Objective To investigate the inhibition of Eriobotryae Folium from twenty different districts towards phosphodiesterase 4(PDF4) in vitro.Methods The Eriobotryae Folium were extracted with 95％ ethanol reflux and the inhibition rates against PDE4D2 were carried out by liquid scintillation counting method.Results All the samples exhibited inhibitory activities towards PDE4 at 5 mg/L.Among them,nine samples were of the inhibition rate less than 80％,eleven samples were of more than 80％ inhibition and eight samples were of more than 90％ inhibition.Conclusion The Eriobotryae Folium shows significantly different inhibitory activities towards PED4.

Objective To study the effect of osgentide (OST) on proliferation of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 under simulated microgravity ( SMG ) .Methods Under normal conditions , cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay to screen an OST compound of an effective concentration after MC 3T3-E1 cells were treated with series OSTs .Furthermore, cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution of MC 3T3-E1 cells were analyzed after treatment with 1 nmol/L OST5 by MTT assay and by flow cytometry ( FCM) scanning under SMG .Results Under normal conditions , 1 nmol/L OST5 was able to significantly promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells (P<0.01).Under SMG, proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly inhibited and more cells entered G 1 than under normal conditions (CN).The proportion of S phase of MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment with 1 nmol/L OST5 ( OST-SMG) for 3 d was higher than that of untreated MC 3T3-E1 cells under SMG,suggesting that OST5 could promote DNA synthesis ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion OST5 facilitates the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells under SMG, which provides a basis for the use of OST5 in the prevention and treatment of bone loss relat-ed to microgravity .

Objective To study the expressions of apoptotic protease activating factor-1(Apaf-1)and astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)in colonic carcinoma,and to explore their correlations with the clinical path-ological features. Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 were detected in 63 colonic carcinoma sam-ples and 30 normal colonic mucosa adjacent to tumor nest by immunohistochemical method,and their correla-tions with clinical features of colonic carcinoma were analyzed. Results The positive expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in colonic carcinoma were 23. 81%(15 / 63)and 68. 25%(43 / 63),respectively. The positive expre-ssions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in normal colonic mucosa were 76. 67%(23 / 30)and 26. 67%(8 / 30),respec-tively. The positive expression rate of AEG-1 was significantly higher in colonic carcinoma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 14. 192,P = 0. 000). However,the expression of Apaf-1 was signi-ficantly lower in colonic carci-noma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 23. 497,P = 0. 000). The expression of Apaf-1 was negatively correlated to the expression of AEG-1(r = - 0. 339,P = 0. 007). The expressions of AEG-1 and Apaf-1 were associated with differentiation degree(χ2 = 4. 643,P = 0. 031;χ2 = 12. 034,P = 0. 001)and clinical stage(χ2 = 6. 628, P = 0. 010;χ2 = 8. 246,P = 0. 004),but they were not correlated with age(χ2 = 1. 462,P = 0. 227;χ2 =2. 401,P = 0. 121)and tumor size(χ2 = 0. 333,P = 0. 564;χ2 = 0. 590,P = 0. 442). Conclusion The expression of AEG-1 is up-regulated in colonic carcinoma,but the expression of Apaf-1 is down-regulated,with a significant negative correlation. Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. Therefore,combination detection of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be more valuable for the prog-nosis evaluation of colonic carcinoma.

Objective To analyze the inpatient specialist capacity of a hospital during 2013-2014 in Beijing for its specialists development, based on relevant local specialist development.Methods Analyzing the inpatient specialist capacity using case mix index (CMI) and DRG numbers according to BJ-DRG grouping method.Each MDC of the hospital is divided into four types according to the status and development of inpatient specialist capacity.Results Of the 19 MDCs, 2 (such as nervous system disease) fall into type 1, 6 MDCs (such as neck, ears, nose, mouth, pharynx disease and dysfunction) into type 2, while 5 MDCs (such as female reproductive system diseases and dysfunction) into type 3, and 6 MDCs (such as pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum) into type 4.Condusion Most of the MDC inpatient specialist capacities of the hospital in question are at ranking high in Beijing, and such capacities for various MDC can be improved by all means.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of autologous transplantation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for the treatment of lower limb ischemia. Methods Eighty-three limbs in 53 patients with lower limb ischemia were treated by autologous transplantation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from June 2004 to October 2005. Of the patients, there were 71 diabetic ischemic limbs in 44 cases, 6 arteriosclerotic occlusion limbs in 5 cases and 6 thromboangiitis obliterans in 4 cases. Symptoms included a feeling of pain in 80. 7% (67/83) limbs, cold in 72.3% (60/83) limbs and numb in 67.5% (56/83) limbs. Results There was no mortality. The outcome was evaluated after 2 months of transplantation. The pain-relieve rate, improvement rate of cold feeling and numbness was 83. 6% , 91. 7% and 75. 0% , respectively. Ankle / brachial index ( ABI) increased in 39. 8% (33/83) limbs. TcPO2 of the ischemic legs was obviously elevated in 89. 2% (74/83 ) limbs. Ulceration area reduced in 29. 2% limbs. Digital subtraction angiography ( DSA) was performed in 44. 6% (37 limbs of 23 patients) with collateral circulation increased in 72. 9% limbs. 15 limbs (18. 1% ) were amputated including 5 limbs with lowered level of amputation. Conclusion Autologous transplantation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a simple, safe, and effective method to treat patients with lower limb ischemia in which arterial reconstruction is impossible.

Objective:To evaluate EEG biofeedback therapy on clinical efficacy of children with different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using the integrated visual and auditory integration continuous performance test (IVA-CPT).Methods:Children with ADHD who completed more than 60 times of EEG biofeedback training in Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital from July 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research subjects. According to the results of IAV-CPT before treatment, all the children were divided into three subtypes: attention deficit type ( n=21), impulse hyperactivity type ( n=11), and mixed type ( n=30). The differences of symptom improvement between the three subtypes before and after training were compared by SPSS 23.0 software. Results:(1) In terms of response control (a total of 9 items), there was no statistical significance in the attention deficit group before and after treatment (all P>0.05). In the hyperactivity group, the scores of visual and auditory response control, full scale response control, auditory prudence and auditory consistency, visual focus quotient and visual consistency before treatment were significantly lower than those after treatment(all P<0.05). In the mixed group, the scores of visual and auditory response control, full scale response control, auditory prudence, visual consistency, and visual prudence before treatment were significantly lower than those after treatment(all P<0.05). In terms of attention (a total of 9 items), the scores of auditory vigilance, auditory attention, visual attention, full scale attention, visual vigilance and visual speed in the attention deficit group before treatment were significantly lower than those after treatment(all P<0.05). The scores of visual attention, full scale attention, visual focus quotient (all P<0.01), auditory attention and visual speed (all P<0.05) in hyperactivity group before treatment were significantly lower than those after treatment. In the mixed group, the scores of the other 8 items before treatment were significantly lower than those after treatment (all P<0.01, auditory focus quotient were P<0.05), except that the auditory speed had no statistical significance before and after treatment.(2)After EEG biofeedback training, the changes of IVA-CPT scores of the three groups before and after treatment(visual response control (-2.76±24.39), (19.55±19.94), (12.93±25.30), F=3.932, P=0.025), (full scale response control (2.38±20.77), (21.27±15.86), (15.43±25.69), F=3.158, P=0.050), (full scale attention (18.43±27.44), (11.36±11.40), (26.23±18.41), F=4.692, P=0.016), (auditory vigilance (20.23±42.65), (6.55±10.20), (33.63±36.30), F=7.160, P=0.002), (visual vigilance (19.48±28.55), (5.27±10.62), (33.27±28.26), F=10.876, P<0.001), (visual focus quotient (-2.24±23.67), (14.45±13.79), (12.83±21.91), F=3.669, P=0.031) were statistically significant. After LSD comparison, the changes of visual control and total control scores in the attention deficit group before and after treatment were significantly lower than those in the impulse hyperactivity group (all P<0.05) and the mixed group (all P<0.05). In the three items of total attention score, auditory vigilance and visual vigilance, the changes of impulsivity hyperactivity group before and after treatment were significantly lower than those of mixed group ( P=0.050, P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). The changes of visual attention quotient in the attention deficit group before and after treatment were significantly lower than those in the impulse hyperactivity group and the mixed group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:EEG biofeedback has clinical efficacy in the three groups of subtypes of ADHD, but the efficacy is different, and individualized EEG training programs should be developed for different subtypes of children on the basis of standard TBR therapy protocol.

Objective To explore the effect of eversion carotid endarterectomy(eCEA)on the cog-nitive function in elderly carotid artery stenosis patients with different ages.Methods A total of 56 elderly patients undergoing eCEA in Department of Vascular Surgery of No.920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force from May 2019 to May 2022 were enrolled and divided into a 60-69 year old group(31 cases)and a 70-80 year old group(25 cases).Mini-mental state examination(MMSE)Scale was used to analyze the patients within 1 week before surgery and 1 and 6 months after surgery.Results In the 60-69 years old group,their MMSE scores in 1 and 6 months after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery(24.71±3.67 vs 23.52±3.70,P＜0.05;25.48±3.19 vs 23.52±3.70,P＜0.01).For the 70-80 year old group,the MMSE score in 6 months after surgery was obviously higher than that before surgery and that in 1 month after sur-gery(25.44±3.42 vs 23.76±3.81,P＜0.01;25.44±3.42 vs 23.90±3.65,P＜0.01).The improve-ment of MMSE score between 1 month after surgery and before surgery was notably more obvi-ous in the 60-69 year old group than the 70-80 year old group,but the improvement between 6 months and 1 month after surgery was statistically declined in the 60-69 year old group than the 70-80 year old group(P＜0.05).Conclusion eCEA can significantly improve cognitive function in elderly patients with carotid artery stenosis,and obvious efficacy is observed in the early stage in the 60-69 years old patients.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on in-stent restenosis in middle-aged patients with acute coronary syndrome（ACS）after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. METHODS： Totally 400 middle-aged ACS patients underwent PCI were selected from Xuchang Central Hospital during Mar. 2016 to Apr. 2017， and then divided into control group and observation group according to random number table， with 200 patients in each group. Both groups were given conventional drugs for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Control group were given Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets 75 mg， once a day+Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg， once a day+Atorvastatin calcium tablets 20 mg， once at bed time every day orally after PCI. Observation group was given Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets 75 mg， once a day+Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg， once a day+Rosuvastatin calcium tablets 10 mg， once at bed time every day orally after PCI. Both groups were treated for consecutive 12 months. The serum levels of TG， TC， LDL-C， hs-CRP and IL-35 were recorded in 2 groups before surgery， 1， 3， 6 and 12 months after surgery； in-stent minimum lumen diameter （MLD） was observed immediately after surgery and 12 months after surgery. The occurrence of in-stent restenosis， major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） and adverse drug reaction （ADR） were recorded. RESULTS： Totally 14 patients dropped out from control group and 18 from observation group， and 368 patients completed the study. Before surgery and immediately after surgery， there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of TG， TC， LDL-C， hs-CRP IL-35 or MLD （P＞0.05）. One day after surgery， the levels of hs-CRP were increased significantly in 2 groups， compared with before surgery （P＜0.05）. One， three， six and twelve months after surgery， the serum levels of TG， TC， LDL-C and hs-CRP were decreased significantly in 2 groups， while the levels of IL-35 were increased significantly， compared with before surgery； and the serum levels of TG and TC （1 and 3 months after surgery）， LDL-C （3 and 6 months after surgery） and hs-CRP （1 month after surgery） in observation group were significantly lower than control group； the level of IL-35 in observation group （1 month after surgery） was significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. Twelve months after surgery， MLDs of 2 groups were decreased significantly， and observation group was significantly higher than control group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of in-stent restenosis or the total incidence of MACE and ADR between 2 groups after surgery （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Rosuvastatin can effectively improve the levels of blood lipid and inflammatory factor in meddle-aged patients with ACS after PCI， and its effect is better than that of atorvastatin. The drug can delay in-stent restenosis after PCI in these patients， which is better than the effect of atorvastatin. At the same time， rosuvastatin can not increase the risk of MACE and ADR with good safety.

BACKGROUND:Astrocytes play an important role in the pathology of central nervous system diseases.The phenotypic and functional changes in astrocytes suggest that it may be an effective therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases.Our previous studies have confirmed that astragaloside can inhibit the lipopolysaccharide-induced astrocyte inflammatory response.Whether astragaloside can regulate the phenotype and function of astrocytes through Notch-1 and its downstream signaling pathway remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of astragaloside on astrocyte activation and inflammatory response induced by inflammation and its possible mechanism. METHODS:Cerebral cortex astrocytes derived from neonatal C57BL/6 mouse were cultured in vitro.CCK-8 assay was used to determine the optimum concentration of astragaloside and Notch active inhibitor DAPT.The astrocytes were divided into five groups:PBS group,lipopolysaccharide group,lipopolysaccharide + astragaloside group,lipopolysaccharide + DAPT group and lipopolysaccharide + DAPT + astragaloside group.The secretion level of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA,and the level of nitric oxide was detected by Griess method.The astrocytes and splenic mononuclear cells were co-cultured in Transwell chamber to observe the migration of CD4T cells.The expression of astrocyte activation marker GFAP,A1 marker C3 and A2 marker S100A10 as well as Notch 1 and Jag-1 was detected by immunofluorescence staining.The expressions of CFB,C3,S100A10,PTX3,Notch-1,Jag-1,and Hes were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)According to the results of CCK8 assay,the final concentration of astragaloside was selected as 25 μmol/L and the final concentration of DAPT was 50 μmol/L for follow-up experiments.(2)Compared with PBS group,interleukin-6,interleukin-12 and nitric oxide secretion levels in the lipopolysaccharide group were significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,interleukin-6(all P<0.05),interleukin-12(P>0.05,P<0.05,P<0.05)and nitric oxide(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01)secretion significantly reduced in the lipopolysaccharide + astragaloside group,lipopolysaccharide +DAPT group,lipopolysaccharide + DAPT + astragaloside group.(3)Compared with the PBS group,the expression of GFAP that is the marker of activated astrocytes and the migration of CD4 T cells were significantly increased in the lipopolysaccharide group(P<0.01).Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,astrocyte activation was significantly inhibited and CD4 T cell migration was significantly reduced in the lipopolysaccharide + astragaloside,lipopolysaccharide +DAPT,lipopolysaccharide + DAPT + astragaloside group(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01).(4)Compared with the PBS group,the expressions of A1 markers C3 and CFB in the lipopolysaccharide group were increased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the expressions of A2 markers S100A10 and PTX3 were decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,C3(all P<0.01)and CFB(both P<0.05)were significantly reduced and S100A10(all P<0.01)and PTX3(P<0.05,P<0.05 and P>0.05)were increased in the lipopolysaccharide + astragaloside,lipopolysaccharide +DAPT,lipopolysaccharide + DAPT + astragaloside group.(5)Compared with the PBS group,the expressions of Jag-1,Notch-1 and Hes in the lipopolysaccharide group were significantly increased(all P<0.01).Compared with the lipopolysaccharide group,the expressions of Jag-1(all P<0.01),Notch-1(all P<0.01)and Hes(P<0.05,P<0.01 and P<0.01)were significantly reduced in the lipopolysaccharide + astragaloside,lipopolysaccharide +DAPT,lipopolysaccharide + DAPT + astragaloside group.(6)The results indicate that astragaloside can promote the transformation of astrocytes from A1 to A2 by regulating Notch-1 signaling pathway,reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors and the migration of CD4 T cells,and thus inhibit astrocyte activation and inflammatory response.

A chemical investigation on