Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Rhinitis ; drug therapy ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy

Objective To study the association between clinical symptoms,psychosomatic factors and autonomic nervous function in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods Thirty-four patients with GERD diagnosed by reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ) and endoscopy and 15 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study.All the subjects were divided into two groups,one with normal scores of Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Zung's depression scale (SDS) as GERD (-) and the other with abnormal scores of SAS and SDS as GERD (+).Reflux symptom score was recorded for both groups at the same time.Autonomic nervous function was assessed by their heart rate variability (HRV) on dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG).The time domain parameters analyzed included standard deviation (SD) of average R-R interval during 24 hours (SDNN),SD of average 5-minute sinus heart rate (SDANN),mean square root of the difference of adjoining two R-R interval (rMSSD),and proportion of the heart beats with difference of R-R interval more than 50 ms from the total heart beats (PNN 50),and the frequency domain parameters analyzed included low-frequency (LF),high-frequency (HF) and ratio of LF to HF.Results Average scores of SAS and SDS were significantly higher in patients with GERD than those in healthy controls (48?9 vs 38?6 and 48?11 vs 41?6,respectively,P

Objective To investigate the effect of radiation on the expressions of RANKL and OPG in osteoblasts in order to disclose the molecular mechanism of bone injury induced by ionizing radiation.Methods The osteoblasts were differentiated from MC3T3-E1 cells.After 2 or 4 Gy137 Cs γ-irradiation,the mRNA and protein expression levels of RANKL and OPG of osteoblast precursor and osteoblast were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot.Results The expressions of RANKL mRNA (t=5.41,P＜0.05)and protein(t=68.37,P＜0.01)were up-regulated after 4 Gy irradiation,while the expressions of OPG mRNA(t=5.20,7.02,P＜0.05)and protein(t=7.78,9.45,P＜0.05)were down-regulated after 2 and 4 Gy irradiation.Conclusions 2 and 4 Gy ionizing radiation alters RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in osteoblasts,which may promote the osteoclast differentiation and maturation and hence promote bone resorption of osteoclasts.

Objective To discuss the method and skill of prenatal diagnosis of fetal isolated pulmonary stenosis and thus to improve prenatal diagnostic ability. Methods The data of 18 fetuses diagnosed as isolated pulmonary stenois were reviewed and the ultrasonic characters of each section were analysised. Results Five of the 18 cases were confirmed as pulmonary stenosis by autopsy and 12 cases were confirmed by echocardiography after birth. One case was confirmed as pulmonary atresia by echocardiography after birth. Reversed blood flow in arterial duct was detected at the ductal arch section in all the cases and right atrial enlargement,right ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, tricuspid regurgitation, foramen ovale enlargement, reduced activity of foramen ovale valve were detected in partial cases. Conclusions It is important that reversed blood flow in arterial duct and in the two main artery could be observed at the ductal arch section and the three vessel section respectively. Ductal arch section,ventricular outflow tracts section and the three vessel section are very important in the diagnosis of fetal isolated pulmonary stenosis.

Objective Cancer radio-therapy may induce bone damage of the patients.collagen type I gene expressions in osteoblast after radiation indicates the influence of radiation on the function of early and late osteoblast.Methods Bone marrow stromal cells were differentiated into osteoblasts in vitro.and the characteristics was indentified.The collagen type I expressions in early and late stage osteoblasts exposed to 1～4Gy radiation were examined by RT-PCR.Results Compared to control group,collagen type I gene expressions increased in early osteoblast after 1～3 Gy radiation (P＜0.05),while the gene expressions in late osteoblast that cultured 10 days decreased.Collagen type I gene expression in late stage ostoblast after 4 Gy irradiation was greatly higher than that in early stage osteoblast (P＜0.01).Conclusion After 1～3 Gy irradiation,the collagen type I expression in early osteoblast was enhanced,indicating the increased ability of bone formation.The exposure to 1～3 Gy decreased collagen type I expression in late osteoblast and weakened the ability of bone formation.The result of high expression of collagen type I in late osteoblast after 4 Gy irradiation may be the manifestation of compensatory function.

AIM: To study the role of TGF-?/Smad pathway in the development of renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy.METHODS: Rats were induced to diabetic nephropathy by using tail intravenous injection of STZ.The expression of TGF-?_1,Smad2/3 protein and mRNA in kidney were examined at 2,4,8 and 16 weeks after STZ induction.CTGF,collagen-Ⅲ,PAI-1 mRNA expression in kidney at 16 weeks of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy and normal rats were studied by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Weak TGF-?_1,Smad2/3 protein were detected in normal renal tissues while strong TGF-?_1,Smad2/3 staining were observed in renal tissues of diabetic nephropathy(0.057?0.030/0.223?0.040;0.017?0.010/0.153?0.010,respectively,P

Objective To study the biocompatibility of silk fibroin/poly L-lactic acid (SF/PLLA) non-woven network,a kind of new composite tissue engineering nanomaterials,and to explore its possibility as the biological implant materials.Methods The PLLA non-woven network was prepared by electrostatic spinning.Physiological saline as control,the leaching solution was prepared and injected into the mice,then the mice were observed for 2 weeks.The materials were implanted into the back of the mice,and 3-0 suture was used as control.Tissues were collected at 1,2,3,and 4 weeks after operation,dyed by HE staining and then the photos were taken.The tissue reactions in experimental group and control group were observed.The rabbit knee joint cartilage cells were cultured,and then subculture cells were seeded to the surface of materials.After cultured invitro,the adhesion and growth of the cells were observed with inverted optical microscope.The bioactivities of the rabbit knee joint cartilage cells in negative control group(DMEM culture media),experimental group(DMEM containing materials) and positive control group(DMEM containing phenol solution)were determined by MTT assay after cocultured for 24 and 48 h.Results After injection,the body status of the mice in experimental group was the same to the control group.There were little fibroblasts was and a little of lymphocytes and macrophage cells in the materials which were implanted into the back of the mice at the beginning.Then the number of the fibroblasts was increased, but the number of the lymphocytes and macrophage cells did not change obviously.The materials degraded slowly, and the material degraded obviously at 4 weeks.The inflammation of tissue around the material reduced gradually from the 2nd week.The inflammation of tissue around the material was the same to the suture,and sometimes was slighter than the suture.After sed for 24 h,there were cells attaching to the fibers of the material.More and more cells attached to the fibers.The reasult of MTT assay showed that the cytotoxicities in experimental groups were all on LevelⅠ at 24 and 48 h.Except for positive control group,the A values were increased in other groups with the extended response time.At the same time,there was no significant difference in cytotoxicity between experimental group and negative control group(P>0.05)and the A value in experimental group was higher than that in positive control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The SF/PLLA non-woven network scaffold material has good biological compatibility and safety,it could be used as implant material in tissue engineering.

A protocol for the isolation, purification and culture of motor neurons from newborn rat spinal cord was described and the effect of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the growth of neurite of motor neurons was investigated in vitro. Spinal motor neurons (SMNs) were dissociated from ventral spinal cord of postnatal day 1 rats. The culture system for SMNs was established by density gradient centrifugation, differential adhesion, and use of serum-free defined media and addition of exogenous GDNF. After 72-h culture, the cells displayed the characteristic morphology of motor neurons, exhibited extensive neuritic processes and were positive for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression. The neurite length of SMNs in GDNF groups was significantly longer than that in control group (P<0.05). This protocol can be adapted for various postnatal motor neurons studies.

This study examined the effect of nicotine on the expression of mutant p53 (mt-p53) in bladder cancer rats. The rat models of bladder cancer were established by infusing N-methyl-nitroso-urea (MNU, 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 8 weeks) into the bladder. Pathological examination on the bladder was conducted to confirm the establishment of the model. All the bladder cancer rats were randomly divided into an MNU group and 3 nicotine groups. In the nicotine groups, the rats were intragastrically administered nicotine at different concentrations (25, 15, 5 mg/kg respectively) 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The mt-p53 expression was detected by the immunohistochemical method. The results showed that rat bladder cancer models developed histopathological changes of bladder transitional cell carcinoma. The positive rate of mt-p53 expression in the 3 nicotine groups (25, 15, 5 mg/kg) was 75.00%, 58.33% and 41.67% by the 14th week, respectively, significantly higher than that in the MNU group (33.33%) (all P<0.05). The mt-p53 expression rate was positively correlated with the medication dose and time (P<0.05). It is concluded that nicotine may play an important role in the development of bladder cancer partially by increasing the expression of mt-p53.

Objective To improve the anderstanding of clinical profile of primary plasma cell leukemia.Methods Case report and literature review.Results A rare case of nervous system relapse in primary plasma cell leukemia was reported.Six patients were identified from the literature.The type of immunoglobulin included IgG(3 patients),IgD(2 patients).Clinical manifestations of nervous system were variable.The average interval from initial diagnosis to the development of nervous system relapse was 16.5 months.Plasma cells were found in cerebrospinal fluid in 4 patients.The mean surviaval time was 6.7 months after nervous system relapse.Conlusion Nervous system relapse in primary plasma cell leukemia is rare with poor prognosis.