Proteomics is a new research area of the post-genomic era. Oncoproteomics is an important branch of it.Here we discuss the investigative outcome of thyroid oncoproteomics in recent years,such as specific tumor biomarkers and antineoplastic drug.

Objective To observe the distribution of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc and to establish standard curve in normal mice so as to measure the changes of dopaminergic neurons in number in SNpc of the mice toxicated with MPTP. Methods Ten male C57BL6 mice aged 8-12 weeks, weight 20-22 g, were randomized to receive 20 mg/kg MPTP or physical saline every 3 h for 4 times, then killed 7 d later. The mouse mesocerebrum was taken out and fixed, frozen, sectioned. All sections containing SNpc were observed under the guide of mouse brain atlas. Every other sections were chosen to stain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) to show dopaminergic neurons immunohistochemically. The TH positive cells in SNpc were counted in each section and the standard curve was established. Results The standard curve of SNpc compact part position and TH positive cells was established. By comparing the standard curves for the MPTP intoxicated mice and the saline mice, TH positive cells in SNpc from MPTP toxicated mice decreased significantly, which confirmed the validity and feasibility of the standard curve. Conclusion The establishment of standard curve greatly facilitates the comparison of specimen from different groups and makes the assessment of dopaminergic neuron loss more accurate and efficient. The standard curve can serve as an excellent reference curve for the assessment of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc in normal C57BL6 mice.

BACKGROUND: NOV protein encoded by nephroblastoma overexpression gene(NOV) is IGF(insulin-like growth factor) -binding protein. What is its impact on human neural stem cell(hNSC) proliferation and differentiation?OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impacts of NOV protein on hNSCs proliferation and differentiation.DESIGN: A single factor analysis of variance experimental study using cells as subjectsSETTING: Department of histology and embryology, and department of neurobiology in a military medical university.MATERIALS: Study was conducted in the Department of Histology and Embryology of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. Subjects were hNSCs cultured from 10 to 14 weeks human embryo cerebral cortex.INTERVENTIONS: COS-7 cells were transfected by NOV gene recombined plasmid. COS-7 cell and COS-7 cell modified by NOV gene conditioned culture media(COS-CM and NOV-CM) were collected and reacted with the cultured HNSCs.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: hNSCs proliferation was detected by 3H-TdR scintillation analysis, and hNSCs differentiation was detected by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometer(FCM).RESULTS: Both COS-CM and NOV-CM could significant promote the intake of 3H-TdR by HNSCs, of which the 1/minute of NOV-CM group was significantly higher than that of COS-CM group(P ＜ 0.05), which indicated that NOV-CM contained component that could facilitate hNSCs proliferation, and moreover, there was certain dose-effect relationship in NOV-CM' s facilitation of cellular proliferation. The results of immunocytochemistry and FCM revealed that there were more NF-200 positive cells in NOV-CM group, while many glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells could be seen in COS-CM group.CONCLUSION: NOV protein might have facilitative effects on hNSCs proliferation and differentiation into neurons.

Private cloud is an internal cloud featuring multi-tenant,dynamic configuration and optimization infrastructure,which enables developers to achieve service self-deployment and self-hosting within security coverage of the enterprise data center.This paper introduced the concept of cloud computing.Then it went on to present the private cloud architecture of the hospital by analysis of problems in the hospital including information construction costs,management and maintenance,and information expansion.In the end,the authors analyzed the cloud computing service model,hospital private cloud architecture,along with outcome analysis for hospital private cloud implementations.

Objective To evaluate how proprioception affect ankle stability through comparing angle position awareness and peroneus reaction time between chronic ankle lateral instability patients and healthy controls.Methods A total of 51 participants were recruited into an experimental group of 21 patients with chronic ankle lateral instability (17 males,aged 31.6±2.6) and a control group of 30 healthy counterparts (24 males,aged 34.2±2.3).All the participants were asked to reoccur passive ankle position under the angular velocity at 2 degree per second when they were resting with non-weight bearing in their recruited ankles.The muscle reaction time (MRT)of peroneus longus(PL) and peroneus brevis (PB) in all the recruited ankles was measured during sudden ankle inversion both with and without ankle protective brace wearing.Results The difference between angle recurrence and the target angle (ankle inversion 20° and 30°) was significantly higher (P＜0.05) in the experimental group compared to the control group.The average MRTs of PL and PB were also significantly longer (P＜0.05) in the experimental group than the control group,whether wearing ankle protective braces or not.However,within both groups,no significant differences of PL and PB's MRT were identified between brace wearing and no brace (P＞0.05).Conclusions In patients with chronic lateral ankle instability,the position awareness decreases and the reaction time of peroneus is prolonged.Ankle braces can provide mechanical protection to the injured joints,but cannot promote MRT significantly.

Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and analyze the factors related to diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) so as to provide theoretical evidence for early diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis complicated with T2DM. Methods According to their BMD values, patients were divided into OP group and non-OP group. Then we compared differences in sex, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FIns), insulin sensitivity index (ISI), quantitative of urinary albumin (ALb), quantitative of urinary protein in 24 hours, serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkali phosphatase level (ALP), and made correlation analysis. Results Compared with those in non-OP group, patients in OP group had older age, longer disease course, smaller baric index, lower bone density, higher alkali phosphatase, lower insulin sensitivity index, higher glycosylated hemoglobin, higher quantitative of urinary protein in 24 hours and urinary microprotein, which were significantly different according to t-test (P<0.05). However, the levels of fasting plasma glucose, serum phosphorus and serum calcium did not differ obviously. BMD of type 2 diabetes was negatively correlated to age, disease course, glycosylated hemoglobin, quantitative of urinary protein in 24 hours, ALb and ALP, but positively correlated to BMI and ISI, and had no correlation with serum calcium, serum phosphorus and fasting plasma glucose. Conclusion Many factors, such as older age, low body weight, long duration of the disease, high level of blood sugar, insulin dysfunction, low insulin sensitivity, high serum alkaline phosphatase and diabetic nephropathy, contribute to osteoporosis in T2DM.

Objective To evaluate whether ultrasonographic features of thyroid nodules are associated with histological malignancy, and to set up helpful criteria in identifying those who should accept subsequent fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Methods 146 thyroid nodules of 123 patients accepted ultrasonographic evaluation and FNAB. All patients but one with suspicious or malignant cytology were operated. Results Out of total 146 nodules, 43 were histologically malignant, 102 were cytologically benign, and 1 nodule with suspicious cytology was not followed. Hypoechoic pattern, blurred margins, irregular shape, microcalcification, and type Ⅲ vascularity were significantly more frequent in malignant than benign nodules (P ＜ 0. 05). No one of the ultrasonographic features could independently predict malignant nodules. A better compromise is probably to apply FNAB in nodules with at least one or two malignant ultrasonographic signs. Conclusion No single parameter could satisfactorily identify a subset of patients to be selectively examined by FNAB. A cost-effective approach to FNAB should depend on combination of specific ultrasonographic features.

Objective To explore the relationship of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( sICAM-1 ) in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy ( TAO), and the role played by TRAb and sICAM-1 in the pathogenesis of TAO. Method Twenty-three TAO patients were assigned to groups according to the clinical activity score and EUGOGO. All patients were treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse. The levels of serum TRAb and sICAM-1 were evaluated by a competitive radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively before treatment and by the end of each methylprednisolone pulse. Results The differernce in serum TRAb levels was associated with activity scores of TAO (P=0. 020). The change in serum sICAM-1 was associated with durations of TAO ( P = 0.015). During methylprednisolone treatment in active TAO patients, the levels of TRAb kept on decreasing gradually and markedly declined after the third methylprednisolone pulse in active TAO patients (P＜0.05). The trends of changes in serum TRAb and sICAM-1 levels were both different in active and inactive TAO patients by tendency analysis. Conclusion TRAb level was related to the activity of TAO and might serve as a significant predictor of response to methylprednisolone therapy. The negative correlation between sICAM-1 levels and duration of TAO corroborates the role played by ICAM-1 during the early stage of TAO. Higher sICAM-1 levels are not expected to be specific to TAO and may not predict a response to methylprednisolone therapy.

Objective To analyze the relationship of serum levels of TSH,thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb) with cytopathologic changes of thyroid fine needle aspiration(FNAB) in autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT).Methods Totally 82 cases of cytologically confirmed AIT including 75 females and 7 males were collected.Levels of TSH,TPOAb and TGAb were tested.After execution of FNAB,features of the cytopathology were observed.Results ① The percentage of positive TPOAb and TGAb were 91.4% and 74.4%,respectively in all the AIT patients.47.6% of the patients had TSH levels within normal range(0.3～5 mu/L).② All of the slides had different grades of lymphocytic infiltration.49.3% had germinal center,32.8% had Askanazy cells,26.9% had plasma cells,22.4% had colloid,and 9% had multinuclear giant cells.③ Lymphocytic infiltration was divided into four degrees.The levels of TSH and TPOAb increased significantly in the extremely heavy lymphocytic infiltration grade than in the others(P

Objective To clone and construct the plasmid containing human thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR) gene ectodomain,and then identify the immunoreactivity of the purified recombinant protein.Methods TSHR total RNA was extracted from human thyroid,and cDNA was obtained with RT-PCR technique.Human TSHR ectodomain gene(hETSHR) was cloned into pcDNA3.1(+) vector.The recombined construct was transfected into CHO cells by Lipofectin 2000.The transcript mRNA was detected by RT-PCR,and protein immunoreactivity was assayed by TSHR antibody with immunocytochemistry staining and Western blot.Results DNA sequencing results showed that the recombinant of human thyrotropin receptor ectodomain had confirmed sequence reported in GenBank.The fusion protein had the immunoreactivity.Conclusion Human thyroid stimulating hormone receptor was successfully cloned in eukaryotic expression vector and the constructor was expressed in eukaryotic cells very well.