Objective To investigate the effect of Supplementing Qi and activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy on the function and quality of life in patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc after operation.Methods92 cases of lumbar disc herniation treated in Fuyang Hangzhou Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine hospital from November 2015 to October 2016 were selected,divided into observation group and control group, there were 46 cases in each group, the observation group were treated with Supplementing Qi and activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy,the control group were given conventional western medicine treatment, the improvement of VAS score, JOA score and WHQOL-BREF score were compared between the two groups after treatment, and the clinical effects were compared between the two groups after treatment and the incidence of adverse reaction.ResultsAfter treatment,the VAS scores of the two groups were decreased, the observation group (1.85±0.43) is lower than the control group (2.97±0.69), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);After treatment, patients withthe JOA scores of the two groups were increased, the observation group (25.78±5.89) higher than the control group (20.45±4.82), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);After treatment, the total efficiency of observation group was 93.48% higher than 76.09% in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in WHOQOL-BREF scores between the two groups before treatment;After treatment, the WHOQOL-BREF scores of the two groups were increased, the observation group was higher than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups after treatment.ConclusionThe patients with lumbar disc herniation after operation to give Supplementing Qi and activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy,can effectively helpe patients to recover, improve the pain of patients, improve the patient's functional activities and quality of life, the effect is significant.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and pattern of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in Shanghai through a community-based survey. Methods A cluster sampling survey was done among the residents in Beixinjing Community, Changning District, Shanghai. All the subjects were asked to fill a questionnaire to provide their general information, including sex, age, native place, physical status, life habit, family history, etc. The diagnosis of AGA was made by dermatologists. To determine the pattern of hair loss,Norwood-Hamilton classification system and Ludwig classification system were used for male AGA and female AGA, respectively. All the data were statistically analyzed by EpiData and SPSS11.5 software. Results Totally, 7056 subjects completed the questionnaire, including 3519 males and 3537 females, and the response rate was 72.5%. AGA was diagnosed in 809 patients, consisting of 701 males aging from 19 to 91 years (mean 64.16±11.9 years) and 108 females aging from 35 to 91 years (mean 70.46±18.89 years). The standardized prevalence (SP) was 9.47% in total, 15.73% in males and 2.73% in females; the difference was significant between males and females (χ2=356.00, P<0.001). A family history of AGA was observed in 52.7% of all subjects including 391 (55.78%) males and 35 (32.41%) females. Type Ⅲ vertex involvement was the most common type in men aging from 20 to 70 years old, and type Ⅵ in those over 70 years old. Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ predominated in female AGA. Conclusions The results of this survey indicate that the prevalence of AGA is remarkably higher in men than that in women. Furthermore, the prevalence is steadily increased with advancing age in Shanghai.

OBJECTIVETo improve the occupational health management levels in electroplating enterprises with quantitative classification measures and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of occupational hazards in electroplating enterprises and the protection of workers' health.

METHODSA quantitative classification table was created for the occupational health management in electroplating enterprises. The evaluation indicators included 6 items and 27 sub-items, with a total score of 100 points. Forty electroplating enterprises were selected and scored according to the quantitative classification table. These electroplating enterprises were classified into grades A, B, and C based on the scores.

RESULTSAmong 40 electroplating enterprises, 11 (27.5%) had scores of >85 points (grade A), 23 (57.5%) had scores of 60∼85 points (grade B), and 6 (15.0%) had scores of <60 points (grade C).

CONCLUSIONQuantitative classification management for electroplating enterprises is a valuable attempt, which is helpful for the supervision and management by the health department and provides an effective method for the self-management of enterprises.

Background Bromadiolone is the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide widely used all over the world. Exposure to bromadiolone in early life stage can lead to neurodevelopmental toxicity, but its toxic mechanism of neurodevelopment is not clear so far. Objective To investigate the developmental neurotoxicity and mechanism of bromadiolone to zebrafish embryos. Methods Zebrafish embryos were randomly divided into four groups: a solvent control group (dimethylsulphoxide) and three bromadiolone exposure groups (0.39, 0.78, and 1.18 mg·L⁻¹). The exposure period was from 4 h to 120 h post-fertilization. The number of spontaneous movement per minute was recorded at 24 h post-treatment. The locomotor ability of zebrafish larvae and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were tested at 120 h post-treatment. The relative expression levels of neurodevelopment-related genes (elavl3, gap43, mbp, and syn2a) were measured by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the number of spontaneous movement per minute at 24 h decreased significantly in the 1.18 mg·L⁻¹ bromadiolone exposure group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the total distance travelled of the zebrafish larvae in the 0.78 and 1.18 mg·L⁻¹ bromadiolone exposure groups decreased by 60% and 69% respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the total movement time decreased by 34% and 65% respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01). The AChE activity in the 1.18 mg·L⁻¹ bromadiolone exposure group increased by 36% when compared with the control group (P<0.05). The fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of neurodevelopment-related genes elavl3, syn2a, and mbp were significantly down-regulated by 66%, 69%, and 65% in the 1.18 mg·L⁻¹ bromadiolone exposure group respectively (P<0.01), the expression level of gap43 was up-regulated by 56% in the 0.78 mg·L⁻¹ bromadiolone exposure group (P<0.01) and down-regulated by 34% in the 1.18 mg·L⁻¹ bromadiolone exposure group (P<0.05). Conclusion Bromadiolone exposure could inhibit spontaneous movement and locomotive behavior, down-regulate the expression levels of neurodevelopment-related genes, hinder the release of neurotransmitters, and result in neurodevelopmental toxicity in the early-staged zebrafish.

ObjectiveTo investigate the possible mechanism by which Zhiqiao Gancao Decoction （枳壳甘草汤， ZGD） delays intervertebral disc degeneration （IDD） based on the Hippo-yes-associated protein （YAP）/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif （TAZ） signaling pathway. MethodsA total of 50 SD rats were randomly divided into sham surgery group， model group， low-dose ZGD group， high-dose ZGD group， and high-dose ZGD + inhibitor group， with 10 rats in each group. In the sham surgery group， the rats were pierced in the skin and muscle at the Co6/7/8 segments of the tail with a 21G needle （depth approximately 2 mm） without damaging the intervertebral disc. In the other groups， rats were injected with a 21G needle at the Co6/7/8 segments of the tail to establish an IDD model by piercing the tail intervertebral disc 5 mm. One week after modeling， rats in the low-dose and high-dose ZGD groups were given 6.24 and 12.24 g/（kg·d） of the decoction via gastric gavage， respectively. The high-dose ZGD + inhibitor group was given 12.24 g/（kg·d） of the decoction and an intraperitoneal injection of YAP/TAZ inhibitor Verteporfin 10 mg/kg. The sham surgery and model groups were given 5 ml/（kg·d） of normal saline via gavage. The gavage was given once a day， and the intraperitoneal injection was given every other day. After 4 weeks of continuous intervention， the pathological changes of the tail intervertebral discs were observed using HE staining， Oil Red O-Green staining， and Toluidine Blue staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of aggrecan and MMP3 in the nucleus pulposus. TUNEL fluorescence staining was performed to detect apoptosis in the nucleus pulposus， and the apoptosis rate was calculated. Western blot was used to detect the Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway， including YAP， phosphorylated YAP （p-YAP）， phosphorylated MST1/2 （p-MST1/2）， phosphorylated TAZ （p-TAZ） and apoptosis-related proteins， such as Cleaved Caspase 3， P53， Bcl-2 and Bax. ResultsCompared with sham surgery group， the rats in the model group showed significant degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc. The levels of aggrecan， Bcl-2， and YAP proteins in the nucleus pulposus decreased， while the levels of p-MST1/2， p-YAP， p-TAZ， P53， Bax， Cleaved Caspase 3， MMP3 proteins， and the apoptosis rate increased （P < 0.01）. Compared with the model group， the drug intervention groups showed partial recovery in intervertebral disc degeneration. The levels of aggrecan， Bcl-2， and YAP proteins increased， while the levels of p-MST1/2， p-YAP， p-TAZ， P53， Bax， Cleaved Caspase 3， MMP3 proteins， and the apoptosis rate decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The high-dose ZGD group showed more significant recovery in intervertebral disc degeneration compared to the low-dose ZGD group， with a decrease in the levels of p-MST1/2， p-YAP， p-TAZ， P53， Bax， Cleaved Caspase 3， MMP3 proteins， and apoptosis rate， and an increase in the levels of aggrecan， Bcl-2， and YAP proteins （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with the high-dose ZGD group， the high-dose ZGD + inhibitor group showed a reduced recovery in intervertebral disc degeneration， with an increase in the levels of p-MST1/2， p-YAP， p-TAZ， P53， Bax， Cleaved Caspase 3， MMP3 proteins， and apoptosis rate， and a decrease in the levels of aggrecan， Bcl-2， and YAP proteins （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. ConclusionZGD may delay intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the phosphorylation of YAP in the nucleus pulposus， maintaining the function of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway， and reducing apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells.

Pharmaceutical analysis is a discipline based on chemical, physical, biological, and information technologies. At present, biotechnological analysis is a short branch in pharmaceutical analysis; however, bioanalysis is the basis and an important part of medicine. Biotechnological approaches can provide information on biological activity and even clinical efficacy and safety, which are important characteristics of drug quality. Because of their advantages in reflecting the overall biological effects or functions of drugs and providing visual and intuitive results, some biotechnological analysis methods have been gradually applied to pharmaceutical analysis from raw material to manufacturing and final product analysis, including DNA super-barcoding, DNA-based rapid detection, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, hyperspectral imaging combined with artificial intelligence, 3D biologically printed organoids, omics-based artificial intelligence, microfluidic chips, organ-on-a-chip, signal transduction pathway-related reporter gene assays, and the zebrafish thrombosis model. The applications of these emerging biotechniques in pharmaceutical analysis have been discussed in this review.