1.Some discussion of remote education in the medicine
Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Information 1998;(1):7-11
It should have a new and correct perception in the biomedical application for hospitals. This was a close combination between the basic sciences to bring the applications in to the diagnosis and treatment. It should also have a detailed program of training the health staffs who are working in the biomedical profession in the provincial level. The program must be uniform both in the organization and medical equipment and laboratories while the education was a first step
Medicine
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Biomedical Enhancement
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education
2.Accuracy of various imaging methods for detecting misfit at the tooth-restoration interface in posterior teeth
Luciano Andrei FRANCIO ; Fernanda Evangelista SILVA ; Claudia Scigliano VALERIO ; Claudia Assunção e Alves CARDOSO ; Wellington Corrêa JANSEN ; Flávio Ricardo MANZI
Imaging Science in Dentistry 2018;48(2):87-95
PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate which of the following imaging methods best assessed misfit at the tooth-restoration interface: (1) bitewing radiographs, both conventional and digital, performed using a photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) and a charge-coupled device (CCD) system; (2) panoramic radiographs, both conventional and digital; and (3) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty healthy human molars with class I cavities were selected and divided into 4 groups according to the restoration that was applied: composite resin, composite resin with liner material to simulate misfit, dental amalgam, and dental amalgam with liner material to simulate misfit. Radiography and tomography were performed using the various imaging methods, and the resulting images were analyzed by 2 calibrated radiologists. The true presence or absence of misfit corresponding to an area of radiolucency in regions subjacent to the esthetic and metal restorations was validated with microscopy. The data were analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the scores were compared using the Cohen kappa coefficient. RESULTS: For bitewing images, the digital systems (CCD and PSP) showed a higher area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for the evaluation of resin restorations, while the conventional images exhibited a larger AUROC for the evaluation of amalgam restorations. Conventional and digital panoramic radiographs did not yield good results for the evaluation of resin and amalgam restorations (P < .05). CBCT images exhibited good results for resin restorations (P>.05), but showed no discriminatory ability for amalgam restorations (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Bitewing radiographs (conventional or digital) should be the method of choice when assessing dental restoration misfit.
Biomedical and Dental Materials
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Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
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Dental Amalgam
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Humans
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Methods
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Microscopy
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Molar
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Radiographic Image Enhancement
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Radiography
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ROC Curve
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Tooth
3.First results of the program for enhancement of the diagnosis and treatment quality of the hematological diseases.
Journal of Vietnamese Medicine 2002;269(2):1-6
From 2 years of program for diagnostic and treatment quality elevation to 4 main diseases of blood and hematopoiesis, consisting of acute leukemia (AL), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), aplastic anemia (AA) and hemophilia, we get some results. Firstly, we designed the basic feature of subtypes of AL, found out new subtypes, such as stem cell AL. which could not be detected by conventional techniques. Basing upon development of new techniques of bone marrow biopsy and immunological technique, we can diagnose exactly some difficult cases of hematopoiesis, such as aplastic anemia, myelodisplassia, bone marrow metastasia, multiple myeloma, smouldering AL. This takes an important part to elevate treatment quality of acute blood diseases in Vietnam. On treatment field, splenectomy can be effective for immunomodulation in patients, who display dis-balance of CD4/CD8 ratio.
Hematologic Diseases
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Genetic Enhancement
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Diagnostic
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Therapeutics
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Hematopoiesis
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Anemia, Aplastic
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Hemophilia A
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Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
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Leukemia
4.Construction and evaluation of a genetic engineered strain for biodesulfurization.
Huanjie LI ; Zhijian YU ; Xiaochao XIONG ; Yuguang LI ; Xin LI
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2008;24(12):2034-2040
We first cloned the dsz operon of Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8 into the expressing plasmid (pPR9TT) to construct the recombinant plasmid pPR-dsz, and then reintroduced it into strain R-8 to obtain a muti-copy dsz operon engineering strain R-8-1. Compared with the wild-type, strain R-8-1 showed a higher desulfurization activity for dibenzothiophene (DBT). Initial rates of DBT removal by strain R-8-1 were 6.25 micromol/g dry cell/h, about 2-fold higher than that for wild-type strain. The recombinant cells were also applied in the desulfurization of diesel. It resulted in a 68% reduction of total sulfur from 310.8 mg/L to 100.1 mg/L, whereas only 53% of sulfur was removed by strain R-8. The stability of pPR-dsz in strain R-8-1 was studied. The results revealed the first obtain a muti-copy dsz operon engineering strain are helpful for further development in biodesulfurization.
Bacterial Proteins
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genetics
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metabolism
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Biodegradation, Environmental
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Genetic Engineering
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Genetic Enhancement
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methods
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Operon
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Oxygenases
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genetics
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Protein Engineering
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methods
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Pseudomonas
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genetics
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metabolism
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Sulfur
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metabolism
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Thiophenes
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metabolism
5.Rapid improvement of lipase production in Penicillium expansum by genome shuffling.
Jun LIN ; Bi-Hong SHI ; Qiao-Qin SHI ; Yun-Xia HE ; Ming-Zi WANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2007;23(4):672-676
In the present study, the genome shuffling was used to improve lipase production of Penicillium expansum. A lipase producing mutant strain-Penicillium expansum FS8486 and a wild type of Aspergillus Tamarii FS-132 isolated from soil of a volcano in Xinjiang were used as the parental strains. After two rounds of genome shuffling, several elite daughter strains were screened. The lipase activity in one of the daughter strains was increased 317% over the starting strain FS8486. Comparisons of the morphology, RAPD (Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA) polymorphism and the fatty acid compositions between the daughter and the parental strains suggested that the filial generation were generated by genome shuffling. In this study, the genome shuffling used successfully first time in eukaryotic microorganism and increases the production of the desired metabolite in short time, the study will be useful to spread the genome shuffling in eukaryotic microbial breeding.
Aspergillus
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genetics
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DNA Shuffling
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methods
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Genetic Enhancement
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methods
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Genome, Fungal
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genetics
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Lipase
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biosynthesis
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genetics
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Penicillium
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enzymology
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genetics
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Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
6.Combination of biomaterial transplantation and genetic enhancement of intrinsic growth capacities to promote CNS axon regeneration after spinal cord injury.
Frontiers of Medicine 2019;13(2):131-137
The inhibitory environment that surrounds the lesion site and the lack of intrinsic regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) impede the regrowth of injured axons and thereby the reestablishment of neural circuits required for functional recovery after spinal cord injuries (SCI). To circumvent these barriers, biomaterial scaffolds are applied to bridge the lesion gaps for the regrowing axons to follow, and, often by combining stem cell transplantation, to enable the local environment in the growth-supportive direction. Manipulations, such as the modulation of PTEN/mTOR pathways, can also enhance intrinsic CNS axon regrowth after injury. Given the complex pathophysiology of SCI, combining biomaterial scaffolds and genetic manipulation may provide synergistic effects and promote maximal axonal regrowth. Future directions will primarily focus on the translatability of these approaches and promote therapeutic avenues toward the functional rehabilitation of patients with SCIs.
Animals
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Axons
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physiology
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Biocompatible Materials
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Genetic Enhancement
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methods
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Humans
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Nerve Regeneration
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PTEN Phosphohydrolase
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metabolism
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Recovery of Function
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Spinal Cord Injuries
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physiopathology
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Tissue Engineering
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methods
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Tissue Scaffolds
7.Immune Responses to Viral Infection.
Eung Soo HWANG ; Chung Gyu PARK ; Chang Yong CHA
Immune Network 2004;4(2):73-80
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites which cause infection by invading and replicating within cells. The immune system has mechanisms which can attack the virus in extracellular and intracellular phase of life cycle, and which involve both non-specific and specific effectors. The survival of viruses depends on the survival of their hosts, and therefore the immune system and viruses have evolved together. Immune responses to viral infection may be variable depending on the site of infection, the mechanism of cell-to-cell spread of virus, physiology of the host, host genetic variation, and environmental condition. Viral infection of cells directly stimulates the production of interferons and they induce antiviral state in the surrounding cells. Complement system is also involved in the elimination of viruses and establishes the first line of defence with other non-specific immunity. During the course of viral infection, antibody is most effective at an early stage, especially before the virus enters its target cells. The virus- specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes are the principal effector cells in clearing established viral infections. But many viruses have resistant mechanism to host immune responses in every step of viral infection to cells. Some viruses have immune evasion mechanism and establish latency or persistency indefinitely. Furthermore antibodies to some viruses can enhance the disease by the second infection. Immune responses to viral infection are very different from those to bacterial infection.
Antibodies
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Antibodies, Neutralizing
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Antibody-Dependent Enhancement
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Bacterial Infections
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Complement System Proteins
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Genetic Variation
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Immune Evasion
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Immune System
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Immunity, Innate
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Immunity, Mucosal
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Interferons
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Life Cycle Stages
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Parasites
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Physiology
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T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
8.Cotransplantation of Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Culture-Expanded and GM-CSF-/SCF-Transfected Mesenchymal Stem Cells in SCID Mice.
Jin Yeong HAN ; Rhee Young GOH ; Su Yeong SEO ; Tae Ho HWANG ; Hyuk Chan KWON ; Sung Hyun KIM ; Jae Seok KIM ; Hyo Jin KIM ; Young Ho LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2007;22(2):242-247
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent in nature and believed to facilitate the engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) when transplanted simultaneously in animal studies and even in human trials. In this study, we transfected culture-expanded MSC with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) cytokine genes and then cotransplanted with mononuclear cells (MNC) to further promote HSC engraftment. MNC were harvested from cord blood and seeded in long-term culture for ex vivo MSC expansion. A total of 1 x 10(7) MNC plus MSC/microliter were introduced to the tail vein of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice. After 6-8 weeks later, homing and engraftment of human cells were determined by flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies. The total nucleated cell count and the engraftment of CD45+/CD34+ cells and XX or XY positive human cells were significantly increased in cotransplanted mice and even higher with the cytokine gene-transfected MSC (GM-CSF>SCF, p<0.05) than in transplantation of MNC alone. These results suggest that MSC transfected with hematopoietic growth factor genes are capable of enhancing the hematopoietic engraftment. Delivering genes involved in homing and cell adhesions, CXCR4 or VLA, would further increase the efficiency of stem cell transplantation in the future.
Transfection/*methods
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Stem Cell Factor/genetics/*metabolism
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Mice, SCID
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Mice
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells/*metabolism
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods
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Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factors, Recombinant/*metabolism
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Graft Survival/*immunology
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Genetic Enhancement/methods
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Animals
9.Effect of overexpression of nicotinic acid phosphoribosyl transferase on succinic acid production in Escherichia coli NZN111.
Rongming LIU ; Jiangfeng MA ; Liya LIANG ; Bing XU ; Guangming WANG ; Min ZHANG ; Min JIANG
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2011;27(10):1438-1447
Escherichia coli strain NZN111 is a promising candidate for the fermentative production of succinate. However, because lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate formate lyase were inactivated in NZN111, this strain had an unbalanced NADH/NAD+ ratio and could not use glucose under anaerobic conditions. In this study, a recombinant strain E. coli NZN111/pTrc99a-pncB was constructed to overexpress the nicotinic acid phosphoribosyl transferase gene (pncB). Under anaerobic conditions with the addition of 0.5 mmol/L nicotinic acid and 0.3 mmol/L isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), the specific nicotinic acid phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRTase, EC 2.4.2.11) activity in the recombinant strain was 11-fold higher than that in E. coli NZN111, the concentration of NAD(H) was increased by 3.85-fold, especially the concentration of NAD+ was increased by 5.17-fold and NADH/NAD+ was decreased from 0.640 to 0.125. The recombinant strain regained the capability of growth and glucose utilization under anaerobic conditions.
Acetyltransferases
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genetics
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metabolism
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Anaerobiosis
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Escherichia coli
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classification
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genetics
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metabolism
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Fermentation
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Genetic Enhancement
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methods
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Glucose
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metabolism
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L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
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genetics
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metabolism
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NAD
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metabolism
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Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase
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biosynthesis
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genetics
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Succinic Acid
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metabolism
10.Immortalization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with telomerase reverse transcriptase and simian virus 40 large T antigen.
Chang BIAN ; Kui ZHAO ; Guo-xin TONG ; Yong-liang ZHU ; Peng CHEN
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 2005;6(7):631-636
OBJECTIVETo establish normally conditionally-immortalized human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by ectopic expression of the human telomerase catalytic enzyme (hTERT) and simian virus 40 large T (SV40 LT) antigen.
METHODSPrimary HUVECs were transfected with recombinant retrovirus containing hTERT or SV40 LT respectively. Subsequently drug resistant cell clones were screened and expanded for further studies. Endothelial cell biomarkers were confirmed by examination.
RESULTSThe morphological phenotype of the transfected cells was similar to the non-transfected cells. Von Willebrand factor, hTERT and SV40 LT could be detected in transfected HUVECs. Moreover, higher telomerase activity in transfected cells was maintained for over 50 population doublings compared with only low level of endogenous telomerase transiently at early population doublings in primary HUVECs. When exposed to TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), the expression of E-selectin in transfected cells was significantly up-regulated, but no alteration of endothelial lipase was found.
CONCLUSIONEctopic coexpression of hTERT and SV40 LT can effectively immortalize HUVECs without tumorigenicity in vitro. Immortalized HUVECs may be an ideal target of further molecular function studies.
Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Size ; Cell Survival ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Genetic Enhancement ; methods ; Humans ; Protein Engineering ; methods ; Recombinant Proteins ; metabolism ; Telomerase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Transfection ; methods ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; physiology