Water-purifier-81, a modern type apparatus for purification of drinking water,was particularly desgined and trial produced for our army to meet the requirement of field work.The structural design of the apparatus is reasonable. Three advanced purification-media are combined into a single unit to improve the effect of purification and a stable performance .The raw materials are non-poisonous, harmless, safe and reliable. The water, experiment carried out from five rivers and wells, showed being obvious effects in removing dirt, color, and taste as well as in disinfection. It is proved that water-purifier-81 is in conformity with the National Standard of Hygiene of Drinking Water. The driving force may be produced either by man power or electric power.The purificaion-media can be regenerated and applied repeatedly . The purification rate of an apparatus may meet the amount of drinking water required by a company. Water-purifier-81 is suitable not only for arrny field work during war time but also for civil field work during peace time.

Type J.T. water-purifier with a lately developed material-polyethyelene actived carbon compound media as purification media is a new type purifier for drinking water. It can not only be used to remove insoluble small particles suspending in water, but also separate soluble matter which is detrimental to human body (such as chlorine, phenol and mercury etc) from water. It is shown to be of better effect of filtration by the results of experiment carried out both in laboratory and in running water. After being filtered, clear and transparent water with a nice taste can be obtained. The removal efficient of metal ions is more than 50 per cent and that of harmful matters extremely high, A long-term drinking of thus purified water would not bring about the lack of metal ions necessary for human body. Bacteria are not to be retained and multiplied in the water-purifier. The purification media can be regenerated and employed repeatedly. This kind of water-purifier is applicable for family, army, school and restaurant.

To investigate the modulation on the P-glycoprotein in the jejunum by combined use of Glycyrrhiza inflata and Kansui with ussing chamber and rt-pcr, Rhodamine 123 (R123), a P-gp substrate and fluorescein sodium (CF), a model drug of non-P-gp substrate transported by a passive diffusion were taken as investigational drugs. Because these two drugs can be easily assayed and widely used in various research fields. The permeability of R123 or CF via Wistar rat jejunum membranes was evaluated by in vitro ussing chamber after oral administration of four different decoctions of Glycyrrhiza inflata and Kansui for 1 week. And the concentration of R123 or CF was determined by the fluorospectrophotometry in the receiving solution. Meanwhile the expression of mdr1a in P-glycoprotein was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. After oral administration of combined decoction of the single drug, the absorptive directed permeability of R123 increased significantly (P < 0.01). On the other hand, Kansui and combine decoction of the two drugs also decrease the permeability of secretory directed transport (P < 0.05). No action of Glycyrrhiza inflata was found on the secretory transport of R123 [Papp = (2.56 +/- 0.38) x 10(-5), cm x s(-1)] across the jejunum tissues, while Papp of control group was found [Papp = (2.35 +/- 0.27) x 10(-5), cm x s(-1)]. After oral administration of Kansui decoction for 1 week and 2 weeks, the levels of mdr1a expression in Wistar rats were lower than that of the control group, but there were no significant difference in the results. Meanwhile, Glycyrrhiza inflata had no effect on transport of CF across the jejunum tissues, though the other three groups could decrease the permeability of CF, as compared with control group. Kansui may slightly inhibit P-glycoprotein function in the intestinal membrane. For another, some compositions in Kansui inhibit P-glycoprotein function, and some others strengthen the tight junction between cells in the intestinal membrane to decrease permeability of CF. As the inhibitory action to P-glycoprotein was enhanced by combination of Glycyrrhiza inflata and Kansui, based on the results, it may be one of the mechanisms of creating toxicity once co-administration of Glycyrrhiza inflata and Kansui.

How to improve the long-term prognosis of transplant kidney and solve the shortage of donor kidney are still two major problems that plague clinicians. Among them, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), rejection, infection, and immunosuppressive therapy are important issues in the research field of renal transplantation. Therefore, strengthening the literature study in the field of renal transplantation and understanding the nature of transplant kidney related diseases and international frontier research hotspots, help to further improve the function and prolong the survival time of the transplant kidney in clinic. This article interpreted literatures on the research hotspots and new progress in the field of renal transplantation in the third quarter of 2020, combined with the meeting minutes of the 12th Lingnan Reading Club, and reviewed from the three aspects of IRI, rejection and infection.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of haploidentical hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (Haplo-PBSCT) for acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse after complete remission by standard induction chemotherapy. Methods Eighty-nine cases of AML in first relapse after complete remission by standard DA/Hi-Ara-C regimens induction chemotherapy were evaluated retrospectively. Fiftythree cases were grafted by haplo-PBSCT and 26 cases were treated with iDA/Mid-Ara-C or MA/ Mid- Ara-C agents. Results The second remission rate in haplo-PBSCT group and continuous chemotherapy group was 86. 7 % (46/53 cases) and 38. 1% (9/23 cases) respectively (P＜0. 01). Survival postprogression (SPP) at 36th month was 43. 4 % (23/53 cases) in haplo-PBSCT group and 11.5 % (3/26 cases) in continuous chemotherapy group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Haplo-PBSCT could significantly increase the second remission rate and prolong the survival time of patients with acute myeloid leukernia in first relapse after complete remission by standard induction chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) for the identification of de novo mutations in the DMD gene among fetuses.

METHODSG-banded karyotyping and SNP array were performed on a fetus with intrauterine growth restriction but without family history of Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD). Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was subsequently applied on amniocytes and maternal peripheral blood sample to detect DMD gene deletion/duplication mutations.

RESULTSKaryotyping of amniocytes showed a normal 46, XY karyotype. SNP array on amniocytes detected a 116 kb deletion (chrX: 32 455 741-32 571 504) at Xp21.1 with breakpoints at introns 16 and 30 respectively, encompassing exons 17-29 of the DMD gene. In addition, MLPA analysis of the DMD gene on amniocytes confirmed the deletion of exons 17 to 29 identified by SNP array. However, no deletion/duplication mutation was detected by MLPA in the mother.

CONCLUSIONThe de novo deletion of exons 17 to 29 of the DMD gene detected in the fetus may result in BMD or DMD. SNP array can improve the efficiency for detecting genomic disorders in fetuses with unidentified pathogenic genes, negative family history and nonspecific phenotypes.

Adult ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Fetus ; abnormalities ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Pregnancy

Objective:To establish the HPLC specific chromatogram and provide comprehensive evaluation of Xanthii fructus from different regions.Methods:The HPLC analysis was performed on an Alltima C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm) with acetonitrile-0.1％phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.8 ml· min-1 .The detection wavelength was 278 nm.The column temperature was 25℃.The software"Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCMs"was employed to carry out the similarity analysis of the samples from Henan , Jilin, Anhui and the other regions .Results:The specific chromatogram was preliminarily constructed and 5 common peaks with chlorogenic acid as the reference were identified .Conclusion:The method is scientific basis of the quality assessment of Xanthii fructus with convenient and reliable properties .

Objective To explore the variation trend of natural killer (NK) cell subsets in the recipients infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 92 renal transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. All recipients were divided into the CMV infection group (n=43), CMV infection recovery group (n=13), stable renal function group (n=15), rejection group (n=11) and other infection group (n=10). In addition, healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in the healthy control group (n=15). The proportion of NK cells in peripheral blood, the expression proportion and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD226 and CD16 in NK cells were observed and statistically compared among different groups. Results The proportion of NK cells was 4.9% (2.2%, 11.5%) in the CMV infection group and 3.7% (2.3%, 6.5%) in the CMV infection recovery group, which were significantly lower than those in the other groups (all P < 0.05). The expression proportion of CD226 and CD16 in NK cells in the CMV infection group was significantly lower compared with those in the healthy control group and stable renal function group(all P < 0.05). The expression proportion of CD226 and CD16 in NK cells in the CMV infection recovery group was remarkably higher than those in the CMV infection group (both P < 0.05). The MFI of CD226 and CD16 in the CMV infection group was significantly lower than those in the healthy control group (both P < 0.05). The MFI of CD226 and CD16 in the CMV infection recovery group was significantly higher than those in the CMV infection group (both P < 0.05). Conclusions The expression proportion and MFI of CD226 and CD16 in NK cells are down-regulated in CMV infection period, whereas up-regulated during the CMV infection recovery period, prompting that CD226 and CD16 expressed by NK cells are intimately correlated with the course of CMV infection.

Objective To evaluate the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its receptors upon the proliferation of CD8+T cells.Methods The splenic CD8+T cells of Balb/c mice were obtained by CD8+f cell magnetic bead sorting kit.Under the effect of CD3/CD28-activated magnetic bead,CD8+T cells were stimulated by different concentrations of GABA.5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation of CD8+T cells.The expression levels of GABA-A and GABA-B receptor before and after CD8+T cell activation were compared by fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Result Flow cytometry result revealed that GABA could inhibit the proliferation of activated CD8+T cells,manifested as significant decrease in the quantity of CD152+CD8+T cells.Fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that GABA-A receptor subtypes α2,α6 and GABA-B receptor subtype 1a were expressed only when the CD8+T cells were activated.After CD8+T cell activation,the quantity of GABA-A receptor subtypes α3,αs,β2,β3,γ1,γ2 and θ were significantly increased,whereas the quantity of GABA-B2R and GABA-B1b did not significantly differ before and after CD8+T cell activation.Conclusions GABA can suppress the proliferation of activated CD8+T cells.The activation of CD8+T cells is regulated by GABA receptors.However,the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Objective To investigate the application value of Multi-Latex polygranular technique joint detection of kidney injury-related urinary microproteins in noninvasive diagnosis after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 72 recipients undergoing renal transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. According to the level of serum creatinine (Scr), the recipients were divided into normal renal function group (group A, n=14), mild kidney injury (group B, n=37), and severe kidney injury group (group C, n=21). 20 healthy volunteers were selected as the healthy control group (HC group). The contents of urinary retinol binding protein (RBP), microalbumin (mAlb), IgG, transferrin (TRF), α₁-microglobulin (MG), and β₂-MG of subjects in each group were detected using the Multi-Latex polygranular technique. The correlation between urinary microproteins and Scr, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was analyzed. The differences of urinary microproteins in each group were compared. And the diagnostic value of single and joint detection of urinary microproteins was evaluated. Results Six kinds of urinary microproteins in HC group and group A were significantly lower than those in group B and group C, and six kinds of urinary microproteins in group B were significantly lower than those in group C (all P < 0.01). Six kinds of urinary microproteins in renal transplant recipients were positively correlated with BUN. RBP, mAlb, α₁-MG, and β₂-MG were positively correlated with Scr. The correlations were statistically significant (P < 0.001-0.05). The diagnostic value of joint detection of urinary microproteins is better than the detection of single index, among which TRF+mAlb+RBP+α₁-MG quadruple detection had the highest diagnostic value. Conclusions Six kinds of urinary microproteins can be used as specific indicators to reflect graft renal function. The polygranular technique can simultaneously detect its contents and achieve noninvasive diagnosis. The diagnosis based on TRF+mAlb+RBP+α₁-MG quadruple detection is expected to further improve the noninvasive diagnosis system after renal transplantation.