Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Adult ; Aged ; Altitude ; Echocardiography, Stress ; Female ; Heart Failure ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo screen the relative genes associated with the genesis of kindling epilepsy and the effect of caoguo zhimu decoction (CZD) on these genes.

METHODSmRNA differential display reverse transcription PCR was used to screen differential gene bind, and Northern blotting hybridization was applied to exclude the false positive reaction.

RESULTSThere were as more as 110 differential expression bindings in the normal group, model group and the treated group, among them 11 binds with differential expression only appeared in the model group but not in the normal group and disappeared in the treated group. It indicated that the 11 genes are correlated with the genesis and treatment of kindling epilepsy. By searching in the Gene-bank of NCBI, 7 bindings of the 11 were homologous genes and 4 gene fragments are novel genes with unknown function, which have been registered at the Gene-bank, with the registered numbers of CK325391, CK325392, CK325393, CK325394, respectively, and false positive possibility of 3 novel genes was excluded.

CONCLUSIONCZD has effect in treating kindling epilepsy may be through influencing the expression of partial gene fragments in the hippocampus.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Epilepsy ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Kindling, Neurologic ; genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore evolution rules of phlegm and blood stasis syndrome ( PBSS) in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (AS) using NMR-based metabolic profiling and metabonomic approaches based on formulas corresponding to syndrome.

METHODSTotally 150 SD rats were divided into the normal group, the model group, the Erchen Decoction (ED) group, the Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XZD) group, the Lipitor group, 30 in each group. The hyperlipidemia and AS rat model was duplicated by suturing carotid artery, injecting vitamin D3, and feeding with high fat diet. ED and XZD were used as drug probes. Blood samples were withdrawn at week 2, 4, and 8 after modeling. Blood lipids, blood rheology, histopathology and metabolomics were detected and analyzed. Results Results of blood lipids and pathology showed hyperlipidemia and early AS rat models were successfully established. At week 2 after modeling, levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) significantly increased, which reached the peak at week 4 and maintained at higher levels at week 8. ED exerted obvious effect in improving TC and LDL-C levels of early models, while XZD could greatly improve levels of TC and LDL-C of late models. Rheological results showed at week 2, there was no significant difference in whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, or hematocrit between the model group and the normal group (P > 0.05). At week 4 partial hemorheological indicators (such as plasma viscosity) were abnormal. Till week 8 whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and hematocrit were significantly abnormal (P <0. 05, P < 0.01). As time went by, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and hematocrit showed gradual increasing tendency in the ED group, while they showed gradual decreasing tendency in the XZD group. Results of metabonomics showed significant difference in spectra of metabolites between the normal group and the model group. As modeling time was prolonged, contents of acetyl glucoprotein and glucose in the model group increased in late stage, which was in. line with results of blood lipids and hemorheology. ED showed more obvious effect in early and mid-term modeling (at week 2 and 4), and increased contents of partial metabolites (such as choline, phosphatidyl choline, glycerophosphocholine), but these changes in the XZD group were consistent with those of the model group. In late modeling (at week 8) XZD showed more obvious effect in improving contents of lactic acid, acetyl glycoprotein, LDL, creatine, choline, and glucose.

CONCLUSIONSED and XZD not only showed regulatory effects on lipid disorders, but also could improve dysbolism of Chos. In formulas corresponding to syndrome, damp-phlegm was main pathogenesis of hyperlipidema and AS in early and mid stages. Blood stasis syndrome began to occur along with it progressed. Phlegm can result in blood stasis and intermingles with stasis. Phlegm turbidity runs through the whole process.

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hemorheology ; Hyperlipidemias ; Lipids ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolome ; physiology ; Metabolomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sputum ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changing laws of serum high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in septic rats and intervention effect of Xuebijing on it.

METHODSLipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 mg/kg BW) was intravenously injected into the tail vein of healthy male Wistar rats to prepare the sepsis rat model. In Experiment 1: 50 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e., the normal group (A, n=10); the LPS model group (B, n=10), the LPS +Xuebijing treatment group (C, n=30). Rats in the C group were further divided into three subgroups, i.e., 2 h before LPS injection (group C1), 2 h after LPS injection (group C2), and 8 h after LPS injection (group C3), 10 in each group. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein to detect serum HMGB1 levels by Western blot at 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after LPS injection. Experiment 2: 30 Wistar rats were equally divided into the LPS model group (D) and the LPS + Xuebijing treatment group (E), 15 in each group. They were treated as rats in the B group and the C1 group respectively. Five rats were sacrificed at 12, 24, and 48 h after LPS injection in the two groups. Blood as well as the tissue samples were harvested to measure such indices as ALT, AST, Cr, and BUN, as well as pathological changes of liver, lung, and kidney.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the A group, serum HMGB1 levels were higher at various time points in the B group (P < 0.05). Compared with the B group, serum HMGB1 levels at 12,24,48, and 72 h decreased in the C1, C2, and C3 groups. Besides, the decrease was more obvious at 24 h and 48 h.The decrement in the C3 group was less than that in the C1 and C2 groups (P < 0.05). (2) In the D group, ALT, AST, Cr, and BUN were significantly higher than those in the A group and reached the peak at 24 h (P < 0.05). Compared with the E group, AST, Cr, and BUN at 24 and 48 h, and ALT at each time point decreased significantly in the E group (P < 0.05). (3)The results of pathological section of liver, lung, and kidney showed local congestion and hemorrhage, cell edema/necrosis/degeneration, infiltration of inflammatory cells, damage of characteristic structures and so on; particularly serious lesion occurred at 24 and 48 h in the D group. The microscopic lesion was obviously alleviated in the E group than in the D group at corresponding time points.

CONCLUSIONSThe serum HMGB1 levels increased in septic rats, with late occurrence of peak value and longer duration of the high value. HMGB1 played an important role in excessive inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction. Xuebijing could reduce the serum levels of HMGB1, improve biochemical parameters, and attenuate severe inflammatory response of liver, lung, and kidney tissues in septic rats. Besides, the earlier use, the better effect obtained.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; HMGB1 Protein ; blood ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; blood ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the application value of morphology assessment of sperm from fresh semen in routine in vitro fertilization (IVF).

METHODSWe analyzed the morphology of the sperm from fresh or optimized semen samples and, based on the sperm morphology of the raw semen, allocated 908 IVF cycles due to the pure tubal factor to different groups: morphologically normal sperm (MNS) ≤ 4%, > 4% - ≤ 15%, and > 15% in Trial 1 and MNS ≤ 1%, > 1% - ≤ 2%, > 2% - ≤ 3%, and > 3%-- ≤ 4% in Trial 2. We compared the rates of fertilization, cleavage, high-quality embryo, -blastocyst formation, and pregnancy among different groups.

RESULTSThe total fertilization rate was significantly lower in the MNS ≤ 4% than in the MNS > 4% - ≤ 15% and >15% groups (74.40% vs 78.61% and 80.03%, P < 0.01). Compared with the MNS ≤ 1%, > 1% - ≤ 2%, and > 2% - ≤ 3% groups, the MNS > 3% - ≤ 4% group showed remarkably increased rates of 2PN normal fertilization (77.23%, 78.97% and 78.99% vs 85.47%, P < 0.01), cleavage (95.71%, 96.01% and 97.27% vs 98.73%, P < 0.05), and blastocyst formation (53.85%, 49.01% and 49.55% vs 63.41%, P < 0.01). No statistically significant differences were observed in the rates of clinical pregnancy, implantation, early abortion, live birth, or malformation at birth among different groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMNS ≤ 4% affected the total rate of fertilization while MNS ≤ 3% reduced the rate of normal fertilization in IVF. However, even MNS ≤ 1% did not result in fertilization disorder or failure. Therefore, teratozoospermia alone was not an indicator of ICSI and sperm mor- phology assessment had no obvious value for predicting the rates of embryo quality, clinical pregnancy, and live birth in IVF.

Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

Accidents, Occupational ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans

A linear degradation humidifying model for drug stability experiment is introduced. This new humidifying model is presented as: H(r) = -M1-ln {exp(- MH(r,0)) - [exp(-MH(r,0)) -exp(-MH(r-m)) t(m)-t}. Where H(r) is the relative humidity; t is the time; H(r,m) and t(m) are the final relative humidity and time of the experiment, respectively. M is humidifying constant used in the humidifying program. In the new programmed humidifying model, a linear relationship between the content function of drugs and the relative humidity is obtained, the degradation of drugs can be more uniform within different humidity ranges and the experimental results are more accurate than those in the reported linear humidifying model. The stability of penicillin potassium, as a solid state model, was investigated by the linear degradation programmed humidifying and the exponential heating experiments. The results indicated that the kinetic parameters obtained by the linear degradation programmed humidifying and the exponential heating models were significantly more precise than those obtained by the linear programmed humidifying and the reciprocal heating models.
Drug Stability ; Humidity ; Kinetics ; Mathematics ; Models, Chemical ; Penicillins ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between angiographically-defined coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic periodontitis (CP).

METHODS277 cases with CHD (case group) and another 238 with no agiographic evidence of CHD (control group) were compared on their traditional cardiovascular risk factors, as: oral health status and probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, as well as number of missing teeth. Other related risk factors of CHD were included in a stepwise logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSData from univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference in CP, plasma triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fast glucose, white blood count, hypertension and smoking between patients with CHD and those with out CHD (P < 0.01 - 0.001). Multiple factorial logistic regression analysis showed that CP, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, HDL-C were strongly correlated with the incidence of CHD. Significant dosage-effective response was also found in the relationship between CP and CHD (P < 0.001). Further studies also suggested that the severity of CP paralleled the severity of CHD.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that CP might serve as an independent risk factor of CHD and significantly enhance the risk and severity of CHD. Our study suggested that the elimination of probable risk factors in oral cavity was indispensable during the process of the prevention of CHD in order to prevent acute coronary events.

Angiography ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Coronary Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Periodontitis ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic variation and action mechanism of sICAM-1 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signal transduction in human severe trauma and resuscitation, as well as the effect of lactated Ringer's solution(LR), 7.5% sodium chloride solution(HS) and 20% albumin injection(ALB) on the incidence and mortality of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

METHODSSeventy-two severe trauma patients (ISS score 16-43) were divided into ISS < or = 25 and ISS > 25 groups (each group was subdivided into LR, HS and ALB groups). ELISA was used to measure the concentration of sICAM-1. Western blot was used to measure the expression of p38 MAPK.

RESULTSCompared with LR group, the transfusion volume needed for maintaining systolic blood pressure > or = 90 mm Hg was significantly decreased in HS and ALB groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the concentration of blood sICAM-1 and the expression of p38 MAPK was elevated from 4 to 48 hours after trauma in all experimental groups (P < 0.05-0.01). At 4, 12, and 24 hours, there was significant correlation between the expression of p38 MAPK and sICAM-1 (P < 0.01). Compared with LR group, sICAM-1 and p38 MAPK in HS and ALB groups were decreased (P < 0.05). sICAM-1 and p38 MAPK were significantly higher in the group of ISS > 25 than that of ISS < or = 25 (P < 0.05). MODS incidence and mortality were significantly higher in the group of ISS > 25 than that of ISS < or = 25 (P < 0.05). MODS incidence and mortality were lower in HS and ALB groups than LR group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe up-regulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil-endotheliocytes (PMN-EC) adhesion may be due to the increased sICAM-1 expression during severe trauma. The up-regulation of sICAM-1 expression is correlated with the activation of p38 MAPK. During severe trauma, the levels of sICAM-1 and p38 MAPK, as well as the incidence and mortality of MODS are lower when HS and ALB are used than single lactated LR solution is used.

Adult ; Albumins ; therapeutic use ; Cell Adhesion ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; physiology ; Isotonic Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Resuscitation ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; therapeutic use ; Systole ; Wounds and Injuries ; blood ; physiopathology ; therapy ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; blood ; physiology