AIM: To study factors affecting the stability of nylon monofilament for intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.METHODS:Successful rates and infarct volume of ischemic model were compared by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coated and silicon coated nylon monofilament intraluminal occlusion of middle cerebral artery under condition of ligation and without ligation of peterygopalatine artery.RESULTS:The successful rates were 60% and 53% in two groups under condition of ligation of peterygopalatine artery, and 20% and 27% in other two groups under condition of without ligation of peterygopalatine artery respectively. The intracranial length of nylon monofilament were about 7 mm in successful model and 4 mm in failure model. Animals in the PVA coated nylon monofilament group showed neurological dificit signs earlier, and had a significantly larger infarct volume at 12 hours of ischemia than those in the silicon coated group.CONCLUSIONS:The ligation of peterygopalatine artery is critical in the success of making this kind of ischemic model. The appropriate position of nylon monofilament entering crania and the good expansibility of PVA play an important role in occlusion of blood flow. Because of the relatively lower successful rate, a new substitute with unique quality, proper hardness and better elasticity needs to be explored in the future.

Objective? To explore the disinfection effects of Cavi wipes and chlorine containing disinfectant on object surface touched frequently among multidrug resistance infection patients in intensive care unit. Methods? We selected 40 multidrug resistance infection patients with mechanical ventilation in general intensive care unit (GICU) and respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) at Liangxiang Hospital in Fangshan District from June 2016 to May 2018 by convenience sampling. All of the patients were randomly divided into control group (object surface disinfection by 500 mg/L chlorine containing disinfectant) and experimental group (object surface disinfection by Cavi wipes). We carried out sampling and bacterial culture in object surface touched by patients frequently both groups (right bed handrail, ventilator panel parameter key and infusion pump on/off key) before, 5 minutes, 6 hours and 8 hours after disinfection and monitored the target drug-resistance bacteria. Results? Before disinfection, there were no statistical differences in the bacterial culture results of object surface touched frequently in patients between two groups (P＞ 0.05). After disinfection, the bacterial colony counting of object surface touched frequently in patients between two groups was lower than that before with statistical differences (P＜0.01). The colony counting 8 hours after disinfection of experimental group were lower than those of control group with statistical differences (P＜0.05). Conclusions? Cavi wipes and 500 mg/L chlorine containing disinfectant all have good disinfection effects. Disinfection effects of Cavi wipes in bed and other object surface touched frequently are better than those of chlorine containing disinfectant which is convenient and is worthy of being widely used in clinical application.

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) is a primary headache syndrome with an unclear pathogenesis. However, there is increasing evidence in the literature for secondary SUNCT being attributable to certain known lesions. We explored the possible neurobiological mechanism underlying SUNCT based on all reported cases of secondary SUNCT for which detailed information is available. Here we report a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders that had typical symptoms of SUNCT that might have been attributable to involvement of the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. We also review cases of secondary SUNCT reported in the English-language literature and analyze them for demographic characteristics, clinical features, response to treatment, and imaging findings. The literature review shows that secondary SUNCT can derive from a neoplasm, vascular disease, trauma, infection, inflammation, or congenital malformation. The pons with involvement of the trigeminal root entry zone was the most commonly affected region for inducing secondary SUNCT. In conclusion, the neurobiology of secondary SUNCT includes structures such as the nucleus and the trigeminal nerve with its branches, suggesting that some cases of primary SUNCT have underlying mechanisms that are related to existing focal damage that cannot be visualized.
Headache Disorders ; Headache* ; Inflammation ; Neurobiology ; Neuromyelitis Optica ; Pons ; Tears* ; Trigeminal Nerve ; Vascular Neoplasms

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy caused by SEPT9 gene mutation in a family to promote understanding this disease.Methods:The clinical manifestations, examination, imaging and electrophysiology of a family with hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy diagnosed by gene testing in the 960th Hospital of People′s Liberation Army in August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The age of the onset ranged from children to middle-aged. The parent-child couples demonstrated the existence of marked anticipation, with earlier age of onset in successive generations. Male and female were involved. The forearm had circular skin creases at a young age. The sudden upper limb pain and weakness were first symptoms, the distal upper limb muscle weakness was more obvious than the proximal, and the wrist was saggy. The course was described as relapsing-remitting, and there were sufficient laxity of the skin and generalized muscle wasting. The cerebrospinal fluid examination and magnetic resonance examination of brachial plexus nerve were normal. The electrophysiology was limited to the peripheral nerve damage of the double upper limbs.Conclusions:Relapsing-remitting focal brachial plexus pain and weakness are the main manifestations of hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy, and the laxity of the skin and generalized thin muscle appear on sequel stage of the clinical repeated attack. The electrophysiological lesion is limited to brachial plexus nerve.