mammals/metabolism*