[Objective]To discuss the initiating and developing mechanism of OPLL,and the influence of different operations on happening and developing of OPLL.[Method]We subgroup healthy adult S-D rats into groups,did operation on C 3~6 level.The first group:laminectomy;the second group:laminectomy and muscle cutting;the third group:muscle cutting only;the fourth group:exposure only;contrasting group:no treatment.We got the tissue of posterior longitudinal,ligament at 1,2,4,and 8 weeks post-operation and quantify BMP-2 and BMP-7 by PCR method.[Result]BMP-2,BMP-7 increased significantly in the 1st,2nd and 3rd group compared with the contrastinggroup;BMP-2,BMP-7 of only exposure group had no significant difference compared with the contrasting group.[Conclusion]BMP-2 and BMP-7 play important roles in the early stage of OPLL,they could be the on-setting factors of OPLL.BMP-7 may play an important roles in the later ossification period.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TOCE) and percutaneous absolute ethanol injection (APEI) in moderate or advanced liver cancer.Method During May,1993～Aug,1999, 137 patients with unresectable advanced liver cancer were retrospectively studied. 85 cases only received TOCE, 52 cases were treated by TOCE+APEI by B-US guidance.Results The effect in TOCE+APEI group was significant better than that in only TOCE group,the half year, 1-year,2-year and 3-year survival rates of the TOCE+APEI group were 86 54%,67 31%,43 55% and 21 77%,while those of the TOCE group were 65 89%,47 92%,22 12% and 1 48% respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups in survival rate(P

Objective To investigate the changes in gastrointestinal circulation during the operation of orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods In 15 patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, PgCO2 and PaCO2 were determined and the values of Pg-aCO_2 and pHi were calculated at the time points as follows: pre-operation (T0), 30min before anhepatic phase (T1), 30min of anhepatic phase (T2), and 5min (T3), 30min (T4) and 90min (T5) after reperfusion of the transplanted liver, and at the end of the operation(T6). Results Compared with that of pre-operation, PgCO2 and Pg-aCO2 increased significantly at the following time points: 30min before anhepatic phase, 30min of anhepatic phase, as well as 5min and 30min after reperfusion of the transplanted liver (P0.05). The values of pHi decreased significantly at 30min before anhepatic phase, 30min of anhepatic phase, and 5min and 30min in neohepatic phase (P

Objective To study the hepatotoxicity of cyclosporine-A, tacrolimus and other immunosuppressive drugs in patients with renal transplantation. Methods In 346 cases undergone renal transplantation, ALT, AST, BILT and BILD levels of venous blood 1-90 days after operation, and treatment methods and outcome were reviewed, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of hepatotoxicity. Results In CsA group, the occurrence rate of liver dysfunction was 26.9%, in whom ALT, AST and BILD increased apparently (P0.05). In MMF and MRZ group, the incidence of liver dysfunction was almost the same. In 18 cases the drug was changed into FK506, ALT, AST, BILT and BILD all apparently decreased 1 week later (P

Objective To evaluate the direct deleterious effect of immunosuppressive agent to human islets, and to explore the suitable immunosuppressive protocol for human islet transplantation. Methods Human islet cells cultured in vitro were exposed to various therapeutic concentrations of four immunosuppressive agents for 72h respectively. Glucose-stimulating insulin secretion during incubation was measured using the ultrasensitive human insulin ELISA kit. The assessment of islet cell viability was studied with acridine orange (AO)-propidium iodide (PI). Results In vitro, low therapeutic concentrations had no deleterious effect on insulin secretion or viability of islet, but high concentration of the drugs was deleterious to ?-cell survival as well as insulin secretion. The effect of medium concentration varied significantly, and sirolimus tacrolimus demonstrated stronger deleterious effect on human islets than mycophenolic acid. Conclusion The direct deleterious effect of immunosuppressive agents to islet cells is dose-dependent, therefore immunosuppressive agent must be optimized after islet transplantation.

Objective To monitor and modulate the coagulation disorder during operation in patients undergiong allogeneic liver transplantation. Methods PT, TT, APTT, FIB, HB, PLT count, sonoclot coagulation and platelet function were measured dynamically in 10 patients during anesthesia and operation. Results After coagulants were used, the above parameters pertaining to coagulation function were improved obviously. All of above coagulation parameters were severely abnormal in the period from 30 minutes before anesthesia to 20 minutes after portal vein recirculation. The hypocoagulability was significantly improved at the end of operation by target supplementation of prothrombin complex, fibrinogen, fresh platelets, and other coagulants, complementing large amount of fresh blood plasma. Notably, severe hemorrhage and thrombosis leading to re-operation did not happen in all the recepients. Conclusion The relationship of the local hypercoagubility at the anastomosis and the systemic hypocoagulation should be concerned to prevent coagulation and thrombosis during operation of liver transplantation.

Objective To prove the extracellular ATP attracts the axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury via the ATP receptor Methods The sciatic nerve defects had been made in 10 female Sprague Danley rats and repaired by"Y" form silicon tube The single arm of the"Y" form tube were sutured with the proxma the sciatic nerve and the other two end of silicon tube sutured by paralled or cross method so as to differentiate the experimental side and control side, 1mmol/L 10 ?l ATP and 1mmol/L 10 ?m ATP+ 0 2mg/ml Suramin were injected differently into two arms of left side and 10 ?l physiological saling and 10 ?l 0 2mg/ml Suramin injected differently into two arms of right dide The silicon tube were removed after eight weeks and examine the form and number of myelinated tibers as well as the quanlity of the myelinated sheath Results In the left sides regeneration axon were tuned into the silicon tubes containing the ATP and there were not axon regeneration in the silicon tube contained the ATP and there were not axon regeneration in the silicon tube contained ATP+ Suramin In the right sides the regeneration axon were found only three tubes contained suramin and seven tubes contained physiological saline Conclusions The results demonstrated that the suramin inhibited the axon reduction of the extracellular ATP completely

Objective To evaluate the role of 5-hydroxy trptarine 2A receptor (5-HT2A) in the pathogenesis of biliary fibrosis after liver transplantation in rats.Method Rats were randomly divided into control group Ⅰ and control group Ⅱ[(supplied livers were preserved for 1 or 12 h),ketanserin group (recipients of control group Ⅱ were intraperitoneally injected with ketanserin 24 h postoperatively at the dosage of 5 mg · kg-1 · day-1),and sham group (rats were subjected to transverse laparotomy and closure without manipulation of the liver).During 4-week observation period,serum biliary enzymes,5-HT content in the liver,the expression of fibrosis-related genes,cholangiocytes proliferation and biliary fibrosis were evaluated.Result Compared with the sham group,the serum ALP,GGT,TBil and 5-HT contents in the liver homogenate were increased on the postoperative day 1 (POD1) and then restored to the normal level.There was slight proliferation of bile duct epithelial cells on POD3 in the control group Ⅰ,with fewer collagen fibers and α-sooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive myofibroblasts in the portal area.The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and procollagen α1-mRNA in graft livers was not significantly increased in the control group Ⅰ.To the contrast,the control group Ⅱ demonstrated high levels of serotonin in the liver homogenate and enhanced serum biliary enzymes.Active cholangiocytes proliferation was triggered on POD3 and remained higher than in the control group Ⅰ and the sham group.The control group Ⅱ showed a large number of α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts and collegan fibers at the postoperative week 4.In parallel,the major profibrogenic transcripts MMP2 and procollagen α1 were significantly increased at 2nd,and 4th week postoperation in the control group Ⅱ.Importantly,we also found that ketanserin relieved the signs of biliary fibrosis at 4th week postoperation in 5-HT2A group by the demonstration of reduced collagen fibers and a-SMA-positive myofibroblast in the portal area,as well as the decrease in the fibrosis-related gene expression.In addition to the lower cholangiocytes proliferation,serum levels of biliary enzymes including GGT,ALP and TBil in 5-HT2A group were significantly decreased at 4th week postoperation as compared with the control group Ⅱ.Conclusion Selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist,Ketanserin retards biliary fibrosis progression posttransplantation,suggesting that 5-HT2A receptor is a potential therapeutic target for ischemia-related biliary fibrosis after DCD liver transplantation.

Objective To analyze the prognosis of advanced esophageal carcinoma treated with paclitaxel and different platinum?based chemotherapy regimens plus intensity?modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) , and to explore an optimal chemotherapy regimen. Methods A total of 242 patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma who were admitted to our hospital and treated with paclitaxel and cisplatin ( 68 patients), nedaplatin (85 patients), lobaplatin (58 patients), or oxaliplatin (31 patients) plus IMRT from 2008 to 2014 were enrolled as subjects. The prognosis of the four groups was analyzed after 2, 3, and ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy. The survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan?Meier method and analyzed by the log?rank test. The Cox model was used for the multivariate prognostic analysis. Results The sample number of 3 years was 168 cases. In all the 242 patients, the medium survival time was 31. 1 months and the 3?year overall survival ( OS) rate was 47. 4%. There was no significant difference in the 3?year OS rate between the cispaltin, nedaplatin, lobaplatin, and oxaliplatin groups ( 46. 2% vs. 56. 4% vs. 45. 7% vs. 29. 0%, P=0. 090) . The stratified analysis showed that the cisplatin, nedaplatin, and lobaplatin groups had a significantly higher OS rate than the oxaliplatin group ( 50. 1% vs. 29. 0%, P=0. 021 ) . There was no significant difference in the 3?year OS rate between patients receiving 2, 3, and≥4 cycles of chemotherapy ( 40. 1% vs. 49. 5% vs. 50. 8%, P=0. 264) . The multivariate analysis showed that esophageal tumor volume and the maximal size of metastatic lymph node were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Combined with IMRT, paclitaxel plus cisplatin, nedaplatin, or lobaplatin?based chemotherapy achieves improved survival rates than paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin?based chemotherapy. Esophageal tumor volume and the maximal size of metastatic lymph node are independent prognostic factors.

Objective To explore the effect of hepatectomy or cholangiolithotomy on patients with hepatocholangic stones. Methods The clinical data of surgical treatment of 316 patients with hepatocholangic stones combined with bile duct stricture was retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups:172 patients chiefly underwent hepatectomy,and the other 144 patients chiefly underwent cholangiolithotomy. Results The ratio of residual stones and reoperation in the hepatectomy group was significantly lower than those in the cholangiolithotomy group (P