[Objective]To investigate the therapeutic results of grafting with bioactive glass and autologous bone marrow for simple bone cyst in teenagers. [Method]From April 2005 to October 2007,16 teenagers with simple bone cyst were reported.There were ten males and six females with a mean age of 18.5 years(range 12 to 30 years).Eight cysts were in the proximal humerus,five in the proximal femur,two in the proximal tibial and one in the distal end of radius.Lining of cavity was removed thoroughly with a curet.The cyst cavity was filled with the mixtures of 45s bioactive glass and autogenous red bone marrow.Five cases of pathologic fracture were fixed with steel plate or intramedullary nail.[Result]All 16 cases of cysts were ossified radiolo gically within six months,with an average time to syst healing of 18 week.A follow-up of 6 to 32 months(mean 18 months) showed satisfactory healing without complications.[Conclusion]The combined grafting with bioactive glass and autologous bone marrow appears to be an effective and simple treatment for simple bone cyst in teenagers.

Objective To establish a new method for determination of Pb and Cd in sewage.Methods The contents of Pb and Cd in sewage were simultaneously determined by linear sweep anodic stripping voltammetry in0.1mol/L HCl -0.1mol/L KCl solution.Results The peak potentials of Pb and Cd appeared at-588mV and-780mV respectively.The recovery rates and precisions(RSD%)of Pb and Cd were90.0%-110.0%,91%-109.5%and0.41%-4.24%,0.56%-7.03%respectively.The lin-ear range of Pb and Cd was0.005-0.2mg /L.Conclusion This method could be applied for determination of Pb and Cd in sewage.

Objective To explore the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of intrabepatic biliary cystadenocarcinoma (IBC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 17 patients with pathologically confirmed IBC, treated between January 2002 and September 2007. Results Of the 17 patients, 4 were men and 13 were women, with a mean age of 49.3 years (range 45 -68). Serum level of AFP was normal in all patients. CA19-9 was abnormally elevated in only two patients and the other two had abnormal serum level of CEA. Seven cases underwent radical resection, 7 underwent complete tumor resection combined with removal of tumor thrombi in the bile duct, 3 received palliative surgery. On histopathological examination, 10 were biliary cystadenocarcinoma,2 were biliary cystadenoma with partial eanceration,2 were papillary cystadenocarcinoma,2 were mutinous papillary cystadenocarcinoma and 1 was of mixed cystadenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. According to tumor differentiation, the number of well, moderate and poor-differentiated group was 7, 3 and 7 cases respectively. The medality of surgery (β= - 0.692, P = 0.01) and tumor differentiation (β = - 2.041, P = 0.007) effected the prognosis significantly. Conclusions IBC occurs mainly in elderly women. CA19-9 examination does not help in the establishment of diagnosis of IBC. The occurrence of tumor thrombosis in common bile duct doesn't necessarily indicate poor prognosis, hence a IBC patient will still have a satisfactory prognosis should the primary tumor be completely resected and tumor thrombi removed.

Objective To investigate the effects of Astragalus Polysaccharide (for intravenous injection) in stimulating the secretion of hematopoietic growth factors from activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods Human PBMC were isolated from concentrated leukocytes and were cultured with Astragalus Polysaccharide. Hematopoietic growth factors such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Astragalus Polysaccharide stimulated G-CSF and GM-CSF formation in a dose-dependent and a dose-effect and time-dependent manner. Conclusion Astragalus Polysaccharide can stimulate the secretion of hematopoietic growth factors from activated human PBMC, indicating its clinical application for leukocytopoiesis.

Objective To investigate the effect of reinforced Decoction of Angelicae Sinensis for enriching blood (RDAEB) on the immunity of immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy). Methods Mice were given RDAEB through stomach perfusion for 10 d(50 mg/d). Then, RBC-C3bR rate,RBC-IC rate( as the indexes of erythrocyte immunity)and E-rosette forming rate,acidic α-naphthyl acetate esterase positive rate, lymphocyte transformation rate (as the indexes of cellular immunity) of mice were tested.Results RBC-C3Br rate, RBC-IC rate,E-rosette forming rate, acidic α-naphthyl acetate esterase positive rate and lymphocyte transformation rate in the Cy-RDAEB group were markedly higher than those in the Cy group (P＜0. 01 ),and returned to the levels of normal group. Conclusion RDAEB is effective in recovering and enhancing cellular and erythrocyte immunity of immunosuppressed mice.

Objective To study the correlation between serum level of antiendothelial cells auto-antibodies (AECA) and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) and the roles in the pathogenesis of Behcet′s disease (BD). Methods Thirty two BD patients were randomly selected from our outpatients and inpatients. Thirty-three healthy controls were studied in parallel. AECA/ACA were examined by indirect immunoflourescence technique and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively, IgG-AECA and IgM-AECA antibodies were detected, too. Results The positivity rates of AECA, IgG-AECA and IgM-AECA in BD patients were 81.3%, 71.9% and 53.1%, respectively. Increased serum AECA levels were observed in all BD patients compared with those of normal controls. There was some significant positive correlation in the positivity rate of AECA between erythema nodosum, nodular vasculitis and rapid erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The positivity rate of ACA was 53.1%, A significant difference in the positivity rate of ACA compared with those of normal controls. Neither of these two kinds antibodies was significantly correlated with oral ulcers, clinical manifestations of skin and external genital organ, anemia or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Conclusion The detection of AECA level is useful to identify cutaneous vasculitis and the activity of disease in BD, but the value of ACA in the diagnosis of the condition of BD needs further study. [

Some non treatment variables that affect the outcome of a disease are often called covariates. These covariables should be considered in the design and analysis of clinical trials to obtain unbias conclusion. To ensure that any observed treatment effect is not influenced by an imbalances in baseline characteristics, both preadjustment and postadjustment are provided in the design stage and analysis stage of the trials respectively. They can improve the credibility of the trial results and increase the statistical efficiency. Based on a few papers published about adjustment for covariates and some documentations of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH), we review the concepts, methods and procedures for adjustment of treatment effects for the influence of covariates. The statistical issues on the application of adjustment are especially discussed in great depth.

Objective To evalute the accuracy of stroke volume variation (SVV) in monitoring blood volume in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods Twenty-one ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes aged 44-77 yr undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,etomidate,fentanyl,rocuronium and dolicaine and maintained with target-controlled infusion of propofol,infusion of remifentanil,intermittent iv injetion of atracurium and inhalation of sevoflurane.The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8 ml/kg,RR 12 bpm,I:E 1:2,PEEP 0,FiO2 80％ ).PEr CO2 was maintained at 35-44 mm Hg.Radial artery was cannulated and connected to FloTrac pressure transducer and Vigileo monitor.6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride solution 7 ml/kg was infused at a rate of 0.25 ml· kg- 1 1· min- 1 at 5 min of haemodynamics stabilization after pericardiotomy (T1).HR,MAP,CVP,systemic vascular resistance (SVR),systemic vascular nesistance index (SVRI),SVV,stroke volume index (SVI)and CI were recorded at T1 and at 10 min after loading dose (T2).The change rate of HR(△HR),MAP(△MAP),CVP(△CVP),SVR(△SVR),SVV(△SVV),SVI(△SVI) and CI(△CI) were calculated.△SVI≥25％ was considered effective volume expansion.The ROC curves for HR,MAP,CVP,SVR and SVV in determining the volume expansion efficacy were plotted.The area under the curves and 95 ％ confidence interval were calculated.Results Compared with T1,CVP,SVI,CO and CI were significantly increased,SVRI and SVV decreased at T2 (P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in MAP and HR between T1 and T2(P ＞0.05).△SVI was negatively correlated with △HR and △SVR ( r =- 0.737,r =- 0.480,P ＜ 0.05).△SVI was not correlated with △CVP,△MAP and( P ＞ 0.05).The change in SVI was determined by SVV 8.8％ (sensitivity =52.6％,specificity =100.0％ ).The area under the curve for SVV and 95％ confidence interval were 0.579(0.346-0.812).Conclusion SVV can not be used to accuratelymonitor the changes in blood volume in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.