Objective To explore associated factors of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods A total of 161 ICH patients were detected by 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging.Patients were divided into different groups according to ICH location (58 cases with lobar ICH,103 cases with non-lobar ICH).Results Eighty-eight (55％) patients hadCMBs at ICH onset,and 76 (47％) had CMBs during follow-up.Predictors of incident CMBs were ≥ 1 CMBs at ICH onset and old radiological macrohemorrhage.In the patients with nonlobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with lacunar state and antiplatelet drug use.In patients with lobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with large brain hemorrhage showed by imaging display.Conclusion The prognosis and related factors of CMBs are different according to the location of hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the association between with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH),particularly in elderly patients with previous ICH.So we investigated whether statin use is associated with increased prevalence of microbleeding (MB),particularly cortico-subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Methods The data of 163 cerebral hemorrhage patients with MRI examination within 30 d of onset.The patients were divided into cortical,subcortical microbleeding (csMB) and microbleeding (oMB) locations,and the location and number of microbleed were compared,and patients were divided into groups according to whether statins were used,whether there was microbleeds (MB),cortical or subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Results There were 64％ patients with lobar ICH,53％ with microbleed and 39％ with csMB.The application of statin had lower cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels,and patients with statin had higher incidence rate of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,and antiplatelet disease.The number of oMB in patients with statin and without statin were similar,and statin-treated patients had more csMB (57％ vs.33％,P =0.007),with almost twice of patients without statin treatment (4.6 +2.7 vs.2.4 + 1.8;P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate factor analysis showed that age and statin use were independently risk factorsforMB(OR=l.03;95％ CI:1.00～1.05;P=0.01,0R=2.72;95％ CI:1.02～7.22;P =0.04,respectively) and csMB (OR =1.03;95％ CI:1.00 ～ 1.06;P =0.01 and OR =4.15;95％ CI:1.54 ～ 11.20,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Statin use in patients with ICH is independently associated with MB,especially csMB.Future studies are needed to confirm our findings and to investigate whether csMB can serve as a marker for ICH risk in statin-treated patients.

Objective To explore associated factors of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods A total of 161 ICH patients were detected by 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging.Patients were divided into different groups according to ICH location (58 cases with lobar ICH,103 cases with non-lobar ICH).Results Eighty-eight (55％) patients hadCMBs at ICH onset,and 76 (47％) had CMBs during follow-up.Predictors of incident CMBs were ≥ 1 CMBs at ICH onset and old radiological macrohemorrhage.In the patients with nonlobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with lacunar state and antiplatelet drug use.In patients with lobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with large brain hemorrhage showed by imaging display.Conclusion The prognosis and related factors of CMBs are different according to the location of hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the association between with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH),particularly in elderly patients with previous ICH.So we investigated whether statin use is associated with increased prevalence of microbleeding (MB),particularly cortico-subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Methods The data of 163 cerebral hemorrhage patients with MRI examination within 30 d of onset.The patients were divided into cortical,subcortical microbleeding (csMB) and microbleeding (oMB) locations,and the location and number of microbleed were compared,and patients were divided into groups according to whether statins were used,whether there was microbleeds (MB),cortical or subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Results There were 64％ patients with lobar ICH,53％ with microbleed and 39％ with csMB.The application of statin had lower cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels,and patients with statin had higher incidence rate of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,and antiplatelet disease.The number of oMB in patients with statin and without statin were similar,and statin-treated patients had more csMB (57％ vs.33％,P =0.007),with almost twice of patients without statin treatment (4.6 +2.7 vs.2.4 + 1.8;P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate factor analysis showed that age and statin use were independently risk factorsforMB(OR=l.03;95％ CI:1.00～1.05;P=0.01,0R=2.72;95％ CI:1.02～7.22;P =0.04,respectively) and csMB (OR =1.03;95％ CI:1.00 ～ 1.06;P =0.01 and OR =4.15;95％ CI:1.54 ～ 11.20,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Statin use in patients with ICH is independently associated with MB,especially csMB.Future studies are needed to confirm our findings and to investigate whether csMB can serve as a marker for ICH risk in statin-treated patients.

【Objective】 To investigate the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin combined with metformin versus glimepiride combined with metformin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients with severe hyperglycaemia. 【Methods】 A randomized controlled and non-inferiority trial was carried out. A total of 129 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients with severe hyperglycaemia [FPG≥200 mg/mL (11.1 mmol/L) and HbA1c≥9.0%] were enrolled and numerally randomly assigned to two groups. The patients received sitagliptin combined with metformin (n=66) or glimepiride combined with metformin (n=63) for 4 weeks and then metformin alone for another 8 weeks. Glycaemic control, weight changes and β-cell insulin secretory capacity were investigated to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of these two treatments. 【Results】 Mean HbA1c reduction was 4.03% in sitagliptin group and 4.13% in glimepiride group after 3 months of treatment. The lower boundary of the two-sided 95% confidence intervals of the mean HbA1c reduction difference between the two groups was -0.648%, which was more than -0.65%, suggesting that the predefined statistical criterion for non-inferiority was achieved. FPG decreased significantly after one month of intervention in both groups (P<0.05). Significant reduction in the time of reaching euglycemia, FPG and weight decrease was observed in sitagliptin group than glimepiride group (P<0.05). The FPG control rate FPG<110 mg/mL (6.1 mmol/L) was higher in sitagliptin group than in glimepiride group (P<0.05). After the 3-month follow-up, FPG, HbA1c and incidence of hypoglycemia showed no significant differences in the two groups, while weight loss and BMI changes showed significant differences in sitagliptin group compared with glimepiride group (P<0.05). No significant differences in β-cell insulin secretory indexes were observed in the two therapy groups (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Our study provided evidence that sitagliptin combined with metformin in newly diagnosed diabetes patients with severe hyperglycaemia showed better outcomes in glycaemic remission compared with glimepiride for those who refused insulin injection.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the most common thyroid dysfunction, and its relationship with blood pressure (BP) has been controversial. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between SCH and newly-diagnosed hypertension. Methods: Based on data from the Thyroid disease, Iodine nutrition and Diabetes Epidemiology (TIDE) study, 49,433 euthyroid individuals and 7,719 SCH patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Patients with a history of hypertension or thyroid disease were excluded. SCH was determined by manufacturer reference range. Overall hypertension and stage 1 and 2 hypertension were diagnosed according to the guidelines issued by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association in 2017. Results: The prevalence of overall hypertension (48.7%), including stage 1 (28.9%) and 2 (19.8%) hypertension, increased significantly in SCH patients compared with euthyroid subjects. With elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, the hypertension prevalence also increased significantly from the euthyroid to different SCH subgroups, which was more profound in females or subjects aged <65 years. The age- and sex-specific regression analysis further demonstrated the same trends in the general population and in the 1:1 propensity matched population. Similarly, several BP components (i.e., systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP) were positively associated with TSH elevation, and regression analysis also confirmed that all BP components were closely related with SCH in female subjects aged <65 years. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension increases for patients with SCH. SCH tends to be associated with hypertension and BP components in females younger than 65 years.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the most common thyroid dysfunction, and its relationship with blood pressure (BP) has been controversial. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between SCH and newly-diagnosed hypertension. Methods: Based on data from the Thyroid disease, Iodine nutrition and Diabetes Epidemiology (TIDE) study, 49,433 euthyroid individuals and 7,719 SCH patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Patients with a history of hypertension or thyroid disease were excluded. SCH was determined by manufacturer reference range. Overall hypertension and stage 1 and 2 hypertension were diagnosed according to the guidelines issued by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association in 2017. Results: The prevalence of overall hypertension (48.7%), including stage 1 (28.9%) and 2 (19.8%) hypertension, increased significantly in SCH patients compared with euthyroid subjects. With elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, the hypertension prevalence also increased significantly from the euthyroid to different SCH subgroups, which was more profound in females or subjects aged <65 years. The age- and sex-specific regression analysis further demonstrated the same trends in the general population and in the 1:1 propensity matched population. Similarly, several BP components (i.e., systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP) were positively associated with TSH elevation, and regression analysis also confirmed that all BP components were closely related with SCH in female subjects aged <65 years. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension increases for patients with SCH. SCH tends to be associated with hypertension and BP components in females younger than 65 years.