Objective To learn the effect of breast removal of polyacrylamide hydrogel by areola incision;and to provide an effective method for removal of polyacrylamide hydrogel.Methods According to the accepted operation,45 cases with breast polyacrylamide hydrogel were divided into 25 cases of observation group and 20 cases of control group.The observation group was treated with areola medial semicircular incision breast removal of polyac-rylamide hydrogel,and the control group was treated with areola small incision suction to remove polyacrylamide hydrogel.The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage tube extraction time,postoperative 7d breast shape and perioperative complications of the two groups were observed;postoperative follow -up was performed to evaluate the effect of surgery.Results The operation time of the observation group (190.2 ±36.1)min was longer than (119.5 ±44.0)min of the control group,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t =5.924,P <0.05);the intraoperative blood loss of the observation group (250.4 ±23.9)mL was higher than (89.7 ± 30.4)mL of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =19.865,P <0.05 ).The difference between postoperative 7d breast normal morphology rates of the two groups was not statistically significant (χ2 =2.571,P >0.05);the postoperative drainage tube extraction time of the observation group (3.7 ±0.5)d was more than (2.3 ±0.3)d of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =11.021,P <0.05 ).The complication rate of the observation group was 12.0%(3 /25),which of the control group was 10.0%(2 /20),the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =0.045,P >0.05).All cases of the two groups were followed up;the mean follow -up time was (6.7 ±2.1)months.The good rate of surgery of the observation group was 92.0 % (23 /25),which of the control group was 70.0%(14 /20),the observation group was higher than the control group (χ2 =5.718,P <0.05).Conclusion For patients with complications after polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for augmentation mammoplasty;the breast polyacrylamide hydrogel removal surgery by areola medial semicircular incision is recommen-ded as the preferred.

Objective: To study the anatomical morphology of the platysma muscle of the lower face, so as to provide anatomical basis for the treatment of facial laxity by injection of botulinum toxin type A. To explore the safe injection site of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of facial relaxation, and to explore the effect of botulinum toxin type A. Methods: ① Extensively dissect and analysis of 30 hemi-faces in 15 cadavers . Exposed the platysma muscle of the lower face, and measured the width of the platysma muscle, the extension angle in face, and coverage of the face. Then use SPSS 22.0 software to statistical analysis. ②Analysis clinical data of the treatment of facial laxity patients using botulinum toxin type A from August 2015 to October, 2017.Inject botulinum toxin type A to the platysma muscle of the lower face. Standardized photograph patients before and after injection. Use Photoshop CC to measure the facial ascension and the mandibular margin ascending angle before and after treatment. Use SPSS 22.0 software to statistical analysis the measured data before and after treatment. Results: ①According to the direction of the platysma muscle, the direction of posterior muscle bundle can be divided into straight, straight-curved and curved three categories, accounting for 36.7%, 50.0% and 13.3% respectively, and in all cases, it covered the mandibular angle. The distribution of the high peak of the posterior muscle beam in the platysma muscle was statistically significant, indicating that the structure and distribution of the platysma muscle varied greatly, whereas the broad of muscle is stable and the distribution table was shallow. ② Injected botulinum toxin type A in designed site of platysma muscle, and used the " ring diameter rule" to measure the data of the lower part before and after injection. Then compared data from two groups and check whether the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. It is the indicator that the treatment was effective. Conclusions ①The platysma muscle is thin and the thickness of the muscle is thin, and the morphological distribution varied greatly, so the platysma muscle injection site is pressed against the lower jaw. You should try to be shallow during injection. ②The treatment of the following contour morphology was improved by the botulinum toxin type A injection and the therapeutic effect was positive.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect and complications of different surgical incision in the treatment of bromhidrosis and to explore the best surgical method.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 352 patients with bromhidrosis from January 2011 to May 2017 and observed the long-term effects of different surgical methods.One surgical methods was apocrine pruning through the micro linear incision,another was apocrine pruning through the micro spindle incision.Then observation data was statistically analyzed.Results 190 cases were treated with micro linear incision method.The median incision healing time was 11.6d,healing time was 11.2-±0.6d,the incision of 170 cases were primary healed,primary healing rate was 89.5％.188 cases were cured for the long-term curative effect(98.9％),2 cases were markedly improved (1.1％).162 cases were treated with micro spindle incision method.The median incision healing time was 18.5d,healing time was 18.3 ± 0.4d,the incision of 125 cases were primary healed,primary healing rate was 77.2％,158 cases were cured for the long-term curative effect(97.5％),4 cases were markedly improved (2.5％).Apocrine sweat glands pruning through the micro linear incision and the micro spindle incision both can achieve good effect.The curative effect has no statistical difference.Whereas after the operation that apocrine sweat glands pruning through the micro linear incision,the wound healed faster,the rate of primary healing is higher,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion It is the preferred surgical method of apocrine sweat glands pruning through the micro linear incision for the treatment of bromhidrosis.