1.Effects of electroconvulsive shock on the levels of biogenic amines and their metabolits in rat brain.
Kyung Soo YOON ; Kyung Eun LEE ; Young Soo AHN ; Ho Young LEE
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 1991;30(4):671-685
No abstract available.
Animals
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Biogenic Amines*
;
Brain*
;
Electroshock*
;
Rats*
2.Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase Gene Polymorphism and Treatment Response to Clozapine in Refractory Schizophrenia.
Kyu Young LEE ; Eun Jeong JOO ; Yong Min AHN ; So Jin MAENG ; Yong Sik KIM
Korean Journal of Psychopharmacology 2005;16(1):52-59
OBJECTIVE: Disturbances in the biogenic amine pathways have been hypothesized to be the biochemical basis of schizophrenia. Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene is an important candidate gene due to its function to metabolically inactivating these amines. We investigated the association between 472 G/A (158val/met) and -287 A/G polymorphisms of COMT gene with response to clozapine treatment in refractory schizophrenia. METHODS: One hundred twenty patients of refractory schizophrenia, who were treated with clozapine longer than six months, were participated in this study. We evaluated treatment response on the basis of the difference of re-hospitalization frequency and hospitalization duration before and after the first clozapine administration day. Genotyping of the 472 G/A and -287 A/G polymorphisms was performed by SNapShot method. RESULTS: In 472 G/A polymor-phism, there were no significant differences of the re-hospitalization frequency and the hospitalization duration between the A (-) group and A (+) group, and also no differences among GG, GA, and AA groups. In -287 A/G polymorphism, there were no significant differences between G (-) group and G (+) group. However, we observed significant differences in the re-hospitalization frequency (F=4.38, p=0.015) and in the hospitalization duration (F=3.90, p=0.024) among three genotype groups. CONCLUSION: We found that the treatment response to clozapine was not associated with COMT 472 G/A polymorphism but was positively associated with -287 A/G polymorphism in refractory schizophrenia. However, This association is not strong enough to conclude the association between -287 A/G polymorphism in COMT gene and clozapine response. Further studies with a large sample are required to verify this positive finding more clearly.
Amines
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Biogenic Amines
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Clozapine*
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Genotype
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Hospitalization
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Humans
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Schizophrenia*
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Transferases*
3.A Case of Corrosive Gastritis Caused by Salt-fermented Northern Sand Lance.
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2011;42(6):366-368
We experienced a case of an 18-year-old woman who ingested salt-fermented northern sand lance and developed corrosive gastritis. The patient underwent a esophagogastroscopy and had developed a deep ulceration in the antrum. This cases shows that salt-fermented northern sand lance, which is very acidic and includes various biogenic amines, has the possibility of inducing a corrosive injury to the stomach.
Adolescent
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Biogenic Amines
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Female
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Gastritis
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Humans
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Silicon Dioxide
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Stomach
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Ulcer
4.Expression and characterization of a multicopper oxidase from Lactobacillus fermentum.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2019;35(7):1286-1294
Biogenic amines (BAs) are low molecular weight organic compounds that present in fermented foods. Large amount of ingested biogenic amines can cause allergy or significant symptoms. Reduction of BAs by enzymatic reaction in fermented foods is one of the most efficient methods for removal of biohazard compounds and assurance food safety. In this study, the multicopper oxidase (MCO) gene in the genome of Lactobacillus fermentum was successfully cloned in Escherichia coli BL21 and expressed at 484 U/L. The recombinant MCO was purified by the immobilized metal affinity chromatography method. The optimal reaction temperature and pH for this enzyme was detected to be 50 °C and 3.5. The Km and Vmax values of the recombinant MCO was determined to be 1.30 mmol/L and 7.67×10⁻² mmol/(L·min). Moreover, this MCO dramatically degrades histamine and tyramine by 51.6% and 40.9%, and can degrade other BAs including tryptamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine, and was found to be tolerant to 18% (W/V) NaCl. The recombinant MCO is also capable of degrading BAs in soy sauce. The degradation rate of total BAs in soy sauce reaches 10.6% though a relatively low level of enzyme (500 U/L) is used. Multicopper oxidase has the potential to degrade biogenic amines in fermented foods, which lays a foundation for the further application of this kind of food enzymes.
Biogenic Amines
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Cadaverine
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Escherichia coli
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Lactobacillus fermentum
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Oxidoreductases
5.Fusion expression with catalase improves the stability of multicopper oxidase and its efficiency in degrading biogenic amines.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2021;37(12):4382-4394
Some enzymes belonging to the multicopper oxidase (MCO) family can degrade the hazardous biogenic amine (BA) present in food. However, the oxidation of MCO in the process of degrading BAs may reduce its activity and stability, resulting in decreased catalytic efficiency. In this work, an MCO from Lactobacillus fermentum (MCOF) was fused with a Bacillus subtilis catalase (CAT) using different strategies and the fusion enzymes were respectively expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The tolerance of eight fused MCOFs to H2O2 increased by 51%-68%, and the stability of CAT&MCOF increased by 17%, compared to the wild type MCOF. Using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) as a substrate, the substrate affinity (Km), the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) and the molar specific activity of CAT&MCOF increased by 1.0-fold, 1.7-fold and 1.2-fold than those of MCOF, respectively. The stability of CAT&MCOF under acidic conditions (pH 2.5-4.5) and moderate temperatures (35-55 °C) also improved. Moreover, the degradation rates of putrescine, cadaverine and histamine catalyzed by CAT&MCOF reached 31.7%, 36.0% and 57.8%, respectively, which increased by 132.5%, 45.7% and 38.9% compared to that of MCOF. The improvement on the stability and catalytic efficiency of MCOF by fusion expression with CAT provides a good example for improving the applicability of enzymes through molecular modifications.
Biogenic Amines
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Cadaverine
;
Catalase/genetics*
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Escherichia coli/genetics*
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Hydrogen Peroxide
6.Suppression of MicroRNA let-7a Expression by Agmatine Regulates Neural Stem Cell Differentiation.
Juhyun SONG ; Yumi OH ; Jong Youl KIM ; Kyoung Joo CHO ; Jong Eun LEE
Yonsei Medical Journal 2016;57(6):1461-1467
PURPOSE: Neural stem cells (NSCs) effectively reverse some severe central nervous system (CNS) disorders, due to their ability to differentiate into neurons. Agmatine, a biogenic amine, has cellular protective effects and contributes to cellular proliferation and differentiation in the CNS. Recent studies have elucidated the function of microRNA let-7a (let-7a) as a regulator of cell differentiation with roles in regulating genes associated with CNS neurogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study aimed to investigate whether agmatine modulates the expression of crucial regulators of NSC differentiation including DCX, TLX, c-Myc, and ERK by controlling let-7a expression. RESULTS: Our data suggest that high levels of let-7a promoted the expression of TLX and c-Myc, as well as repressed DCX and ERK expression. In addition, agmatine attenuated expression of TLX and increased expression of ERK by negatively regulating let-7a. CONCLUSION: Our study therefore enhances the present understanding of the therapeutic potential of NSCs in CNS disorders.
Agmatine*
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Biogenic Amines
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Cell Differentiation
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Cell Proliferation
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Central Nervous System
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MicroRNAs*
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Neural Stem Cells*
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Neurogenesis
;
Neurons
7.Suppression of MicroRNA let-7a Expression by Agmatine Regulates Neural Stem Cell Differentiation.
Juhyun SONG ; Yumi OH ; Jong Youl KIM ; Kyoung Joo CHO ; Jong Eun LEE
Yonsei Medical Journal 2016;57(6):1461-1467
PURPOSE: Neural stem cells (NSCs) effectively reverse some severe central nervous system (CNS) disorders, due to their ability to differentiate into neurons. Agmatine, a biogenic amine, has cellular protective effects and contributes to cellular proliferation and differentiation in the CNS. Recent studies have elucidated the function of microRNA let-7a (let-7a) as a regulator of cell differentiation with roles in regulating genes associated with CNS neurogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study aimed to investigate whether agmatine modulates the expression of crucial regulators of NSC differentiation including DCX, TLX, c-Myc, and ERK by controlling let-7a expression. RESULTS: Our data suggest that high levels of let-7a promoted the expression of TLX and c-Myc, as well as repressed DCX and ERK expression. In addition, agmatine attenuated expression of TLX and increased expression of ERK by negatively regulating let-7a. CONCLUSION: Our study therefore enhances the present understanding of the therapeutic potential of NSCs in CNS disorders.
Agmatine*
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Biogenic Amines
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Cell Differentiation
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Cell Proliferation
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Central Nervous System
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MicroRNAs*
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Neural Stem Cells*
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Neurogenesis
;
Neurons
8.Research progress on the immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of trace amine-associated receptor 1.
Xian-Qiang ZHANG ; Ji-Tao LI ; Tian-Mei SI ; Yun-Ai SU
Acta Physiologica Sinica 2023;75(2):248-254
Trace amines are endogenous molecules distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues that resemble common biogenic amines in terms of subcellular localization, chemical structure, and metabolism. Trace amine-associated receptor (TAAR) is a kind of evolutionarily conserved G-protein-coupled receptors in vertebrates, in which TAAR1 is a functional regulator of monoamine transmitters such as dopamine and serotonin. TAAR1 is widely considered as a potential therapeutic target for schizophrenia, depression and drug addiction. Moreover, TAAR1 is also expressed in peripheral tissues. The homeostasis imbalance of trace aminergic system can induce over-activation of peripheral immune system and central immune inflammatory response. TAAR1 modulators are becoming potential emerging drugs for the treatment of immune-related illnesses, because they may play a major role in the activation or modulation of immune response.
Animals
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Humans
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Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism*
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Biogenic Amines
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Dopamine
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Substance-Related Disorders
9.Comparison of High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Determination of Total Homocysteine in Human Plasma.
Moon Soo KANG ; Jong Weon CHOI ; Chung Hyun NAHM ; Jong Wook LEE ; Chul Hoon LEE ; Jin Ju KIM ; Soo Hwan PAI
Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology 1999;19(5):510-515
BACKGROUND: It was purposed to estimate correlation between fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and precision of individual methods. It was also objected to describe distribution of plasma total homocysteine in Korean adults. METHODS: The subjects were 100 adults admitted to Inha University Hospital during the month of October, 1998. The total plasma homocysteine concentration was measured by FPIA (IMx analyzer, Abbott Laboratories, IL, USA) and by HPLC (ACCLAIM Biogenic Amines Testing System, Bio-Rad Laboratories, CA, USA) using Bio-Rad Homocysteine. RESULTS: Plasma homocysteine levels (mean+/-SD) from Korean healthy adults by FPIA and HPLC were 9.75+/-3.80micromol/L, 7.72+/-3.36micromol/L, respectively. Plasma homocysteine levels according to sex by FPIA were 11.79micromol/L for male, 7.71micromol/L for female, and those by HPLC were 9.47micro mol/L for male, 5.98micromol/L for female, respectively. Intra-assay coefficient variations (CVs) of low, medium, and high concentration by FPIA are 1.83%, 0.47%, and 1.66%, and those by HPLC are 5.53%, 5.37%, and 4.56%, respectively. Inter-assay CVs of low, medium, and high concentration by FPIA are 2.28%, 1.44%, and 1.29%, and by HPLC are 7.23%, 5.54%, and 4.95%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Plasma homocysteine levels from male were significantly higher than female in Korean. Plasma homocysteine levels were increased according to increment of age. FPIA was more convenient, automatic, rapid, and reproducible than HPLC and also excellently correlated with HPLC. It is concluded that FPIA will potentially benefit for quantifying homocysteine in clinical laboratories.
Adult
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Biogenic Amines
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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Chromatography, Liquid*
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Female
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Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay*
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Fluorescence Polarization*
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Fluorescence*
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Homocysteine*
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Humans*
;
Male
;
Plasma*
10.Effect of Different Cooking Methods on Histamine Levels in Selected Foods.
Bo Young CHUNG ; Sook Young PARK ; Yun Sun BYUN ; Jee Hee SON ; Yong Won CHOI ; Yong Se CHO ; Hye One KIM ; Chun Wook PARK
Annals of Dermatology 2017;29(6):706-714
BACKGROUND: Histamine in food is known to cause food poisoning and allergic reactions. We usually ingest histamine in cooked food, but there are few studies about the influence of cooking method on the histamine level. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of cooking methods on the concentration of histamine in foods. METHODS: The foods chosen were those kinds consumed frequently and cooked by grilling, boiling, and frying. The histamine level of the food was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Grilled seafood had higher histamine levels than raw or boiled seafood. For meat, grilling increased the histamine level, whereas boiling decreased it. For eggs, there was not much difference in histamine level according to cooking method. Fried vegetables had higher histamine levels than raw vegetables. And fermented foods didn't show much difference in histamine level after being boiled. CONCLUSION: The histamine level in food has changed according to the cooking method used to prepare it. Frying and grilling increased histamine level in foods, whereas boiling had little influence or even decreased it. The boiling method might be helpful to control the effect of histamine in histamine-sensitive or susceptible patients, compared with frying and grilling.
Biogenic Amines
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Cooking*
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Eggs
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Foodborne Diseases
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Histamine*
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Humans
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Hypersensitivity
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Meat
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Methods*
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Ovum
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Seafood
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Vegetables