Objective To explore the relationship between Lp (a)level and age,gender in Nanjing area.Methods 8 442 ser-um specimens from examination individuals were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in 2014.Lp (a)was measured by immune turbidimetry method.All the subjects were divided into six groups:15~29,30~44, 45~59,60~69,70~79 and ≥80 years old.SPSS21.0 software was used to carry out statistics.Results The Lp(a)level in female [134±197 mg/L (M±QR,the same below)]was higher than that in male significantly (U =8 355 137,P <0.001). LP (a)levels from people of different sex correlated with the age weakly (r =0.154,P <0.001),and increased with age groups.Lp(a)of six groups in male were 106.5± 151.0,119.0± 170.0,128.0± 179.0,159.0±206.0,145.0±200.0 and 162.0± 190.0 mg/L respectively.The difference was statistically significant between between 1 and 2 groups,2 and 3 groups,3 and 4 groups,theU value were 645 152.5,1 006 572.0,197 595.0 respectively;P all<0.05.The difference was not statistically significant between 4 and 5 groups,5 and 6 groups,3 and 4 groups,theU value were 59 127.0 and 15 959.5 respectively,P >0.05.Lp(a)of six groups in female were 128.0 ± 194.0,128.0 ± 187.0,139.0 ± 207.0,157.0 ± 228.0, 173.5±227.0 and 150.0±201.0 mg/L.The difference was statistically significant between 2 and 3 groups,theU value was 641 147,P =0.006,respectively.The difference was not statistically significant between 1 and 2 groups,3 and 4 groups,4 and 5 groups,5 and 6 groups,theU value were 783 676,92 442.5,16 069.5 and 3 038,respectively;P all>0.05.Conclusion Lp (a)level in healthy population in Nanjing area is related to gender and age groups,it is necessary to establish different reference ranges.

The mandibular canine usually has a single-root with a single canal.A case of a Hui nationality patient who has a mandibular ca-nine with two root canals is reported in this paper.

Objective To evaluate and conpare the immediate and long-term results of bronchial artery embolization(BAE) with different embolic agents for treating bronchiectasis accompaneid by massive hemoptysis.Methods BAE was undertaken in 32 patients with hemoptysis.Particles of PVA or gelatin sponge were used separately as embolic agents.Immediate and long-term results were evaluated separately by the different embolic agents. Results BAE was taken in 32 patients with hemoptysis dividing into two groups with 16 for each group alternatively received GS or PVA.One patient had recurrence at the 3rd day of BAE.29 patients were followed up and 8 of them had recurrent hemoptysis including 7 embolized with GS,and 1 PVA.Conclusions As embolic agents to treat bronchiectasis with massive hemoptysis,the effect of PVA is better than that of GS.500 ?m PVA is the best of choice.

Objective To investigate the effects of hemolysis on glycated albumin (GA) determined by ketoamine oxidase method and its correction.Methods GA concentration and hemolytic parameter(optical density,A) in non-hemolytic serum and different degree hemolytic serum samples were measured.The impact of hemolysis on GA and the relationship between hemolysis and GA were analysed.A formula was developed to correct the interference of hemolysis on GA measurement using regressive Multiple analysis.Results Compared with non-hemolytic serum,hemolysis resulted in the significantly decreased concentrations of GA detected by ketoamine oxidase method(P ＜ 0.01),which were significantly associated with the degree of hemolysis (R2 =0.943 4).Y and Z represented GA concentration of non-hemolytic serum and different degree hemolytic serum,while X represented optical density of hemolytic parameter.Formulas for GA measurement were presented:Y =2.468X + Z-0.015 73,GA concentrations of hemolytic samples can be reverted to the values without statistical difference from the GA concentration in corresponding non-hemolytic samples.The bias of corrected GA was less than 10％.Conclusion Our results indicate that the level of GA measured through ketoamine oxidase method is negatively affected by hemolysis.The formula of mathematical correction of GA results in hemolytic samples should be suitable for the requirements of clinical laboratory.

Objective To quantifying the urine human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)DNA from the HCMV infection infants and its corresponding liver function indications,and investigate the relationship between their concentrations.Methods The u-rine samples were collected from HCMV infection infants.HCMV DNA was measured by fluorescence quantitative polymer-ase chain reaction (FQ-PCR).Serum ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,T-Bil and D-Bil liver function indications were detected and the positive rate was analyzed,simultaneously.The correlation between the logarithm urine HCMV DNA (log HCMV DNA) concentration and ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,T-Bil and D-Bil were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results The dis-tribution range ofurine log HCMV DNA in 444 HCMV infection infants was <2.70~7.90;the positive rate of serum ALT, AST,ALP,GGT,T-Bil and D-Bil were 24.8%,59.0%,95.7%,31.1%,16.7% and 16.3%,respectively.The urine log HC-MV DNA was associated with GGT and the correlation coefficient was 0.099 (P < 0.05),but no associated with ALT, AST,ALP,T-Bil and D-Bil.Conclusion The positive rate of liver function indications will rise in HCMV infection infants, the urine log HCMV DNA was associated with GGT,but not associated with other liver function indications.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efifcacy of sorafenib in preventing the recurrence of primary liver cancer after radical surgery. Methods Seventy patients with primary liver cancer undergoing radical surgery in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between June 2009 and June 2012 were enrolled in this prospective study. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval had been received. According to different postoperative therapies, the patients were divided into the sorafenib group (n=24) and control group (n=46). In the sorafenib group, there were 22 males and 2 females with a mean age of (48±10) years. A dose of 400 mg sorafenib was orally administered twice daily for consecutive 6 months. In the control group, there were 40 males and 6 females with a mean age of (48±11) years. The patients were orally administered with placebo. All patients received postoperative follow-up. Postoperative recurrence rate, survival rate and drug-induced adverse reactions were observed. Postoperative recurrence rate and incidence of adverse reactions of two groups were compared using Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test. Postoperative survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plot and Log-rank test. Results In the sorafenib group, the 1-, 2-and 3-year recurrence rates were 25%(6/24), 42%(10/24), 50%(12/24) respectively, and 28%(13/46), 46%(21/46), 53%(25/46) respectively in the control group. No signiifcant difference was observed between two groups (χ2=0.020, 0.102, 0.120;P>0.05). The 1-, 2-and 3-year cumulative survival rates in the sorafenib group were 95.83%, 87.50%and 70.83%, and no signiifcant difference was observed compared with 91.30%, 82.61%and 63.04%in the control group (χ2=0.078, P>0.05). In the sorafenib group, the incidence of hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, hypertension and erythema were 42%(10/24), 29%(7/24), 21%(5/24) and 25%(6/24), which were signiifcantly higher compared with 7%(3/46), 7%(3/46), 2%(1/46) and 4%(2/46) in the control group (χ2=10.663, 4.885, 4.828, 4.762;P<0.05). Conclusion Sorafenib can neither decrease postoperative recurrence of peimary liver cancer after radical surgery nor enhance the overall survival rate.

Cholecystectomy is currently the most important surgical treatment for gallbladder disease, however, the complications of cholecystectomy, especially the occurrence of intestinal tumors has gradually aroused attention of scholars. In recent years, scholars have found that bile acid metabolism changes significantly after cholecystectomy, which may be the main cause of colorectal cancer induction, but the specific mechanism of colorectal cancer induced by cholecystectomy has not been clarified. In this article, the changes of bile acid metabolism after cholecystectomy (the size and composition of bile acid pool) and the mechanism of colorectal cancer induction after cholecystectomy were summarized and discussed based on the research progress at home and abroad, aiming at providing theoretical basis for the exploration of the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Biyuan Tongqiao granule combined with triamcinolone acetonide spray in the treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis .Methods A total of 106 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Anji County from February 2015 to February 2017 were selected as study objects .According to different treatment plan , the patients were randomly divided into the control group and the combined group , with 53 cases in each group .The control group received triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray 220μg, 1 time/d, one week later , the dosage adjusted to 110μg, 1 time/d.The combined group was given Biyuan Tongqiao granules 15 g,three times /d on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The clinical efficacy,SONT -20,VAS score,paranasal sinus CT score and incidence rate of adverse reaction were analyzed before and after treatment in the two groups .Results The total effective rate of the combined group was 94.34％,which was higher than 81.13％ of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.296,P=0.038).The SNOT-20,VAS and Lund-Mackey sinus CT score in the combined group were better than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=7.661,9.189,7.183, 9.269,10.470,all P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the two groups was 7.55％,the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =0.000,P =1.000).Conclusion Biyuan Tongqiao granule combined with triamcinolone acetonide spray in the treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis can improve the clinical efficacy and reduce pain of patients ,it is worthy of popularization and promotion in clinical .

Human challenge trial (HCT) is a test in which human volunteers are intentionally infected with pathogens in order to evaluate the efficacy of candidate preventive or therapeutic drugs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the HCT of vaccines has aroused people's attention due to its significant advantages over clinical trial. This paper introduces the concept, development and application of HCT, the advantages and limitations of HCT for vaccine evaluation, and the consideration of future HCT of COVID-19 vaccine in China.

Parthenogenetic embryonic stem (pES) cells isolated from parthenogenetic activation of oocytes and embryos, also called parthenogenetically induced pluripotent stem cells, exhibit pluripotency evidenced by both in vitro and in vivo differentiation potential. Differential proteomic analysis was performed using differential in-gel electrophoresis and isotope-coded affinity tag-based quantitative proteomics to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the developmental pluripotency of pES cells and to compare the protein expression of pES cells generated from either the in vivo-matured ovulated (IVO) oocytes or from the in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes with that of fertilized embryonic stem (fES) cells derived from fertilized embryos. A total of 76 proteins were upregulated and 16 proteins were downregulated in the IVM pES cells, whereas 91 proteins were upregulated and 9 were downregulated in the IVO pES cells based on a minimal 1.5-fold change as the cutoff value. No distinct pathways were found in the differentially expressed proteins except for those involved in metabolism and physiological processes. Notably, no differences were found in the protein expression of imprinted genes between the pES and fES cells, suggesting that genomic imprinting can be corrected in the pES cells at least at the early passages. The germline competent IVM pES cells may be applicable for germ cell renewal in aging ovaries if oocytes are retrieved at a younger age.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Mice ; Parthenogenesis ; physiology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; methods