Objective To explore the optimal method of qualitative and quantitative assessment of retinal neovascularization(RNV),choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and leakage from CNV. Methods Thirteen mice were randomly divided into RNV assessment group(n=7)and CNV assessment group(n=6).For RNV assessment, 3 mice were served as normal controls,and the other 4 were made into models of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).At postnatal d16,mice in normal control group and 3 ROP model mice received intraocular injection with FITC labeled or unlabeled antibody and were sacrificed 12 h later.The retinas were flat mounted(FITC labeled antibody) or incubated with secondary antibody(unlabeled antibody) and then flat mounted.The other ROP model mouse was served as blank control.For assessment of CNV and leakage from CNV,6 mice(12 eyes) were induced into models of CNV,and were randomly divided into two groups.Seven and 14d after model establishment,mice were intraocularly injected with unlabeled antibody,and fluorescein sodium were intraperitoneally injected 12 h later.The area of CNV and that of CNV leakage were calculated. ResultsRetinas from eyes injected with FITC labeled antibody exhibited good resolution of ultrastructure of RNV,while retinas from eyes injected with unlabeled antibody showed selective staining of RNV with no background,greatly facilitating identification and quantification of RNV.Merging images of stained CNV with images of fluorescein sodium leakage from CNV revealed double labeled CNV surrounded by fluorescein that had leaked into surrounding tissues.The mean area of CNV and its leakage of d14 were significantly different from those of d 7(P

1.0 mmol/L).The clinical side effects after medication circa were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in myelosuppression,liver functional lesion,gastrointestinal tract reaction and infection in 2 groups.But following the increase of MTX blood drug level,the incidence rate of skin mucosa contamination,electrocardiographic abnormality,the cardiac creatase abnormity and nervous system symptoms significantly increased.Conclusions In the course of child ALL treatment with HD-MTX+CF,the side effects are common and individual difference is obvious.Specific treatment on individuals is suggested.J Appl Clin Pediatr,2006,21(3):170-171

Objective To investigate differential expressed protein in the intestinal mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with antibody chips,and to explore the possible role of the screened proteins in pathogenesis of IBD.Methods The mucosa tissues of nine patients with ulcerative colitis (UC),nine patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and nine control individuals were collected.After total protein of each group was extracted,the differential expressed protein of each group was analyzed by Raybiotech L-series human cytokine antibody chips.The mucose tissues of other nine patients with UC,nine patients with CD and nine control individuals were collected,and were used to verify the greatly differential expressed proteins by Western blot.The t-test was performed to compare two groups.Results Compared with the control group,there was significantly difference in 263 cytokines of UC group,and 414 cytokines of CD group.And then the higher expressions of herpes virus entry mediator,leukemia inhibitory factor and platelet factor 4 in the mucosa tissues of IBD patients were confirmed by Western blot and the differences were statistically significant (UC:t=23.85,9.53,18.88; CD:t=13.54,16.65,13.67,all P＜0.01).Conclusion The screened differential expressed cytokines in the mucosa tissues of IBD patients by cytokine antibody chips could be helpful to reveal the pathogenesis of IBD and discover new molecular biomarkers.

Objective To afford an new effective imaging technique for the morphological observation of the normal male pelvic floor by observing the normal male puborectalis with transrectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Thirty-six normal males were examined by transrectal ultrasound and MRI,data of puborectalis were recorded and compared including starting point, end point,appearance, structure, thickness and the relationship with peripheral organs. Results The results including the appearance,direction and internal echo of puborectalis and the relationship with peripheral organs can be clearly displayed by transrectal ultrasound compared with MRI. The thickness of right and left puborectalis at rest measured in ultrasound and in MRI were (6.22±0.57)mm, (6.19±0.59) mm, (6.20±0.61) mm and (6.17±0.53) mm, respectively. The thickness by two methods and two sides had no significant differences (P>0.05). The thickness of puborectalis measured by two methods did not correlate with age,height,body weight,the volume of prostate and interspinal diameter respectively. Conclusions Transrectal ultrasound is a new imaging method to observe male puborectalis. Identification for nomal puborectalis sonography is the foundation of diagnosis pelvic floor disease.

Mean hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of about 3 500 subjects derived from 17 studies of Himalayan highlanders (Tibetans, Sherpas, and Ladakhis) was compared with lowlanders (Chinese Han, Indian Tamils) lived in the Himalayas, and European climbers during Everest expeditions as well as Andean natives. The results found that Hb concentration in Himalayan highlanders was systemically lower than those reported for Andean natives and lowland immigrants. These comparative data demonstrated that a healthy native population may successfully reside at high altitude without a significant elevation in Hb, and the lower Hb levels of Himalayan highlanders than those of migrated lowlanders and Andean natives are an example of favourable adaptation over the generations. In addition, excessive polycythemia has frequently been used as a marker of chronic mountain sickness (CMS). Altitude populations who have a higher Hb concentration also have a higher incidence of CMS. The low Hb in Himalayans suggested as showing adaptation over many generations in Tibetan stock. Recent work in Tibet, suggested that Tibetans there may have adapted to high altitude as a result of evolutionary pressure selecting for genes which give an advantage at altitude. All of the population genomic and statistical analysis indicated that EPAS1 and EGLN1 are mostly likely responsible for high altitude adaptation and closely related to low Hb concentration in Tibetans. These data supported the hypothesis that Himalayan highlanders have evolved a genetically different erythropoietic response to chronic hypoxia by virtue of their much longer exposure to high altitude.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Altitude ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Hemoglobins ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases ; genetics ; Tibet

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quality of life of cleft lip and/or palate children's parents and discuss the factors to provide the oretical basis for improving the quality of life of these parents and promoting the healthy growth of children with cleft lip and/or palate.

METHODSA total of 115 parents whose children had cleft lip and/or palate surgery treatment were selected as the experiment group, and another 198 parents (with healthy children having a similar age with those in the experiment group) as the control group. The experiment group was divided into three subgroups according to different types of cleft lip and/or palate: cleft Lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), cleft lip and palate (CLP). The experiment group and the control group were both divided into four subgroups according to age: 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 years old, and more than 6 years old. The experiment group and the control group were both divided into three subgroups according to education: junior middle school and the following, high school and technical secondary school, junior college degree or above. The GQOLI-74 scale was selected to assess the experiment group and the control group. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze data.

RESULTS1) The experiment group had no significant difference with the control group in terms of the overall score and the scores of various children ages. 2) The scores of every item had no significant difference in CL, CP, CLP subgroup (P > 0.05). 3) The quality of life scores and scores of psychological function dimension and social function dimension of parents with 3-6 years old patients were obviously lower than those of parents with more than 6 years old patients (P<0.05). The scores of social function dimension of parents with 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 years old patients were obviously lower than those of parents with more than 6 years old patients (P < 0.05). The other items had no significant difference. 4) The scores of material life dimension and social function dimension of parents with junior college degree or above were higher than those of parents with junior middle school degree and the following (P < 0.05). The scores of social function dimension of parents with high school and technical secondary school degree were higher than those of parents with junior middle school degree and the following (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNo difference was observed in the quality of life between cleft lip and/or palate children's parents and normal group. The parents with the low age children with cleft lip and/or palate and low-levels of education need more help and support to improve quality of life.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; psychology ; Cleft Palate ; psychology ; Humans ; Infant ; Quality of Life ; Social Adjustment ; Software

Objective To compare surgical hybrid procedures (open thromboembolectomy/bypass,transluminal angioplasty/stenting) and endovascular hybrid procedures (percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy,catheter-directed intra-arterial thrombolysis,transluminal angioplasty/stenting) in patients with acute lower limb ischemia.Methods From June 2011 to June 2012,the clinical data and the six month follow-up data of patients with acute (less than 14 days) lower limb ischemia were collected and analyzed,who have underwent the endovascular modality hybrid procedures (endovascular modality group)or surgery modality of hybrid procedures (surgery modality group).The combined incidence of perioperative (30 days) death (POD) and major adverse limb event (MALE,include amputation or major intervention again) was defined as the primary end-point,and the secondary efficacy end-point was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) consisted of myocardial infarction,stroke and death from any cause.Results There were 105 and 95 cases respectively in the endovascular modality group and the surgery modality group.96 patients (99.0％) in the surgery modality group and 97 patients (92.4％) in the endovascular modality group were successfully completed with vascular reconstruction.The incidence of the primary end-point (combined POD and MALE) in the surgery modality group (7.2％) was significantly less than the endovascular modality group (17.1％).Hemorrhagic complications occurred more in the endovascular modality group (6.7％) than the surgery modality group (0％).The surgery modality group had more postoperative pulmonary complications (9.3％) than the endovascular modality group (1.0％).Conclusions Surgical hybrid procedures offer better immediate and mid-term results for patients with acute lower limb ischemia.

This article discussed on the continuing medical education for general practitioners within a nonprofit multihospital system.Literature review,statistical analysis and survey results were employed.Training situation for general practitioner at home and aboard was reviewed.Statistics on population,disease spectrum,present situation of community doctors in Luwan branch of Ruijin hospital was also analyzed.Results showed that current education system for general practitioners cannot catch up the increasing demand yet.Meanwhile patients expected well qualified and skillful physicians in the community healthcare centers.Reinforcement of continuing medical education for general practitioners was the stepping stone of a nonprofit multihospital system.Improving skills and qualifications of physician played an essential role in the urban network of medical services.

Objective To explore the effective method of treating childhood acute aplastic anemia(AAA) by overviewing the curative effect of therapeutic alliance to the children diagnosed as AAA with immunodepressants.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 13 patients diagnosed as AAA,who were treated by high dose of methyllprednisolone,antilymphocyte globulin,ciclosporin A,large dose of gamma globulin,granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and blood transfusion in 4 years.Results Among 13 cases,9 cases were healing well on the whole,one was relieved,one was improving,two were ineffective(one of them was dead).In 9 cases who were healing,WBC took(24.60?8.86) days to reach 4?10~9/L,hematoglobin took(152.22?68.88) days to reach normal and platelet took(125.55?55.86) days to reach 80?10~9/L.During the procedure of treating,infection appeared in 7 cases,the ALT and AST was high in 2 cases,hypoproteinemia and edema in 1 case,gross hematuria in 2 cases,gingival hyperplasia obviously and dedentition in 1 case.Conclusion Therapeutic alliance with immunodepressants to childhood AAA is a safe and effective method.

AIM: To investigate the effects of bone morphogenetic protein 7 ( BMP-7 ) on the expression of transcription factor E2A and inhibitor of differentiation 2 (Id2) in the renal tubule epithelial cells(NRK-52E)exposed to high glucose, and to explore its possible mechanism of improving renal tubular fibrosis induced by high glucose.METH-ODS:The NRK-52E cells were divided into control group, high glucose (HG) group and high glucose with different doses of BMP-7 (10μg/L and 20μg/L) group.The cells in HG group and BMP-7 group were cultured for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h. The protein expression of Id2, E2A, E-cadherin,α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen-I was detected by Western blot.In addition, the mRNA expression of Id2 was detected by real-time PCR.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the mRNA and protein levels of Id2 and the protein level of E-cadherin were down-regulated, while the protein levels of E2A,α-SMA and collagen-I were up-regulated in HG group (P<0.05).Compared with HG group, the mRNA and pro-tein levels of Id2 and the protein level of E-cadherin were significantly up-regulated, while the protein expression of E2A,α-SMA and collagen-I was significantly down-regulated in 20 μg/L BMP-7 group ( P<0.05 ) .The correlation analysis showed that the Id2 protein level was negatively correlated with the E2A protein level (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:BMP-7 may intercept the process of renal tubule fibrosis induced by high glucose via promoting the expression of Id2 and inhibi-ting the expression of E2A at protein level.