The article presents an overview of the basic data influencing the choice of materials for the manufacture of self-expanding metallic stents to be implanted into gastrointestinal tract, particularly esophageal stents. The data are evaluated primarily in terms of the manufacturer of stents. The text emphasizes not only the importance of the materials themselves, but also the biological environment in which the stent is used. Brief history of materials used in gastrointestinal stents mentions stainless steel, cobalt-chromium and nickel titanium alloys and polymers (polyester and polydioxanone). The text describes the properties of metal materials (composition, corrosion, mechanical properties) with particular focus on nickel-titanium alloy—nitinol. It lists advantages and disadvantages of nitinol. At the end of the review the authors briefly present their opinion on future materials of gastrointestinal stents and their covering.
Alloys ; Biocompatible Materials ; Biomedical and Dental Materials ; Corrosion ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Nickel ; Polymers ; Self Expandable Metallic Stents ; Stainless Steel ; Stents* ; Titanium

The study is based on the fact that cyanoacrylate is being used for surgical purposes as a tissue adhesive Purpose: To determine the feasibility of using cyanoacrylate in the repair of periorbital wounds and evaluate the cosmetic appearance Methods: Histoacryl was applied evenly to dried wound edges and held in place for minutes until bonding is obtained. Patients were given oral antibiotics and ATS. Documentations were done Results: Repair of wounds with cyanoacrylate yielded good cosmetic results Conclusion: Use of tissue adhesive - cyanoacrylate - is found to be time saving; minimizes discomfort for patients and with good cosmetic outcome.
Human ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES ; COHORT STUDIES ; BIOMEDICAL AND DENTAL MATERIALS ; TISSUE ADHESIVES ; CYANOACRYLATE

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of ozonated water on physical and chemical properties of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) materials.

METHODSVSD materials (foam and sealing membrane) were immersed in 10 µg/ml ozonated water for 1 h twice daily for 8 days. The foam appearance and microscopic structure of the materials were observed, and tensile tests and Raman spectrum scan were performed assess the effect of ozonated water. Simulated VSD devices were prepared and tested for leakproofness under negative pressure after ozonated water treatment.

RESULTSzonated water treatment for 8 days caused no obvious abnormal changes in the foam appearance or microscopic structure of the materials. The maximum tensile load of foam before and after ozonated water treatment was 4.25∓0.73 kgf and 2.44∓0.19 kgf (P=0.000), the momentary distance when the foam torn before and after intervention was 92.54∓12.83 mm and 64.44∓4.60 mm, respectively (P=0.000). The corresponding results for VSD sealing membrane were 0.70∓0.58 kgf and 0.71∓0.08 kgf (P=0.698), and 99.30∓10.27 mm and 100.95∓18.22 mm (P=0.966), respectively. Raman spectroscopy revealed changes in only several wave intensities and no new chemical groups appeared within the scan range of 400-4000 cm(-1). The VSD device was well hermetic after treatment with ozonated water.

CONCLUSIONExcept for a decreased stretch resistance property of the foam, VSD materials display no obvious changes in physical and chemical characteristics after treatment with ozonated water for 8 days.

Biomedical and Dental Materials ; chemistry ; Drainage ; instrumentation ; methods ; Ozone ; Vacuum ; Water ; chemistry

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate which of the following imaging methods best assessed misfit at the tooth-restoration interface: (1) bitewing radiographs, both conventional and digital, performed using a photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) and a charge-coupled device (CCD) system; (2) panoramic radiographs, both conventional and digital; and (3) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty healthy human molars with class I cavities were selected and divided into 4 groups according to the restoration that was applied: composite resin, composite resin with liner material to simulate misfit, dental amalgam, and dental amalgam with liner material to simulate misfit. Radiography and tomography were performed using the various imaging methods, and the resulting images were analyzed by 2 calibrated radiologists. The true presence or absence of misfit corresponding to an area of radiolucency in regions subjacent to the esthetic and metal restorations was validated with microscopy. The data were analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the scores were compared using the Cohen kappa coefficient. RESULTS: For bitewing images, the digital systems (CCD and PSP) showed a higher area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for the evaluation of resin restorations, while the conventional images exhibited a larger AUROC for the evaluation of amalgam restorations. Conventional and digital panoramic radiographs did not yield good results for the evaluation of resin and amalgam restorations (P < .05). CBCT images exhibited good results for resin restorations (P>.05), but showed no discriminatory ability for amalgam restorations (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Bitewing radiographs (conventional or digital) should be the method of choice when assessing dental restoration misfit.
Biomedical and Dental Materials ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Amalgam ; Humans ; Methods ; Microscopy ; Molar ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Radiography ; ROC Curve ; Tooth

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biological safety of compound galvano-ceramic bridge by measuring the consistency of released nickel ion of the galvano-form slices cohered with Ni-Cr alloy slice specimens which were immersed in artificial saliva.

METHODSSpecimens were divided into five groups with four tests and one control. Test specimens were made into the structure like rectangle sandwich that one side of Ni-Cr alloy was cohered to the center surface of galvano golden base of 0.2 mm and another side was fused porcelain with the thickness of 0.3 mm (group A), 0.5 mm (group B), 1.0 mm (group C), and 0.3 mm (group D). And the Ni-Cr alloys were totally embedded in galvano golden base and firing porcelain. Naked Ni-Cr alloy was taken as control. Group D was immersed into acid artificial saliva (AS) with high fluoride, while others were in acid AS at 37 degrees C for 120 h. Then the consistency of released nickel ion in the solution was measured with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).

RESULTSNickel ions detected in the artificial saliva for the groups A, B, C, and D in acid AS with or without high fluoride were all under 0.005 mg/L Significant differences were found between each test group and the control [(0.65 +/- 0.45) mg/L].

CONCLUSIONSGalvano-ceramic bridge, Ni-Cr alloy bridge with fused porcelain and golden base, shows biological safety responsible for the consistency of released nickel ion.

Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Dental Materials ; Materials Testing ; Metal Ceramic Alloys ; chemistry ; Nickel ; analysis

Evidence-based management of medical disposable materials pays attention to collect evidence comprehensively and systematically, accumulate and create evidence through its own work and also evaluate evidence strictly. This can be used as a function to guide out job. Medical disposable materials evidence system contains product register qualification, product quality certification, supplier's behavior, internal and external communication evidence. Managers can find different ways in creating and using evidence referring to specific inside and outside condition. Evidence-based management can help accelerating the development of management of medical disposable materials from traditional experience pattern to a systematic and scientific pattern. It also has the very important meaning to improve medical quality, control the unreasonable growth of medical expense and make purchase and supply chain be more efficient.
Biomedical and Dental Materials ; economics ; supply & distribution ; Disposable Equipment ; economics ; supply & distribution ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Purchasing, Hospital ; organization & administration

Post-operative adhesions are a common complication of pelvic and abdominal surgeries. Many approaches for preventing post-operative adhesions have been developed. This review summarizes the recent advances in this topic.
Abdomen ; surgery ; Biomedical and Dental Materials ; Humans ; Pelvis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Tissue Adhesions ; etiology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to establish sol-gel technique of coating titanium on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy (PFM) in order to enhance corrosion resistance and reduce corrosive rate in oral cavity.

METHODSThe sol-gel technique included four steps: (1) pre-treatment; (2) preparation of sol; (3) coating; (4) heat treatment. Elements on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy were analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

RESULTSAfter coating Ti, the surface of Ni-Cr alloy looked light golden without particles, blisters and fragments. Besides Ni and Cr, titanium was found on surface of Ni-Cr alloy after coating. With Ar(+) ion carving-corrosion figure, the thickness of titanium was about 20 - 80 microm.

CONCLUSIONWith sol-gel technique, titanium could be coated on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy.

Chromium Alloys ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Dental Alloys ; chemistry ; Dental Materials ; Gels ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Nickel ; chemistry ; Titanium ; chemistry

Titanium alloy material (TC4) samples were treated with nitriding technique. The dynamic friction and wear behavior of the modified layer were examined on a reciprocating sliding rig in artificial saliva. Microhardness, depth profile and wear mechanisms were investigated by means of MVK-H12, TALYSURF6, XPS and microscopy. The results demonstrate that after being treated with nitriding technique the titanium alloy material (TC4) has better tribological behavior and up-graded wear resistance. The wear mechanism involves adhesion.
Adsorption ; Biocompatible Materials ; Dental Alloys ; chemistry ; Dental Materials ; Dental Prosthesis ; Electricity ; Friction ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry

Visualizing living cells growing on co-cultured biomaterials is ideal for material biocompatibility evaluation in vitro. In this experiment, mouse fibroblasts L929 were labeled by introducing the gene coding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) marker into the cells. Morphology as well as proliferation of labeled cells surrounding or on the surface of co-cultured denture base resin slides were observed by use of phase-contrast microscope and fluorescent microscope directly. It was found that residual methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the denture base resin exhibited transient cytotoxicity to fibroblasts and this transient cytotoxicity could be eliminated by pre-extracting the resin with ddH2O for a short time. This fact demonstrated that even slight cytotoxicity of materials could be detected through imaging of living cells near material or material touched. And it was suggested that imaging of living cells co-cultured with biomaterial is helpful to understanding biocompatibility of materials more accurately.
Acrylic Resins ; Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Dental Materials ; Denture Bases ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Indicators and Reagents ; analysis ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Transfection