Biomedical Research ; methods ; Interdisciplinary Communication

The paradigm of a real world study has become the frontiers of clinical researches, especially in the field of Chinese medicine, all over the world in recent years. In this paper, ethical issues which probably exist in real-world studies are raised and reviewed. Moreover, some preliminary solutions to these issues such as protecting subjects during the process of real-world studies and performing ethical review are raised based on recent years' practices to enhance the scientificity and ethical level of real-world studies.
Biomedical Research ; ethics ; methods ; Humans

The connotation of integrative medicine was quoted and the formation of integrative medicine explained, mainly covering the following points: its philosophical and cultural bases, its formation being the request of the epoch, integrative medicine in line with the developing tendency of modem medicine, integrative medicine being an important orientation for the development of traditional medicine. Comprehensive concepts should be persisted in developing integrative medicine, including persisting in complex methodologies of medical systems, multiple disciplinary cross and integrative studies, and the combination of experimental and clinical studies. The development of integrative medicine plays an important promoting role in developing modem medicine and traditional medicine.
Biomedical Research ; methods ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

With the development of high-throughput technologies, biomedical data has been increasing exponentially in an explosive manner. This brings enormous opportunities and challenges to biomedical researchers on how to effectively utilize big data. Big data is different from traditional data in many ways, described as 3Vs - volume, variety and velocity. From the perspective of biomedical research, here I introduced the characteristics of big data, such as its messiness, re-usage and openness. Focusing on microbiome research of meta-analysis, the author discussed the prospective principles in data collection, challenges of privacy protection in data management, and the scalable tools in data analysis with examples from real life.
Biomedical Research ; Confidentiality ; Data Collection ; methods ; Microbiota

OBJECTIVETo explore several numerical methods of ordinal variable in one-way ordinal contingency table and their interrelationship, and to compare corresponding statistical analysis methods such as Ridit analysis and rank sum test.

METHODSFormula deduction was based on five simplified grading approaches including rank_r(i), ridit_r(i), ridit_r(ci), ridit_r(mi), and table scores. Practical data set was verified by SAS8.2 in clinical practice (to test the effect of Shiwei solution in treatment for chronic tracheitis).

RESULTSBecause of the linear relationship of rank_r(i) = N ridit_r(i) + 1/2 = N ridit_r(ci) = (N + 1) ridit_r(mi), the exact chi2 values in Ridit analysis based on ridit_r(i), ridit_r(ci), and ridit_r(mi), were completely the same, and they were equivalent to the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Traditional Ridit analysis was based on ridit_r(i), and its corresponding chi2 value calculated with an approximate variance (1/12) was conservative. The exact chi2 test of Ridit analysis should be used when comparing multiple groups in the clinical researches because of its special merits such as distribution of mean ridit value on (0,1) and clear graph expression. The exact chi2 test of Ridit analysis can be output directly by proc freq of SAS8.2 with ridit and modridit option (SCORES =).

CONCLUSIONThe exact chi2 test of Ridit analysis is equivalent to the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and should be used when comparing multiple groups in the clinical researches.

A new optimized experimental designing method in biomedical engineering study is provided in this paper. The characteristic of the uniform design and orthogonal design was compared. Then, a new experimental design was proposed, which was the combined use of the two experimental designs. Discussed the theoretical basis, using method and its advantages. Furthermore, we proved the validity through our experiment. This method has the specificity of uniform design, fewer times of experiment and suit for experiment with multi-factors and multi-levels. This makes full use of the advantages of orhtogonal design which is widely used and can be analyzed by simple intuitionist analysis, avoids the disadvantages of uniform design in which data can only be processed by computer software. It can be widely used in the research and development of biomedicine engineering.
Biomedical Engineering ; methods ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Research Design

Through CNKI retrieval, 40 articles were selected from Medical Journals published between January 2003 and December 2011, and the study designs, intervention methods and conclusions of the articles were analyzed. It turned out that in the area of clinical research, the main usage of acupuncture was assist treatment of artificial abortion and drug-induced abortion: in artificial abortion, acupuncture can play a role in analgesia, artificial abortion syndrome relieving, and cervix dilating, while in the drug induced abortion, acupuncture can play a role in improving completed abortion rate, accelerating foetal sac release, decreasing side effects and regulating postoperative bleeding. In mechanism research, the effect of acupuncture on uterine tissue was revealed in terms of neuroendocrine. Although the certain role of acupuncture in assisting artificial abortion and drug-induced abortion has been confirmed in numerous clinical trials, its mechanism revealing was limited. The further study should focus on improving research method, acupuncture manipulation standardization and stimulation parameters optimization. What's more, the revealing of acupuncture's role in anti-early pregnancy should be emphasized to improve its effectiveness and scientificalness.
Abortion, Induced ; methods ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Biomedical Research ; Female ; Humans

The combination of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Delphi method can overcome the strong subjectivity and poor authority in the simple use of AHP, get rid of the shackles of established thinking and take fully advantages of the experiences of experts' knowledge. By a set of quantitative calculation method, we can determine the relative importance of each factor or the relative weight of the order value, thus providing the support for clinical decision making. In this article, on the basis of the combination of AHP and Delphi method, the authors explore the Chinese medicine etiology of coronary heart disease.
Biomedical Research ; Decision Support Techniques ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Software

Biomedical Research ; methods ; standards ; Disease ; etiology ; Humans ; Risk Factors

Bias ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Prospective Studies