OBJECTIVETo investigate the dentoalveolar characteristics in skeletal class I patients with excessive overjet.

METHODSTen cephalometric measurements of 60 skeletal class I patients with excessive overjet were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with patients with normal overjet, 1-SN, 1-NA and MxAAH were significantly increased in excessive overjet group I (overjet: 3 - 5 mm) and 1-SN, 1-NA and MxAAH were significantly increased in excessive overjet group II (overjet: 5 - 7 mm).

CONCLUSIONSThe protrusion and tipping of maxillary incisor, and absence of compensatory proclination of mandibular incisor may be the factors, caused skeletal class I excessive overjet. Increased height of anterior maxillary anterior alveolar process was the compensatory change in skeletal class I patients with excessive overjet.

Adolescent ; Alveolar Process ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class I ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography

Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Meningioma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the transformation trend of patients education model in the information by investigating the implementation of patient health education by nurses in the municipal hospital. Methods A total of 820 nurses in four municipal hospitals in Taiyuan were recruited and investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. Results 70% of patients′ health education contents focused on knowledge and information directly related to the disease, and the relatively neglected patient self-management skills training and social assistance;44. 2% surgical nurses and 31. 4% internal medicine nurses thought they were not good at patient education, mainly manifested in the lack of depth and breadth of knowledge, and surgical nurse ratio were higher than internal department nurses (χ2 =16. 160,P <0. 05). Conclusions Patients′ education of Taiyuan Municipal Hospital were still traditional education models of paper-based materials and face to face. Although this model can reduce the distance between nurses and patients, it relatively limits education content, and there are more influencing factors. Patients′ education mode should conform to the development of the times, on the basis of the advantages of traditional health education, make full use of network resources in order to make patients′education to be more perfect.

The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) and the implantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on cardiac function of ischemic hearts in canines. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was occluded to establish the canine model of acute myocardial infarct (AMI). Four weeks later, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: TMLR group, in which transmyocardial laser-induced channels were established at the ischemic region; EPCs+TMLR group, in which EPCs were locally transplanted into laser-induced channels at the ischemic region; EPCs group, in which the EPCs were injected into the ischemic region; control group, in which the AMI animals received neither TMLR nor EPCs. The peripheral blood (50 mL) was sampled in all groups. Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood were separated and cultured to obtain spindle-shaped attaching (AT) cells in vitro. AT cells were labeled with 1, 1'-dioctadecyl-1 to 3,3, 3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) before injecting into the laser-induced channels or ischemic region. Four weeks after the first operation, TMLR was performed in the TMLR group and EPCs+TMLR group, and at the same time, the EPCs originating from the AT cells were mixed with calcium alginate (CA). Then the EPCs-CA composites were implanted into myocardial channels induced by laser in the EPCs+TMLR group, and into the myocardial infarct area in the EPCs group. All dogs underwent echocardiography at second month after LAD occlusion. Finally the samples of myocardium around the LAD were subjected to histochemical and immunohistologic examinations. The results showed there was no significant difference in the diameter of left atrium and ventricle before treatment among all groups (P>0.05). Eight weeks after modeling, the regional contractility in the LAD territory in the EPCs+TMLR group was increased as compared with control group and TMLR group, but there was no significant difference between control group and TMLR group. Neoangiogenesis was observed in the EPCs+TMLR group, and the fibrosis was seen in the TMLR group. There was no significant difference in neoangiogenesis around the channels induced by laser among EPCs+TMLR, EPCs and TMLR groups. It was concluded that TMLR combined with EPCs could improve the regional and global cardiac function in AMI, and augment neovascularizaiton in channels of ischemic myocardium induced by laser.

In order to clone and identify differentially expressed genes in the sporogony stage of Eimeria tenella, the cDNAs from unsporulated oocysts and sporulated oocysts of E. tenella were used as driver, respectively, the cDNAs from sporozoites of E. tenella was used tester, Two subtractive cDNA libraries of sporozoites were constructed by using the technique of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). the cDNAs from unsporulated oocysts was used driver, the cDNAs from sporulated ooceysts was used tester, one subtractive cDNA library of sporulated oocysts was constructed. PCR amplification revealed that the two subtractive cDNA libraries of sporozoites and one subtractive cDNA library of sporulated oocysts contained approximated 96%, 96% and 98% recombinant clones, respectively. Fifty positive clones were sequenced and analyzed in GenBank with Blast search from three subtractive cDNA libraries, respectively, thirteen unique sequences were found from the subtractive cDNA library of sporulated oocysts, eight ESTs shared significant identity with previously described. A total of forty unique sequences were obtained from the two subtractive cDNA libraries, nine ESTs shared significant identity with previously described, the other sequences represent novel genes of E. tenella with no significant homology to the proteins in Genbank. These results have provided the foundation for cloning new genes of E. tenella and further studying new approaches to control coccidiosis.
Animals ; Chickens ; parasitology ; Coccidiosis ; parasitology ; veterinary ; DNA, Protozoan ; genetics ; Eimeria tenella ; genetics ; physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Library ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Oocytes ; metabolism ; Poultry Diseases ; parasitology ; Spores

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the application of different variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) locus in genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) strains isolated from eight provinces in China, and to find the suitable locus-set of VNTR for epidemical strains in China.

METHODSAll 140 M.tuberculosis strains were randomly selected from 2800 M.tuberculosis strains isolated from eight provinces in China, 27 VNTR loci were used for typing all isolates. Discriminatory power (Hunter-Gaston Index, HGI) of every locus and different locus-set were analyzed by BioNumerics software. Meanwhile, Spoligotyping was used to identify Beijing family and non-Beijing family. Then the HGI of different locus-sets in two families was also evaluated.

RESULTSAll 140 isolates were clustered into Beijing kindred (112 strains, 80%) and non-Beijing kindred (28 strains, 20%) by Spoligotyping. The discriminatory power of Spoligotyping in 140 isolates was 0.4589. Every locus showed different polymorphism and HGI were from 0 to 0.809. The number of VNTR loci with HGI higher than 0.5 in all strains, Beijing family and non-Beijing family was 8, 7 and 14 respectively. 27 loci were combined into four groups which included 8, 12, 15 and 24 VNTR loci respectively. Four locus-sets showed different polymorphism, HGI of eight-locus, 12-locus, 15-locus, and 24-locus set in 140 strains was 0.9991, 0.9882, 0.9980 and 0.9986, and their discriminatory power were calculated in Beijing kindred (HGI: 0.9987, 0.9318, 0.9969 and 0.9975) and non-Beijing kindred (HGI: 1, 0.9894, 1 and 1).

CONCLUSIONDifferent VNTR locus and locus-set showed different discriminatory power in the selected M.tuberculosis strains isolated from China. Eight-locus set can be used in molecular epidemiological study of M.tuberculosis in China after standardization.

Bacterial Typing Techniques ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) and the implantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on cardiac function of ischemic hearts in canines. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was occluded to establish the canine model of acute myocardial infarct (AMI). Four weeks later, the animals were randomly divided into four groups: TMLR group, in which transmyocardial laser-induced channels were established at the ischemic region; EPCs+TMLR group, in which EPCs were locally transplanted into laser-induced channels at the ischemic region; EPCs group, in which the EPCs were injected into the ischemic region; control group, in which the AMI animals received neither TMLR nor EPCs. The peripheral blood (50 mL) was sampled in all groups. Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood were separated and cultured to obtain spindle-shaped attaching (AT) cells in vitro. AT cells were labeled with 1, 1'-dioctadecyl-1 to 3,3, 3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) before injecting into the laser-induced channels or ischemic region. Four weeks after the first operation, TMLR was performed in the TMLR group and EPCs+TMLR group, and at the same time, the EPCs originating from the AT cells were mixed with calcium alginate (CA). Then the EPCs-CA composites were implanted into myocardial channels induced by laser in the EPCs+TMLR group, and into the myocardial infarct area in the EPCs group. All dogs underwent echocardiography at second month after LAD occlusion. Finally the samples of myocardium around the LAD were subjected to histochemical and immunohistologic examinations. The results showed there was no significant difference in the diameter of left atrium and ventricle before treatment among all groups (P>0.05). Eight weeks after modeling, the regional contractility in the LAD territory in the EPCs+TMLR group was increased as compared with control group and TMLR group, but there was no significant difference between control group and TMLR group. Neoangiogenesis was observed in the EPCs+TMLR group, and the fibrosis was seen in the TMLR group. There was no significant difference in neoangiogenesis around the channels induced by laser among EPCs+TMLR, EPCs and TMLR groups. It was concluded that TMLR combined with EPCs could improve the regional and global cardiac function in AMI, and augment neovascularizaiton in channels of ischemic myocardium induced by laser.
Animals ; Coronary Circulation ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; surgery ; Dogs ; Humans ; Muscle Contraction ; physiology ; Myocardial Ischemia ; pathology ; therapy ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; physiology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stem Cells ; Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization ; methods

AIMTo study the effects of different acute hypoxia on blood pressure, heart rate and microvessels and free radical in rabbits.

METHODSThe experiment model was carried out with acute hypoxia on two groups of rabbits, using artificial inspiration 12.5% O2 and 87.5% N2, 8.5% O2 and 91.5% N2 (equivalent to altitudes of some 4 000 m and 6 500 m) keeping hypoxia for 5, 10, 15, 20 min. During the course of it, the changes of blood pressure, heart rate and microvessels response, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) were recorded accordingly.

RESULTS(1) systolic pressure was slightly up, then down in 5 mins. Diastolic pressure was significantly down (P < 0.05) in 20 min. (2) Heart rate showed reduced and prolonged, particularly in 8.5% hypoxia group (P < 0.05). (3) Vas bores of microvessle expanded (P < 0.05) and the blood stream became slow gradually (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in following acute hypoxia time. (4) SOD was significantly down (P < 0.05), MDA was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in 20 mins.

CONCLUSIONAcute hypoxia could cause the blood pressure and heart rate to decrease, vas bore of microvessle to expand, the blood circulation to slow down and free radicals would increase.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Heart Rate ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Microvessels ; physiopathology ; Rabbits

BACKGROUNDThe fluorosis derived from coal burning is a very serious problem in China. By using fluorine-fixing technology during coal burning we are able to reduce the release of fluorides in coal at the source in order to reduce pollution to the surrounding environment by coal burning pollutants as well as decrease the intake and accumulating amounts of fluorine in the human body. The aim of this study was to conduct a pilot experiment on calcium-based fluorine-fixing material efficiency during coal burning to demonstrate and promote the technology based on laboratory research.

METHODSA proper amount of calcium-based fluorine sorbent was added into high-fluorine coal to form briquettes so that the fluorine in high-fluorine coal can be fixed in coal slag and its release into atmosphere reduced. We determined figures on various components in briquettes and fluorine in coal slag as well as the concentrations of indoor air pollutants, including fluoride, sulfur dioxide and respirable particulate matter (RPM), and evaluated the fluorine-fixing efficiency of calcium-based fluorine sorbents and the levels of indoor air pollutants.

RESULTSPilot experiments on fluorine-fixing efficiency during coal burning as well as its demonstration and promotion were carried out separately in Guiding and Longli Counties of Guizhou Province, two areas with coal burning fluorosis problems. If the calcium-based fluorine sorbent mixed coal was made into honeycomb briquettes the average fluorine-fixing ratio in the pilot experiment was 71.8%. If the burning calcium-based fluorine-fixing bitumite was made into a coalball, the average of fluorine-fixing ratio was 77.3%. The concentration of fluoride, sulfur dioxide and PM10 of indoor air were decreased significantly. There was a 10% increase in the cost of briquettes due to the addition of calcium-based fluorine sorbent.

CONCLUSIONSThe preparation process of calcium-based fluorine-fixing briquette is simple yet highly flammable and it is applicable to regions with abundant bitumite coal. As a small scale application, villagers may make fluorine-fixing coalballs or briquettes by themselves, achieving the optimum fluorine-fixing efficiency and reducing indoor air pollutants providing environmental and social benefits.

Air Pollution ; prevention & control ; Calcium ; chemistry ; China ; Coal ; analysis ; Fluorine ; chemistry ; Humans