Objective To establish a method for the content determination of baicalin in Jian' er Xiaosi Oral Liquid.Method A HPLC method was adopted.The chromatography conditions were as follows:Prodigy ODS(150 mm? 4.6 mm,5 ? m)served as stationary phase and methanol-water-glacial acetic acid(v/v,47:53:1.5)as mobile phase,the detection wavelength was 280 nm,column temperature 35 ℃ and flow rate 1.2 mL/min.Results The amount of inlet baicalin had a good linearity with the response value of peak area in the range of 0.284～ 3.540 ? g,r=0.999 9.The average recovery of baicalin was 100.33 % and RSD was 0.58 %(n=6).Conclusion This method is simple,rapid,reliable,reproducible,and can be used for the quality control of Jian' er Xiaosi Oral Liquid.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the therapeutic effect,adversere reactions and cost-effectiveness between granisetron and ondansetron in preventing nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy.METHODS:Using pharmacoeconomic co_st-effectiveness analysis,the relevant therapeutic indices were evaluated.RESULTS:The effective rates of granisetron in preventing nausea and vomiting were 83.6% and 86.8% with an average cost of 210.48 yuans in a therapeutic couse,the cost-ef_fective ratio being 251.77 and 242.37,and those of ondansetron were 72.9% and 83.7% with an average cost of 381.35 yuans,the cost-effective ratio being 523.11 and 456.62.CONCLUSION:Granisetron can effectively prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy,and its cost-effective ratio is superior to that of ondansetron.

Objective To explore the method to relieve fingertip pain in monitoring fingertip blood glucose.Methods A total of 130 newly admitted patients with type 2 diabetes received glucose monitoring 6 times daily at different time points.Blood sampling was taken from different sites including the central and top of middle finger pulp,central and side of ring finger pulp,top of middle finger with pressing the acupoint of Hegu at the same time or pressing acupoint of Hegu for 1 minute before blood taking.Pain degree was assessed by numeric rating scale after blood glucose taking.Pain scores were compared among the different methods.Results There were significant differences in pain scores between different methods (x2 =164.83,P＜0.05).Pain score was higher in sampling blood on the side of ring finger pulp,while the proportion of subjects with mild pain after pressing Hegu was increased significantly.There were significant differences in pain scores between subjects with versus without pressing Hegu (all P＜0.05).Pain degree was reduced more significantly by pressing Hegu for 1 minute before blood taking than pressing Hegu at the same time of sampling blood,and the former had a higher proportion of subjects with only mild pain than the latter (x2 =10.44,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in pain scores between the other methods (all P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Pressing Hegu can effectively reduce fingertip pain in fingertip blood glucose monitoring,and pressing Hegu for 1 minute before blood taking is more effective.

Objective: To establish the method for determination of taurocholic acid in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Shedanchuanbei Oral Liquid and snake bile. Methods: The sample was prepared as mixed solution containing methanol and KH 2PO 4. The mixed solution was injected into Sep Pak C 18 cartridge for the purpose of sample purity. In this processing, the substances which having strong retain action and could harm analytic column were hold in the Sep Pak C 18 cartridge. The eluting solution that the Sep Pak C 18 cartridge had be over loading for taurocholic acid was used as the test solution. The test solution was measured by RP HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were as followed: Supelcosil LC 8 column(150mm?4.6nm,5?m) as analytic column, detect wavelength at 203nm, and MeOH 0.4%KH 2PO 4 mixed solution(56∶44, V/V ) as mobile phase. The inject volume was 50?L. Results: The linear response range of sodium taurocholate was from 0.0253mg?mL -1 to 0.253mg?mL -1 , and the correlation coefficient was 0.9999. The average recovery rate was 101.3%, RSD was 0.40%( n =6). Conclusion: This method was simple, efficient and suitable to the quality control for Shedanchuanbei Oral Liquid and snake bile.

Objective To evaluate the effect of situational health education in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods A total of 98 patients with type 2 diabetes was randomly assigned to the control(n=49)and the study group(n=49).The control group received conventional diabetes education,while the study group received situational health education.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour plasma glucose (2 hPG),HbAlc and the self-care behaviors were observed at baseline and 1-year after the intervention.Paired t test was used for data analysis.Results FPG,2hPG,HbA1c and self-care behavior scores were not significantly different between the two group at baseline.After 1-year intervention,FPG,2hPG and HbA1c of the two groups were significantly decreased,and FPG,2hPG and HbA1c of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(t values were 2.71,3.35 and 2.90,respectively; all P＜ 0.05).In comparison with the control group,self-care scores of the study group were increased(t values were 7.36,6.51,5.24,5.07,6.57 and 6.77,respectively; all P＜0.05).Conclusion Situational health education could improve self-management and glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To investigate the relationship between NF-?B activation and the expression of metastasis correlation factors.Methods The expression of NF-?B,COX-2,ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and MMP9 in colorectal cancer and normal tissues was detected using Western blotting.Results(1)The expression level of NF-?B was higher in cancer tissues than that in normal tissues(P

Objective　To detect malaria DNA in mosquitoes. Methods　A nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) procedure which amplifies a 121 bp DNA of a SSUrRNA gene specific to Plasmodium vivax was used. Results　In laboratory-infected mosquitoes, nested PCR could detect as few as 3 sporozoites or 1 infected mosquito mixed in a group of 99 normal ones. Furthermore, no specific 121?bp band was seen with DNA templates from other malaria parasites or negative mosquitoes. Conclusion　Sensitivity and specificity obtained indicated an advantage of the nested PCR over DNA probes or direct PCR for the detection of Plasmodium vivax sporozoites in mosquitoes with low-grade parasitic infections.

Objective To evaluate the effect of obesity on the potency of propofol for sedation.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes, aged 35-55 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ , scheduled for elective operation under general anesthesia, were enrolled in the study.The patients were divided into 2 groups (n=30 each) according to the body mass index (BMI) : normal body weight (BMI ＜ 25 kg/m2) group (group C) and obesity (BMI 30-40 kg/m2) group (group O).No patients received premedication.Propofol was given by target-controlled infusion.The initial target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 1.2 μg/ml.After the target concentration was steadily maintained for 30 s, it was increased in 0.3 μg/ml increment until the patients lost consciousness (OAA/S score =1).The target plasma concentration of propofol was recorded during each period.The median effective concentration (EC50) and 95％ confidence interval of propofol for loss of consciousness was calculated using probit analysis.Results The EC50 and 95％ confidence interval of propofol for loss of consciousness were 3.82 (3.73-3.90) and 3.29 (3.20-3.37) μg/ml in group C and group O, respectively.Compared with group C, the EC50 was significantly decreased in group O (P＜0.05).Conclusion Obesity can enhance the potency of propofol for sedation.

Objective To discuss the value of combining secretin-enhanced MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and conventional MRI in the evaluation of chronic pancreatitis (CP).Methods Seventeen normal volunteers,and 36 patients with CP were enrolled in this study.Thick slab two dimension MRCP sequence,coronal T2 weighted sequence and conventional MRI were performed on all subjects.The changes of pancreatic ducts were observed before and after the injection of secretin.The exocrine function of the pancreas was evaluated using duodenal filling (DF) grades.Pancreatic parenchyma was reflected by signal intensity ratio (SIR) between the pancreas and the left psoas muscle on MR plain scan,and the ratio between the pancreatic substance phase and portal phase (A/V) of MR enhanced scan.All subjects were classified based on Cambridge classification and DF grades.The SIR and A/V were compared between all groups of Cambridge classification using the one-way ANOVA test,and between two groups of DF grades using Student's t test.Correlations between Cambridge classifications,DF grades and SIR,A/V were tested using Spearman rank correlation coefficients.Results After secretin injection,the visualization of all portions of the main pancreatic ducts and branch ducts were significantly improved in all subjects.Ten minutes after secretin injection,17 volunteers showed grade 3.Grade 3,2 and 1 were seen in 23,8,5 patients,respectively.Mild,moderate and severe CP by Cambridge classification showed in 11,12,13 patients,respectively.The mean SIR values of the volunteers and the three groups were 1.21 ± 0.19,1.07 ±0.21,0.98 ± 0.21 and 0.85 ± 0.18,respectively; the mean A/V values:1.15 ± 0.11,1.23 ± 0.34,0.97 ± 0.16 and 0.91 ± 0.12.There was statistically significant difference of SIR and A/V (F =8.72 and 7.72,P ＜0.01) between volunteers and CP.Normal and abnormal DF were seen in 40 and 13 patients.The mean SIR values of the two groups were 1.09 ± 0.20 and 0.88 ± 0.27 ; the mean A/V values:1.15 ± 0.11 and 0.94 ± 0.30.There was statistically significant difference of SIR and A/V (t =3.10 and -2.40,P ＜ 0.01) between two groups.There were correlations between Cambridge classification,DF grades and SIR (r =0.60 and 0.41,P＜0.01),A/V (r =0.60 and 0.52,P＜0.01).Conclusion Secretin-enhanced MRCP combined with conventional MRI can be used to evaluate CP regarding changes of morphology and function,which can provide a useful reference for the clinical diagnosis.

[Objective]To study the dental status,the development of jaw and the size of sella turcica of children with ectoder-mal dysplasia(ED).[Methods]Panaramic radiography and lateral cephalograms of six ED individuals(age range of 6~7 years,five males and one female)were obtained. The dental status was record. 17 measurements about the jaws and the sella turcica were mea-sured and compare them to Chinese children without ED syndrome.[Results]The mean number of missing teeth was 22.3 in perma-nent dentition and 16.2 in primary dentition;The teeth that most likely to absent were permanent lateral incisor ,maxillary first premo-lar,maxillary primary lateral incisor and mandibular primary central incisor,and all remaining teeth are in conical shape. Lateral cephalometric measurements showed that all ED subjects had lower ANS-Ptm,which suggested a short maxilla. Low Co-Po,ANB, NA-PA,N-Me,N-ANS and ANS-Me values that were found in all subjects,as well as low SNA,Y-axis,MP-FH,S-Co,and high SNB,NP-FH,NP-FH that were noted in some subjects showed counterclockwise rotation and protrusion of mandible with short-er length in ED subjects. Some subjects had low ANS-Me/N-Me × 100%and high N-ANS/N-Me × 100%,representing a short facial height. Five cases represented lower length and diameter of sella turcica;two cases showed lower depth of sella turcica ,indicating the abnormal development of sella turcica.[Conclusion]The results of this study suggest that the dentition ,jaws and sella turcica in ED children differs when compared to individuals without this syndrome.