OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of butylphthalide on the pharmacokinetics of aspirin in rats. METHODS:20 rats were randomly divided into control group(vegetable oil 0.4 ml/rat+aspirin 10 mg/kg)and trial group(butylphthalide 80 mg/kg+aspirin 10 mg/kg) intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 10 days. Blood samples were collected before the last medication and 10,20,40,60,120,240,360,480,600 and 720 min after medication,0.2 ml each time. The blood concentration of drugs was determined by HPLC,and pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 software. RESULTS:Main pharmacokinet-ic parameters of aspirin in control group vs. trial group were as follows as cmax of (28.68 ± 6.08) vs. (29.33 ± 4.25)μg/ml;t1/2 of (2.48±0.67)vs.(1.60±0.36)h;AUC0-720 min of(188.71±24.29)vs.(140.31±15.08)μg·h/ml;CL/F of(0.05±0.01)vs.(0.07± 0.01)L/(h·kg);there were significant differences in t1/2,AUC0-720 min and CL/F(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Butylphthalide has no significant effect on the absorption and distribution of aspirin in rats,but can strengthen its metabolism and elimination.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ( hUCM-SCs ) against Aβ-induced impairment in rats and the possible mechanism .Methods Male SD rats ( weight 210~230 g ) were divided randomly into five groups with ten in each:① control group ( con );② vehicle-control group ( sterile distilled water , v-con );③ hUC-MSCs-control group ( hUCMSCs-con );④ Aβinjury group ( injury );⑤ hUCMSCs treatment group ( hUCM-SCs) .Six-day Morris water maze behavioral task was employed to test the spatial learning and memory of the animals.Neuro-pathological evaluation under thionin stain was performed after behavioral task .The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) and nerve growth factor ( NGF ) were tested through ELISA .Re-sults hUCMSCs enhanced the cognitive performance of Aβtreated rats, and reversed Aβ-induced cell loss in CA1 hippocampus.On the cellular level, hUCMSCs attenuated Aβinjection induced down-regulation of NGF and BDNF.Conclusion Administration of hUC-MSCs can reverse the behavioral and cellular impair-ment of Aβtreated rats, as well as the down-regulation of neurotrophins , thus exerting a neuronal protective effect, which provides a potential therapeutic strategy for disorders with learning and memory impairment , such as Alzheimer ’ s disease ( AD) .

Objective:To determine the effectiveness of the interve ntion of burning mouth syndrome(BMS) reported by Chinese articles and to assess the quality of the studies by evidence-based medicine. Methods: relevant literatures were searched and identified in Chinese Medical Bio logical Database (CMB) and Chinese Technological Periodical Database (VIP) . Stu dies were selected with following criteria: study design- randomized controlle d trials; participants-patients with BMS. An evidence-based analysis was perfo rmed to the literatures. Results: There were totally 47 articles examined and only 11 of them met the criteria . Meta analysis was not possible due to the low quantity and poor quality, However, as far as the p ublished articles concerned, Lusunjing capsule showed good short-term effect in the treatment and nerve block with vitamin B 1 and B 12 was more effec tive than oral admenistering of vitamin. Conclusion: Th e quantity and quality of the reviewed studies are far from satisfaction and ca n not meet the clinical needs. Further trials of high methodological quality ne ed to be undertaken in order to develop effective treatment of BMS.

Objective To study the cause,prevention and treatment of postpancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage.Method The clinical data of 422 patients who underwent PD in our hospital between January 2000 and January 2012 were retrospective analyzed.Results The incidence of postoperative hemorrhage was 8.1％ (34/422),and the mortality was 20.6％ (7/34).Early and delayed hemorrhage occurred in 19 and 15 patients,respectively.Intra-abdominal and gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in 20 and 14 patients,respectively.For the 19 patients who underwent reoperation,the mortality was 20.6％ (7/34).When compared with the delayed hemorrhage group,the mortality of the early hemorrhage group was significantly lower (P＜0.05).Conclusions Meticulous operation and reliable hemostasis during operation and prevention of pancreatic fistula,biliary fistula and peritoneal fluid collection after operation are the key points in reducing postoperative hemorrhage.A timely and decisive reoperation is important to manage postoperative hemorrhage.

Objective:To evaluate the role of hsa_circ_0025853 in hypothermia-induced reduction of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury to neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH cells). Methods:SK-N-SH cells were cultured in vitro to the logarithmic phase and divided into 4 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), group OGD/R, hypothermia group (group H) and hsa_circ_0025853 small interfering RNA (siRNA) plus hypothermia group (group S+ H). The cells were cultured in normal culture atmosphere in group C. The cells were subjected to OGD for 3 h followed by restoration of oxygen-glucose supply for 24 h in group OGD/R.The cells were subjected to OGD for 3 h followed by restoration of oxygen-glucose supply for 24 h at 32 ℃ in group H. The cells were transfected with siRNA at 48 h before establishing OGD/R model, and the other treatments were similar to those previously described in group H. At 24 h of restoration of oxygen-glucose, cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8, apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry.the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) mRNA and hsa_circ_0025853 was detected by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of Drp1 protein was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased, the expression of hsa_circ_0025853 was down-regulated, and the expression of Drp1 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in the other 3 groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group OGD/R, the cell viability was significantly increased, the apoptosis rate of cells was decreased, the expression of hsa_circ_0025853 was up-regulated, and the expression of Drp1 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in H and S+ H groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group H, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased, the expression of hsa_circ_0025853 was down-regulated, and the expression of Drp1 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group S+ H ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The mechanism by which hypothermia alleviates the OGD/R injury to SK-N-SH cells is related to the up-regulation of hsa_circ_0025853 expression, thus reducing the expression level of Drp1.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between microRNA-93-5p and mitochondrial fusion protein-2 (Mfn2) in mouse nerve cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R).Methods:Mouse neuroblastoma cells were cultured in vitro to logarithmic growth phase.Experiment Ⅰ Cells were divided into 5 groups ( n=20 each) by the random number table method: control group (group C), group OGD/R, miR-93-5p inhibitor group (group I), siRNA-mfn2 plus miR-93-5p group (group siMfn2+ I) and miR-93-5p negative control group (group NC). Oxygen-glucose deprivation: the cells were cultured for 3 h in a low-glucose balanced salt solution at 37 ℃ in an environment of 5% CO 2-95% N 2.Restoration of oxygen and glucose: the cells were cultured in normal medium at 37℃ in 5% CO 2-95% air for 24 h. Group I, group siMfn2+ I and group NC were transfected with miR-93-5p inhibitor, miR-93-5p inhibitor plus siRNA-mfn2 and negative control miRNA, respectively, at 48 h before the OGD/R model was developed.Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.Cell apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of miR-93-5p and Mfn2 mRNA.Western blot was used to detect Mfn2 protein expression.Experiment Ⅱ The wild-type (WT)-Mfn2 and mutant (MUT)-Mfn2 were constructed and transfected into neuroblastoma cells with miR-93-5p mimic and miR-93-5p blank control (miR-93-5pNC), respectively.The cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=5 each) after 48 h of transfection by the random number table method: miR-93-5p NC-WT-Mfn2 co-transfection group, miR-93-5p mimic-WT-Mfn2 co-transfection group, miR-93-5p NC-MUT-Mfn2 co-transfection group, and miR-93-5p mimic-MUT-Mfn2 co-transfection group.The activity of luciferases was measured by double luciferase assay. Results:Experiment Ⅰ Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased, the expression of miR-93-5p was up-regulated, and the expression of Mfn2 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in the other gorups ( P<0.05). Compared with group OGD/R or group NC, the cell viability was significantly increased, the apoptosis rate of cells was decreased, miR-93-5p expression was down-regulated, and the expression of Mfn2 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group I ( P<0.05). Compared with group I, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate of cells was increased, and the expression of Mfn2 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in group siMfn2+ I ( P<0.05). Experiment Ⅱ Compared with miR-93-5p NC-WT-Mfn2 co-transfection group, the luciferase activity was significantly decreased in miR-93-5p mimic-WT-Mfn2 co-transfection group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in luciferase activity between miR-93-5p NC-MUT-Mfn2 co-transfection group and miR-93-5p mimic-MUT-Mfn2 co-transfection group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The miR-93-5p expression is up-regulated, which further targetedly down-regulates the expression of Mfn2, and this may be a mechanism of OGD/R in mouse nerve cells.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between hippocampal miR-3065-5p and insulin-like growth factor-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(IGF-1/PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway in a mouse model of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND).Methods:Eighty clean-grade healthy male C75BL/6 mice, aged 12-14 weeks, weighing 20-30 g, were divided them into 4 groups ( n=20 each) using the random number table method: control group (C group), PND group, miR-3065-5p agonist group (Ag group) and miR-3065-5p agonist negative control group (Ag-NC group). PND model was prepared by internal fixation of tibial fracture under anesthesia with 1.5% isoflurane. Two days before developing the model, miR-3065-5p agomir 2 μl was injected into the lateral ventricle in Ag group, miR-3065-5p agomir negative control 2 μl was injected into the lateral ventricle in Ag-NC group. Morris water maze test and open field test were performed at 7 days after surgery. The mice were sacrificed after the end of test, and hippocampal tissues were obtained for determination of the expression of miR-3065-5p, IGF-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA (by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and expression of IGF-1, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK3β) and Bcl-2 (by Western blot). Results:There was no significant difference in each parameter in the open field test among the four groups ( P>0.05). Compared with group C, the postoperative escape latency was significantly prolonged, the percentage of time of stay at the target quadrant was decreased, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of miR-3065-5p was up-regulated, and the expression of IGF-1 mRNA, Bcl-2 mRNA, IGF-1, p-Akt, p-GSK3β and Bcl-2 was down-regulated in the other three groups ( P<0.05). Compared with PND group and Ag-NC group, the postoperative escape latency was significantly prolonged, the percentage of time of stay at the target quadrant was decreased, the number of crossing the original platform was reduced, the expression of miR-3065-5p was up-regulated, and the expression of IGF-1 mRNA, Bcl-2 mRNA, IGF-1, p-Akt, p-GSK3β and Bcl-2 was down-regulated in Ag group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Up-regulation of miR-3065-5p can inhibit the activation of IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which might be one of the mechanisms of PND developed in mice.

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether MRI fusion technology (combined T2-weighted imaging [T2WI] and fat-suppressed T2WI [T2WI-(FS)]) improves signal differences between anal fistulas and surrounding structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 patients with confirmed diagnoses of anal fistula were retrospectively studied. All available T2WI and T2WI-(FS) images for each patient were used to generate fusion image (T2WI-(Fusion)) based on the addition of gray values obtained from each pixel via an MR post-processing work station. The discriminability of fistula, perianal sphincter, and perianal fat in T2WI, T2WI-(FS), and T2WI-(Fusion) images was quantified with Fisher's scoring algorithm. For subjective visual image assessment by researchers, five-point scale scores were determined using a modified double-stimulus continuous quality-scale test to evaluate T2WI-(FS), T2WI, enhanced axial three-dimensional-volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (3D-VIBE), and T2WI-(Fusion) sequence images. The differences were subsequently compared. RESULTS: Mean Fisher scores for fistulas vs. sphincters obtained from T2WI-(Fusion) (F(Fusion-fistula) = 6.56) were significantly higher than those from T2WI (F(T2WI-fistula) = 3.35) (p = 0.001). Mean Fisher scores for sphincters vs. fat from T2WI-(Fusion) (F(Fusion-sphincter) = 10.84) were significantly higher than those from T2WI-(FS) (FS(FS-sphincter) = 2.57) (p = 0.001). In human assessment, T2WI-(Fusion) showed the same fistula discriminability as T2WI-(FS), and better sphincter discriminability than T2WI. Overall, T2WI-(Fusion) showed better discriminability than T2WI, T2WI-(FS), and enhanced 3D-VIBE images. CONCLUSION: T2WI and T2WI-(FS) fusion technology improves signal differences between anal fistulas and surrounding structures, and may facilitate better evaluation of anal fistulas and sphincters.
Anal Canal ; Diagnosis ; Fistula ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rectal Fistula ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To compare the effects of intensive and standard blood pressure control on the outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke in the anterior circulation who have successfully recanalized after endovascular therapy (EVT).Methods:A multicenter, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomized controlled design was used. Patients with anterior circulation stroke received EVT and successfully recanalized in Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University and several branch hospitals from July 2020 to October 2022 were prospectively included. They were randomly divided into the intensive blood pressure control group (target systolic blood pressure [SBP] 100-120 mmHg) or the standard blood pressure control group (target SBP 121-140 mmHg). The blood pressure of both groups needs to achieve the target within 1 h and maintain for 72 h. The primary outcome endpoint was outcome at 90 d, and the good outcome was defined as a score of 0-2 on the modified Rankin Scale. Secondary outcome endpoints included early neurological improvement, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) within 24 h, and death and serious adverse events within 90 d.Results:A total of 120 patients were included, including 63 in the intensive blood pressure control group and 57 in the standard blood pressure control group. There was no statistically significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The SBP at 72 h after procedure was 122.7±8.1 mmHg in the intensive blood pressure control group and 130.2±7.4 mmHg in the standard blood pressure control group, respectively. There were no significantly differences in the good outcome rate (54.0% vs. 54.4%; χ2=0.002, P=0.963), the early neurological improvement rate (45.2% vs. 34.5%; χ2=1.367, P=0.242), the incidence of sICH (6.3% vs. 3.5%; P=0.682), mortality (7.9% vs. 14.0%; χ2=1.152, P=0.283) and the incidence of serious adverse events (12.7% vs. 15.8%; χ2=0.235, P=0.628) at 90 d between the intensive blood pressure control group and the standard blood pressure control group. Conclusion:In patients with anterior circulation stroke and successful revascularization of EVT, early intensive blood pressure control don’t improve clinical outcomes and reduce the incidence of sICH.

Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang with a definite clinical effect has been widely used and recorded since the Han Dynasty. As a classic prescription of Chaihu classic formula praised by doctors ofsuccessive generations， it has been included in the Ancient Classic Prescription Catalogue （Second Batch）： Han Medicine published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in August 2023. We carried out a bibliometric study involved 34 ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine， with 37 records including the name and composition of the prescription. This paper summarizes the source name， composition， original medicinal plant， dose， preparation method， usage， ancient and modern indications， and clinical application of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang. The results of textual research show that Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang is derived from the Treatise on Febrile Diseases （Shanghanlun） written by ZHANG Zhongjing in the Han dynasty， and the original plants of medicines in this prescription are basically the same in ancient and modern times. Most records about the doses in ancient books are consistent with those in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases （Shanghanlun）. The efficacy of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang is to harmonize lesser yang and resolve water retention by warming. This prescription was used to treat a variety of diseases， especially those caused by disturbance of Qi movement in the greater Yang and lesser Yang. It is now mainly used to treat the diseases in the digestive system， respiratory system， dermatology， nervous system， etc.， being effective for difficult and complicated diseases. Through the excavation and combing of the ancient records of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang， this paper clarifies the key information， providing a reference for the clinical application of classical prescriptions and the development of new drugs.